GA: Craniofacial Vasculature

Question 1

What are the branches coming from the 1st part of the subclavian A.?

Answer 1

Medial –> Ant. Scalene M.

Vertebral A.

Thyrocervical trunk (Inferior Thyroid, Ascending cervical, Transverse cervical, suprascapular)

Internal thoracic A.

Question 2

What branches are coming from the 2nd part of the subclavian A.?

Answer 2

Behind Anterior scalene M.

Costocervical trunk (supreme intercostal A. + deep cervical A.)

Question 3

What branches are coming from the 3rd part of the subclavian A.?

Answer 3

Lateral border of anterior scalene to 1st rib

Dorsal Scapular A.

Question 4

Common Carotid A.

Answer 4

Baroreceptors innervated by CN IX to respond to blood pressure.

Question 5

External Carotid Branches

Answer 5

Some Anatomist Like Freaking Out Poor Medical School Students

S - Superior thyroid A.

A - Ascending Pharyngeal A.

L - Lingual A.

F - Facial A.

O - Occipital A.

P - Posterior Auricular A.

M - Maxillary A.

S - Superficial Temporal A.

Question 6

Facial A. Branches

Answer 6

labial = lips

submental = chin

Question 7

What runs with the occipital A.?

Answer 7

Greater occipital N.

Question 8

What are the branches of the maxillary A.?

Answer 8

*muscles of mastication (chewing)*

And sphenopalantine off of maxillary supplies nasal cavity

Buccal = cheek

Alveolar = teeth

Question 9

What artery injury can lead to an epidural hematoma?

Answer 9

A ruptured middle meningeal A. from trauma.

A brain bleed would be a subdural hematoma.

Question 10

What are the 3 branches off the internal carotid A.?

Answer 10

Ophthalmic A. (goes to eyes)

Anterior Cerebral A + Middle cerebral A –> circle of willis

Question 11

What is the cause of vertebrobasilar insufficiency?

Answer 11

Decreased posterior circulation due to intermittent vertebral artery occlusion from: artherosclerosis and/or during head rotation/extension

Symptoms: syncope (fainting), vertido, dizziness

Treat via losing weight

Question 12

What structures are involved in subclavian steal syndrome?

Answer 12

This is proximal stenosis or occlusion of the subclavian A. Blockage causes reverse flow through the vertebral artery of the affected side. So blood goes to the arm but not to the brain.

Causes: Artherosclerosis, extra cervical rib

Symptoms: Syncope, differences in blood pressures between arms