G E Flashcards
sport
a physical acitivty involving events and competitions at the national and international scale with professional participants
toursim
travel away from home for at least one night for the purpose of leisure
sustainable tourism
tourism that conserves primary tourist resources and supports the livelihoods and culture of local people
global commons
resources that are outside the reach of any one nation, for example oceans, or the atmosphere in Antarctica
Niche tourism + types (6)
special interest tourism catering for small numbers of people who are crowd intolerant.
types:
ecotourism - (tourism directed towards exotic, often threatened, natural environments, intended to support conservation efforts and observe wildlife.)
e.g. Iceland for its sustainability and traveling with bikes or scooters.
Heritage - (traveling to experience the places, artifacts, and activities that authentically represent the stories and people of the past and present)
e.g. Greek antique museums and see monuments.
medical - (when consumers elect to travel across international borders with the intention of receiving some form of medical treatment)
e.g. traveling to Lithuania for many dentist appointments, or to Turkey for plastic surgeries.
adventure - (involving travel to remote or exotic locations in order to take part in physically challenging outdoor activities.)
e.g. traveling to Tenerife for hiking and Antarctica to explore.
Silver - (old people tourism)
e.g. older people traveling to specific places, specific times with specific conditions.
dark - for crimes (human trafficking)
primary and secondary resources
Primary resources - something that is not built specifically for tourism, for example, volcanoes that are erupting, universities that have the interesting infrastructure (Harvard), Eiffel tower, and Spanish stairs.
Secondary resources - people are building something for tourism preparation and sports activities, they are trying to attract people, for example, Las Vegas.
Ecotoursim
A green and alternative form of toursim that aims to preserve the environment by managing it responsibly and sustainably
mass toursim
- mass tourism refers to the movement of a large number of organized tourists to popular holiday destinations for recreational purposes. (all-inclusive)
OECD
organization of economical country development
family life cycle
family dynamic varieties, such as bachelor stage, newly married couples, full nest I, Full ness II, Full nest III, Empty nest I, Empty nest II, Solitary survivor, in labor-force, Solitary survivor, retired.
People who are any of the factors below are most likely to be excluded from participating in sports.
- aged 75 and over
- black and minority ethnic (BME)
- lone pensioners
- local authority tenants
- people with no qualifications
- those in semi-routine or routine occupations
- people who are permanently or temporarily sick
- disabled or injured
- people who are on relatively low incomes
hotspots in rural areas
mostly national parks, sometimes they are for nature, sometimes they are zoned and not all of the parks is for attracting tourists.
multiplier effect
near the hotspot of tourism, local people are creating their own businesses, and people are paying taxes and therefore multiplying the economy. their business relies on the hotspot and the people that are coming to that object - hotspot (e.g. hotel. Santa Claus in Rovaniemi, Finland)
Leakage
negative things, that the income that an object gets, the money leaks to the country that built that object. or even bankrupt.
explain how leisure differs in LIC and HIC countries
in LIC there could be story telling or music as leisure, but the country becomes economically stronger, TV becomes leisure, sports, etc.
In LIC survival is more important than leisure
as more life expectancy a person has, therefore leisure is more present in older people over 65 years old, rather than in LIC where life expectancy is not high, here leisure is enjoyed earlier.
MINOR TEAM SPORTS
baseball, basketball, hockey, volleyball
CASE STUDY: children’s leisure activities in Sudan, a low income country
When rural children are running errands, collecting water or herding sheep and goats, they introduce elements of play intro their activities. Children use scrap medal to make toys, when hopping on one leg while herding, children make their work more enjoyable and fun.
how does gender, religion, age and place of residence, stage in family life cycle affect leisure?
mothers have less time for leisure
muslim woman are less likely to swim or run because sports for women is criticized
older people tend to play gold or do less active sports, while younger people swim and play football
people who live in mountains are more likely to skii while those near coastal areas - surf
hotspots
areas of intense sporting or leisure acitivity that attract above average number of visitors
primary tourist resources
those hotspots that are not built specifically, they include climate, wildlife, cultural and heritage sites.
secondary tourist resources
hotspots that have been man-made for tourists, like accomodation, entertainment, the palm islands in dubai.
CASE STUDY: tourism in Oxford university, UK
it attracts over 5 million visitors each year, even though it has been built as a university, not a hotspot. Oxford tOURISM sTRATEGY HAS BEEN estabilshed to make sure it evens out the tourists on each season, provide larger parks and more public transport, etc.
how does a country deal with a national parks that have become a hotspot? (case study)
in ireland, killarney national park has been suffering big crowds of people because of places like muckross house, therefore wanting to preserve the heritage, landscapes, etc, they made zones, in which different levels of manegement are applied.
sphere fo influence
an area from which a facility draws its support. so if the activity such as badminton is in a village, its sphere of influence would be the whole village.
in the city there could be football or hockey
