FUNDA MIDTERM Flashcards
one must understand not only past events but also
contemporary nursing practice and the sociologic and historical factor that affect it.
alluded directly to the myth of Hermes, who saw two snakes fighting and touched them with his rod so that the two animals would stop fighting.
Caduceus symbol
•A look at nursing’s beginnings reveals its continuing
struggle for autonomy and professionalization.
From the beginning of time, women have cared for infants and children;; thus nursing could be said to have its roots in
The home
WHO IS THE FIRST EVER MALE NURSE?
In 1955, 2nd Lt. Edward T. Lyon
it was the Christian value of
“love thy neighbor as thyself” and Christ’s parable of the Good Samaritan
dedicated themselves to the care of people with leprosy, syphilis, and chronic skin conditions.
Knights of Saint Lazarus
organized care for victims of the Black Plague in the 14th century
in Germany.
• The Alexian Brothers
the inadequacy of care given to soldiers led to a public outcry in Great Britain.
During the Crimean War (1854-1856),
Florence Nightingale’s Environmental Theory defined Nursing as
“the act of utilizing the patient’s environment to assist him in his recovery.”
The practice of nursing is controlled from within the profession through the
state boards of nursing and professional nursing organizations.
Nursing leaders
Florence nightiangale
Lillian wald
Clara barton
Lavinia dock
Linda richards
Margaret higgins sanger
Mary mahoney
Mary breckinbridge
Definition of nursing
Nursing is caring.
Nursing is adaptive.
Nursing is an art
Nursing is a science.
Nursing is client centered.
Nursing is concerned with health promotion, health maintenance, and health restoration.
Nursing is holistic.
Nursing is a helping profession.
Latin word meaning “to suffer” or “to bear”;
Patient
person who is waiting for or undergoing medical treatment and care. Usually, people become patients when they seek assistance because of illness or for surgery.
Patient
person who engages the advice or services of another who is qualified to provide this service.
Client
the main practice setting open to most nurses.
Acute care hospital
or legal acts for professional nursing practice, differ in various jurisdictions, they all have a common purpose: to protect the public.
Nurses are responsible for knowing their state’s ———-
as it governs their practice.
Nurse Practice Acts
the purpose is to describe the responsibilities for which nurses are accountable. Establishing and implementing standards of practice are major functions of a professional organization.
Standards of Nursing Practice
describe behaviors expected in the professional
nursing role.
•Standards of Professional Performance
Scope of nursing
PROMOTING health and wellness
PREVENTING illness
RESTORING health
CARE for dying
Roles n functions of the nurses
Caregiver
Communicator
Teacher
Change agent
Client advocate
Research consumer
Manager
Counselor
Leader
These two words were the early beliefs of health and illness in the Philippines.
MYSTICISM AND SUPERSTITIONS
To disperse their influence, gunpowder were exploded from a —————- close to the head of the sufferer.
Bamboo cane
The context of nursing has
manifested through simple nutrition, wound care, and taking care of an ill member of the family
HOSPITAL SCHOOL OF NURSING’S FORMAL TRAINING (1901 – 1911)
Iloilo mission hospital school of nursing
SAINT PAUL’S HOSPITAL SCHOOL OF NURSING (MANILA)
Philippine general hospital school of nursing (manila)
ST. LUKE’S HOSPITAL SCHOOL OF NURSING (QUEZON CITY)
MARY JOHNSTON HOSPITAL AND SCHOOL OF NURSING (MANILA)
PHILIPPINE CHRISTIAN MISSION INSTITUTE SCHOOLS OF NURSING
SALLIE LONG READ MEMORIAL HOSPITAL SCHOOL OF NURSING
(LAOAG, ILOCOS NORTE)
THE FIRST HOSPITAL IN THE PHILIPPINES, WHICH TRAINED FILIPINO NURSES ESTABLISHED BY THE BAPTIST MISSIONARIES.
ILOILO MISSION HOSPITAL SCHOOL OF NURSING (ILOILO CITY)
The hospital was established by the archbishop of manila, jeremiah harty under the supervision of the sisters of st. Paul de chartres located in Intramuros.
It provided general hospital services. It opened its training school for nurses in 1908, with mother melanie as superintendent and miss chambers as principal.
SAINT PAUL’S HOSPITAL SCHOOL OF NURSING (MANILA)
As a small dispensary for civil officers and employees in the city of manila and later grew as a civil hospital. In 1906, mary coleman masters, an educator advocated for the idea of training filipino girls for the profession of nursing with the approval of government officials, she first opened a dormitory for girls enrolled at the philippine normal hall and the university of the philippines.
Philippine general hospital school of nursing (manila)
THE HOSPITAL IS AN EPISCOPALIAN INSTITUTION. IT BEGAN AS A SMALL DISPENSARY IN 1903. IN 1907, THE SCHOOL OPENED WITH THREE GIRLS ADMITTED. THESE THREE GIRLS HAD THEIR FIRST YEAR IN COMBINED CLASSES WITH THE PGH SCHOOL OF NURSING AND ST. PAUL’S HOSPITAL SCHOOL OF NURSING.
St. Luke’s hospital school of nursing
Quezon city
started as a small dispensary on calle cervantes (now avenida). it was called the bethany dispensary and funded by the methodist mission for the relief of suffering among women and children. in 1907, sister rebecca parrish together with registered nurses rose dudley and gertude dreisbach, organized the mary johnston school of nursing. the nurses’ training course began with three filipino young girls fresh from elementary as their first students.
Mary Johnston hospital and school of nursing
Manila
the united christian missionary society of indianapolis, indiana- a protestant organization of the disciples of christ operated three schools of nursing.
PHILIPPINE CHRISTIAN MISSION INSTITUTE SCHOOLS OF NURSING
allowing the regulation of nursing practice transpired during this period.
Promulgation of Act No. 2493
In 1919, the First True Nursing Law was enacted through Act
During this period the Board Examiners for Nursing was also created.
2808
The first executive officer of the Board Examiners for Nurses is a
Physician
The start of nursing practice 1911-1921
Mary Chilles Hospital School of Nursing (Manila, 1911)
Frank Dunn Memorial Hospital (Vigan, Ilocos Sur, 1912)
San Juan de Dios Hospital School of Nursing (Manila, 1913)
Emmanuel Hospital School of Nursing (Capiz, 1913)
Southern Islands Hospital School of Nursing (Cebu, 1918)
the nursing institution have increased their requirement. During this period, they have implemented that to enter nursing education an applicant must be able to complete secondary education. T
1933
The first collegiate nursing graduates of the Philippines graduated from
University of the Philippines School of Public Health Nursing in 1938.
made public health nurses in Manila assigned to devastated areas to attend the sick and the wounded.
World war II in ph
A year after, —— nurses who were taken prisoners of war by the Japanese army and confined at the Bilibid Prison in Manila were released to the Director of the Bureau of Health.
Thrirty-one
And just like in the US, a lot of public health nurses joined the.
Guerillas
which was based on the thesis
Nursing curriculum
Nursing curriculum presented by
Julita v. sotejo
During this period, College of Nursing was also created.
The Degree of Bachelor of
Science in Nursing: 1941 – 1951
the Philippine Nursing Act of 2002 was enacted under the Republic Act No. 9173 which entails changes on existing policies under
Republic Act No. 7164.
As a group, Filipino nurses are well liked because they are hardworking. They place high value on responsibility and seldom complain. Joyce and Hunt (1982) commented, “Many [Filipino nurses] work nights, holidays and/or overtime. So, during this time of nursing shortage, one can rely on a Filipino nurse to volunteer to cover the shift”
Work ethic
Filipino nurses are very religious people. There is a deep faith in God that is reflected in the expression of “bahala na” — “it is up to God” or “leave it to God.” Although it is an indication of acceptance of the nature of things including one’s own inherent limitations, bahala na operates psychologically to elevate one’s courage and conviction to persist in the face of adversity and improve one’s situation (Okamura & Agbayani, 1991).
SPIRITUALITY
so they try to find a way to say things diplomatically.
also reflected in the way Filipino nurses conduct patient teaching, especially with the elderly, immigrants, and the less fortunate.
SENSITIVITY
Filipinos are generally quiet. Very conservative families do not allow their younger members to join the conversation of adults without an invitation.
•Engaging in arguments, especially with someone who is older or holds an authority position, is considered uncivilized. Filipinos also have difficulty turning down requests from supervisors to whom they feel obligated.
INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP
One’s position in society, professional achievements, and age carry a lot of weight in the Philippine society. Physicians, lawyers, priests, engineers, teachers, and nurses are among the well-respected professionals in the Philippines. Hence, their opinion is generally accepted without question.
•Filipino nurses highly value their elderly clients. Elderly individuals are given high respect and revered. Family commitment fosters a sense of pride, and therefore, caring for others is embedded in the culture.
RESPECT AND REVERENCE
Filipino nurses find it uncomfortable to accept even a well-deserved compliment. Filipino nurses are less likely to use “I” to express what they have achieved. More than likely, they will use we to acknowledge others’ contributions no matter how insignificant the contributions might be.
• This may explain why they work well with others. This may come from the practice of Bayanihan. In the Philippines, if you want something done, it is easy to get a group together to work on a project so that it will get done faster and better.
MODESTY
Respect is integrated in the Filipino language. Reference to the elderly is the use of the third person.
LANGUAGE
They tend to eat the same food and mingle with individuals of the same ethnic background. Hence, the old health beliefs and practices continue.
CLOSE FAMILY TIES
is defined as the “totality of socially transmitted pattern of thoughts, values, meanings, and beliefs” (Purnell 2005). It is not limited to any specific ethnic group, geographical area, language, religious belief, manner of clothing, sexual orientation, and socioeconomic status (Fisher 1996).
CULTURE
Namamana
Inheritance
Lihi
Conception or maternal cravings
Sumpa and gaba
Curse
Pasma
Hot and cold syndrome
Namaligno
Mystical and supernatural causes
Kaloob ng Diyos
God’s will
It was believed that
evil spirits could be driven away by persons with power to banish demons. Belief in special gods of healing, with the priest -physician (called “word doctors”) as intermediary.
Herbolarios
Herb doctors
Herbolarios
Herb men, meaning one who practiced witchcraft.
Herbicheros