FSOT Master 14 Flashcards

Question

What is the Latin American Integration Association?

Answer 1

A Latin American trade integration association, based in Montevideo. Its main objective is the establishment of a common market, in pursuit of the economic and social development of the region. Its members are Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Cuba, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela. It is the successor to LAFTA.

Answer 2

An international organisation of those developed countries that accept the principles of representative democracy and a free market economy. It originated in 1948 as the Organisation for European Economic Co-operation (OEEC), to help administer the Marshall Plan for the re-construction of Europe after World War II. Later its membership was extended to non-European states, and in 1961 it was reformed into the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Members include most of rich european nations, Japan, South Korea, Australia, NAFTA members, and Turkey. It is based in Paris.

Answer 3

The term open skies refers to either to a bilateral or multilateral Air Transport Agreement which: liberalises the rules for international aviation markets and minimises government intervention — the provisions apply to passenger, all-cargo and combination air transportation and encompass both scheduled and charter services; or adjusts the regime under which military and other state-based flights may be permitted.

Answer 4

The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) is an international organization for security. In its region, it is concerned with early warning, conflict prevention, crisis management and post-conflict rehabilitation. The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe has 55 participating states from Europe, the Mediterranean, the Caucasus, Central Asia and North America. The OSCE's Secretariat (headquarters) is located in Vienna, Austria. The Organization also has offices in Copenhagen, Geneva, The Hague, Prague and Warsaw. The organization was established in 1973 as the Conference for Security and Co-operation in Europe (CSCE).

Answer 5

The Organization of American States (OAS; OEA in the other three official languages) is an international organization, headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States. Its members are the 35 independent nations of the Americas. Founded in 1948. Members include every free nation in the western hemisphere, except cuba, which is suspended. From its creation up until, at the least, the mid-1980s, the OAS was a frequent target for critics, particularly those on the left of the political spectrum, who accused it of being a mere arm of U.S. foreign policy – "Washington's colonial office", it was scornfully labeled (this is sometimes attributed to Fidel Castro, but is not verified; see [5]). This interpretation was borne out by the alacrity with which the Organization moved, at Washington's bidding, to expel Cuba in 1962; in contrast, the OAS never took steps to suspend the membership of the various dictatorships that emerged in the 1970s and 1980s and were disrepectful of human rights and democracy – Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Guatemala – but that differed from Cuba in their political orientation. The return to democracy that took place in the 1980s and 1990s saw the emergence of new trends within the OAS. The Organization's new direction has taken it into areas of greater direct relevance to the peoples of the continent: for example, its highly successful demining programs in Central America and the Andean region. Perhaps more importantly, the Organization's other member states (particularly the South Americans) now appear to be reasserting their political independence and assuming positions that are much less subservient to U.S. interests.

Answer 6

The Pacific Islands Forum is an inter-governmental consultative organ which aims to enhance cooperation between the independent countries of the Pacific Ocean and represent their interests. It was founded in 1971 as the South Pacific Forum; the name was changed in 2000 to better reflect the correct geographic locations of its member states both in the north and south Pacific. Member states are: Australia, the Cook Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji, Kiribati, the Marshall Islands, Nauru, New Zealand, Niue, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, the Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, and Vanuatu.

Answer 7

The PLO is a political and military organization that claims to represent the interests of the Palestinian people in their opposition of Israel and quest for a homeland.

Answer 8

A Revisionst approach to foreign policy seeks to alter territorial, ideological, or power distribution to the state's advantage.

Answer 9

will be a continent-wide free trade zone that will unite two existing free-trade organizations—Mercosur and the Andean Community—eliminating tariffs for non-sensitive products by 2014 and sensitive products by 2019. The headquarters of this new organization will be in Lima while the South American Bank will be in Brasilia according to the agreements during the meetings. Complete integration between the Andean Community and Mercosur into the South American Community of Nations is expected by 2007. At the Third South American Summit, on 8 December 2004, presidents or representatives from twelve South American nations signed the Cuzco Declaration, a two-page statement of intent, announcing the foundation of the South American Community. Panama attended the signing ceremony as observer. Leaders announced their intention to model the new community after the European Union, including a common currency, parliament, and passport. According to Allan Wagner, Secretary General of the Andean Community, a complete union like that of the EU should be possible by 2019.

Answer 10

The South Asia Free Trade Agreement is an agreement reached at the 12th South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) summit at Islamabad, capital of Pakistan on 6 January 2004. It creates a framework for the creation of a free trade zone covering 1.4 billion people in India, Pakistan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Bhutan and the Maldives.The seven foreign ministers of the region signed a framework agreement on SAFTA with zero customs duty on the trade of practically all products in the region by end 2012.

Answer 11

The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation, or SAARC, proposed by Ziaur Rahman, the then-president of Bangladesh, was established on December 8, 1985. SAARC is an association of eight countries of South Asia: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and most recently admitted, Afghanistan. These countries comprise an area of 5,127,500 km2 and a fifth of the world's population. SAARC encourages cooperation in agriculture, rural development, science and technology, culture, health, population control, narcotics control and anti-terrorism. In 1993, SAARC countries signed an agreement to gradually lower tariffs within the region. Nine years later, at the 12th SAARC summit at Islamabad, SAARC countries devised the South Asia Free Trade Agreement which created a framework for the establishment of a free trade zone covering 1.4 billion people. This agreement went into force on January 1, 2006.

Answer 12

The Status Quo Approach to Foreign Policy seeks to maintain the territorial, ideological, or power distribution of the state.

Answer 13

The Treaty on Open Skies entered into force on January 1, 2002, and currently has 34 States Parties. It establishes a program of unarmed aerial surveillance flights over the entire territory of its participants. The treaty is designed to enhance mutual understanding and confidence by giving all participants, regardless of size, a direct role in gathering information about military forces and activities of concern to them. Open Skies is one of the most wide-ranging international efforts to date promoting openness and transparency of military forces and activities. The concept of "mutual aerial observation" was initially proposed by President Eisenhower in 1955; the treaty eventually signed was an initiative of President (and former Director of Central Intelligence) George H. W. Bush in 1989. Negotiated by the then-members of NATO and the Warsaw Pact, the agreement was signed in Helsinki, Finland, on March 24, 1992. The United States ratified it in 1993. The 34 States Parties to the Open Skies Treaty are: Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, United Kingdom, Ukraine, and United States.

Answer 14

Took effect in 1994. Establishes 12 mile barrier around nations, and 200 mile Exclusive Economic Zones. The us has signed, but not ratified it.

Answer 15

The Western European Union (WEU) is a partially dormant European defence and security organization, established on the basis of the Treaty of Brussels of 1948 with the accession of West Germany and Italy in 1954. Its two stated aims were: to afford assistance to each other inr sisting any policy of aggression, to promote unity and integration of Europe. Currently being merged into EU.

Answer 16

Unilaterialism is a state's dependence on its own power to maxime security and achieve national interests.

Answer 17

World Government is a theoretical power system in which all states would surrender their sovereignty and create a supranational state to govern the affairs of the entire world.

Answer 18

Xenophobia is the fear and distrust of foreigners and the policies and objectives of other states.

Answer 19

Zionism is a movement which promotes political, economic, financial, and military support for Israel.

Answer 20

Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Canada, Grenada, Jamaica, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, the Soloman Islands, Tuvalu, the U.K.

Answer 21

US, China, Israel, Zimbabwe.

Answer 22

Latin America, then Asia, then Europe.

Answer 23

The Velvet Divorce is a journalistic term for the dissolution of the former country of Czechoslovakia into the nations of Slovakia and the Czech Republic, effective January 1, 1993. The term is used to liken this event to the Velvet Revolution of 1989 which led to the end of the rule of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia and the formation of a new, non-Communist government. The term itself did not catch on either in the Czech Republic, nor in Slovakia, but it is used by the international media.

Answer 24

It founded the The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).

Answer 25

The Antarctic Treaty and related agreements, collectively called the Antarctic Treaty System or ATS, regulate the international relations with respect to Antarctica, Earth's only uninhabited continent. For the purposes of the treaty system, Antarctica is defined as all land and ice shelves south of the southern 60th parallel. The treaty was signed by 12 countries, including the Soviet Union and the United States, and set aside Antarctica as a scientific preserve, established freedom of scientific investigation and banned military activity on that continent. This was the first arms control agreement established during the Cold War. The main treaty was opened for signature on December 1, 1959, and officially entered into force on June 23, 1961.

Answer 26

The organization was established in 1973 as the Conference for Security and Co-operation in Europe (CSCE). Talks had been mooted about a European security grouping since the 1950s but the Cold War prevented any substantial progress until the talks at Finlandia Hall in Helsinki began in November 1972. These talks were held at the suggestion of the Soviet Union which wished to use the talks to maintain its control over the communist countries in Eastern Europe. Western Europe, however, saw these talks as a way to reduce the tension in the region, furthering economic cooperation and obtaining humanitarian improvements for the populations of the Communist Bloc. The collapse of Communism required a change of role for the CSCE. The Charter of Paris for a New Europe which was signed on November 21, 1990 marked the beginning of this change. With the changes capped by the re-naming of the CSCE to the OSCE (Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe) on January 1, 1995.

Answer 27

The European Defence Community (EDC) was a plan proposed by René Pleven, the French foreign minister at the time, in response to the American call for the rearmament of West Germany. Its intention was to form a pan-European defence force as an alternative to Germany's proposed accession to NATO, meant to harness its military potential in case of conflict with the Soviet bloc. The plan included the countries of France, Germany, Italy, and the Benelux countries (Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxemburg). A treaty was signed in May 1952, but the plan never went into effect. Because of the failure to obtain a majority in the French Parliament, due to Gaullist fears that it threatened France's national sovereignty, constitutional concerns about the indivisibility of the French Republic, and fears about Germany's remilitarization, the EDC was never ratified and the initiative collapsed on the 30 of August, 1954.

Answer 28

The Congress of Vienna in 1815.

Answer 29

The Organisation of African Unity (OAU) or Organisation de l'Unité Africaine (OUA) was established on May 25, 1963. It was disbanded July 9, 2002 by its last chairman, South African Thabo Mbeki and replaced by the African Union. Its intended purpose was to promote the unity and solidarity of the African States and act as a collective voice for the continent. It was also dedicated to the eradication of colonialism and established a Liberation Committee to aid independence movements. Its headquarters were established at Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, at the invitation of its emperor, Haile Selassie I. The Charter of the Organisation was signed by 32 independent African states. At the time of its disbanding, 53 out of the 54 countries in Africa were members; Morocco left in 1985 following the admission of Western Sahara in 1982. Though widely derided as a bureaucratic "talking shop" with little power, Ghanaian United Nations secretary-general Kofi Annan praised the OAU for bringing Africans together. Nevertheless, in its 39 years of existence critics argue that the OAU did little to protect the rights and liberties of African citizens from their own political leaders, often dubbing it "The Dictators Club".

Answer 30

The Southeast Atlantic Treaty Organization (SEATO), also known as the Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty or the Manila Pact, was an international organisation for defence collaboration established on September 8, 1954. The organization's headquarters was located in Bangkok, Thailand. It was dissolved in 1977. Members: Australia, France, New Zealand, Pakistan, Philippines, Thailand, Great Britain, U.S.

Answer 31

The Helsinki Accords is the Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe held in Helsinki in 1975 between the United States and Canada, the Soviet Union and the countries of Europe, including Turkey but not Albania and Andorra. The civil rights portion of the agreement provided the basis for the work of Helsinki Watch, an independent NGO created to monitor compliance to the Helsinki Accords (which evolved into several regional committees to finally form Human Rights Watch). While these provisions applied to all signatories the focus of attention was on their application to the Soviet Union and its associates, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland and Romania.

Answer 32

At a Geneva Conference meeting with Soviet Premier Bulganin in 1955, President Eisenhower proposed that the United States and Soviet Union conduct surveillance overflights of each other's territory to reassure each country that the other was not preparing to attack. The fears and suspicions of the Cold War led Soviet General Secretary Nikita Khruschev to reject Eisenhower's proposal. Thirty-four years later, the Open Skies concept was reintroduced by President George H. W. Bush as a means to build confidence and security between all North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) and Warsaw Pact countries. In September 1989, an international Open Skies conference involving all NATO and Warsaw Pact countries opened in Ottawa, Canada. Subsequent rounds of negotiations over the next three years were held in Budapest, Hungary, Vienna, Austria, and Helsinki, Finland. On March 24, 1992, the Open Skies Treaty was signed in Helsinki by Secretary of State James Baker and foreign ministers from 23 other countries. The treaty entered into force on January 2, 2002, after Russia and Belarus completed ratification procedures.

Answer 33

1970. U.S., U.K., China, Russia, France had them then. Today Israel, Pakistan, and India do also.

Answer 34

In 1991. It is a trading block of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay. Venezuela and Bolivia will become members soon.

Answer 35

Smaller countries. The top 5 troop donating nations are India, Nigeria, Jordan, Bangladesh, and Australia. The US is the top money donator to the UN, but it donates few troops.

Answer 36

Only Morocco. The African Union (abbreviated AU) was founded in July 2002. The AU is a federation consisting of 53 states. It was formed as a successor to the amalgamated African Economic Community (AEC) and the Organisation of African Unity (OAU). Eventually, the AU aims to have a single currency and a single integrated defense force, as well as other institutions of state, including a cabinet for the AU Head of State. The purpose of the federation is to help secure Africa's democracy, human rights and a sustainable economy, especially by bringing an end to intra-African conflict and creating an effective common market.

Answer 37

Cases can only be between states, both of whom have to accept the jurisdiction of the court to try the case.

Answer 38

A South African cleric and activist who rose to worldwide fame during the 1980s as an opponent of apartheid. Tutu was the first black South African Anglican Archbishop of Cape Town, South Africa. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1984.

Answer 39

Oct. 3, 1919 -- Wilson suffered a catastrophic, disabling stroke while campaigning for passage of the Versailles Treaty. The campaign was cut short and Wilson was never the same. This doomed any chance of passage of the treaty as Wilson, in this disabled state, withdrew from negotiations with Senate Republicans and refused to entertain any amendments to the treaty.

Answer 40

another term for first past the post.

Answer 41

The judicial arm of the UN; located in The Hague, it hears only cases between states.

Answer 42

A centralized world governing body with strong enforcement powers.

Answer 43

Based in Geneva, it provides technical assistance to improve health conditions in the third world and conducts major immunization campaigns.

Answer 44

World Trade Organization - the organization that replaced GATT as an organization and now implements it as a treaty.

Answer 45

Feb. 1945 â€“ Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin met face-to-face at Yalta in the U.S.S.R. to plan for the end of World War II. It was at this conference that Churchill and Roosevelt agreed to the Soviet occupation of much of Eastern Europe. Although the agreements provided for eventual free elections in the countries of Eastern Europe, the Soviets did not comply with that portion of the agreement.

Answer 46

1973: Egypt & Syria attacked Israel. No changes in territory.

Answer 47

1930 â€“ program for settlement of German reparations debts after World War I. Under the previous Dawes plan (1924), it became apparent that Germany could not meet the huge annual payments, especially over an indefinite period of time. The Young Plan â€“ which set the total reparations at $26,350,000,000 to be paid over a period of 581/2 years â€“was thus adopted by the Allied Powers in 1930,

Answer 48

1940 â€“ Franklin Roosevelt campaign promise of 1940, though he had already begun some preparations for war.

Answer 49

a two-person, two-sided game in which one player's loss is the other player's gain in equal measure.

Answer 50

The belief that Jews are a nation and that they should have an independent homeland.

Answer 51

A balance of power between nations with nuclear weapons. MAD.

Answer 52

Division of a place or country into several small political units, often unfriendly to one another.

Answer 53

Term describing any of several small nations in Latin American that have economies based on a few agricultural crops.

Answer 54

Policy of a nation that pushes a dangerous situation to the limits of safety before pulling back.

Answer 55

Lower house in Germany.

Answer 56

Exaggerated belief in the supremecy of one's nation.

Answer 57

The refusal to obey a lay out of a belief that the law is morally wrong. David Thoreau, Ghandi, Martin Luther King.

Answer 58

an alliance of political groups formed to oppose a common foe or pursue a common goal.

Answer 59

A group of nations or states in which the component states retain considerable independence.

Answer 60

A condition urged by many as a requirement for a legitimate government.

Answer 61

a form of national government in which the power of the monarch is restricted by a parliament, by law or by custom.

Answer 62

Royal court of Britain.

Answer 63

A politician who seeks to win and hold office by appeals to mass prejudice.

Answer 64

A system of government in which power is vested in the people, who rule either directly or through freely elected representatives.

Answer 65

Unlimited political rule by one person.

Answer 66

A period of lessening tension between two major national powers or a policy designed to lesson that tension.

Answer 67

Government by a singl person or bya junta or other group that is not responsible to thepeople or their elected representatives.

Answer 68

Persons who refuse to conform to prevailing political and social values.

Answer 69

An increase in the intensity of geographic scope of a war or diplomatic confrontation.

Answer 70

A religious denomination that received financial and other support from the government.

Answer 71

Voluntary departure from the nation of one's birth for permanent or prolonged residence in another nation.

Answer 72

Legal process by whih one government may obtain custody of individuals from another government in order to put them on trial.

Answer 73

a strike of all the workers in a nation or area.

Answer 74

a system of prison camps inside the former Soviety Union used for political prisoners. Under Stalin millions died in these camps.

Answer 75

a nomadic people who originated in the region between India and Iran who migrated to Europe in the 14th century.

Answer 76

A division of the UN that settles legal disputes submitted to it by member nations. Also called the World Court or the Hague.

Answer 77

Extreme and emotional nationalism, often characterized by an aggressive foreign policy, accompanied by an eagerness to wage war.

Answer 78

the UK uncle sam

Answer 79

A government generally acknolwedged as being in control of a nation and deserving formal recognition by other countries.

Answer 80

Movements that arise in developing nations to expel colonial powers.

Answer 81

An official appointed by a government or other organization to investigate complains against people in authority.

Answer 82

a vote of an entier nation or other large political unit on an issue of great importance.

Answer 83

government by the rich.

Answer 84

Massacre or persecution instigated by the government against a minority group, especially Jews.

Answer 85

a relationship between a strong sovereign nation and a weak one. The strong then controls the weak.

Answer 86

a closer approach of two groups to each other. A reconciliation

Answer 87

In diplomacy, the act by which one nation acknowledges that a foreign government is a legitimate government.

Answer 88

The restoration to favor of a political leader whose views or actions were formally considered unacceptable.

Answer 89

compensation demanded by a victorious nation from a defeated nation.

Answer 90

An act by which a nation seeks, short of war, to redress a wrong committed against it another nation.

Answer 91

Acts that incite rebellion or civil disorder against an established government.

Answer 92

An Irish political party that has long combatted Britains' influence in Ireland

Answer 93

Believed that communish should depend on cooperation amonst all nations, not domination by the Soviet Union. Opposed by Stalin.

Answer 94

spreadsheet

Answer 95

attachments

Answer 96

Mail merge wizard

Answer 97

No, it's a porn site.

Answer 98

Data: Sort

Answer 99

To copy files to a second medium (a disk or tape) as a precaution in case the first medium fails.

Answer 100

A name that identifies one or more IP addresses.

Answer 101

It allows you to simultaneously send the same message to multiple recipients.

Answer 102

interpersonal (figurehead, leader, liaison), informational (monitor, desseminator, spokesperson), decisional (entrepreneur, distrubance handler, resource-allocator, negotiator)

Answer 103

top (upper) - president, chief executive; middle - district manger, base commander; first-line (lower-level, front-line, supervisory) - foreman, head nurse

Answer 104

intelligence (gathering knowledge leading to an understanding of what decision will have to be made, etc.), design (alternative courses of actions are invented), choice (actual decision is made)

Answer 105

technical, interpersonal, conceptual

Answer 106

planning, organizing, leading, and controlling

Answer 107

planning, organizing, staffing, directing and | controlling

Answer 108

line, staff, functional, general, and administrators

Answer 109

the desire to excel or achieve in relation to a set of standards

Answer 110

the desire to control overs and have influence over them.

Answer 111

market share, productivity, profitability, innovation, resources, worker performance and morale, manager performance and development, social responsibilities

Answer 112

a process in which each criterion is compared to a standard or ranked on its own merits

Answer 113

a social responsiveness strategy in which a company accepts responsibility for a problem and does all the society expects to solve that problem

Answer 114

the specific steps, people, and resources needed to accomplish a goal

Answer 115

Establishing performance standers, Measuring performance, Comparing measured performance to established standers, Talking corrective actions

Answer 116

Foresight, Organization, Command, Coordination, Control

Answer 117

work in public and nonprofit organizations.

Answer 118

groups of concerned citizens who band together to try to influence the business practices of specific industries, businsesses and professions

Answer 119

Current policies and procedures may prescribe corrective actions. Corrective action may call for exceptions to prescribed modes of behavior – doing whatever it takes to solve the problem may require empowering employees to use their imitative, discretion and good judgment to craft a unique of creative solution. Correction may be under automatic controls; check that these controls are not malfunctioning .

Answer 120

any form on which the employer asks the candidate to provide info

Answer 121

a dispute resolution procedure in which an independent third party decides and recommends how the disagreement should be resolved

Answer 122

disagreement that focusses on individual or personal issues

Answer 123

Directive leaders who prefer to make decisions and solve problems on their own with little input from subordinates.

Answer 124

when a leader does not take advice from subbordinates

Answer 125

A leader who tended to centralize authority, dictate work methods, make unilateral decisions, and limit employee participation

Answer 126

546 A plan and control for the receipt and spending of income over a fixed period Assests= liabilities + shareholders equity

Answer 127

application to problems of industrial mgmtÂ of the reinforcement theory

Answer 128

the process of having managers and employees perform new behaviors that are central to symbolic of the new organizational culture a company wants to create

Answer 129

focus on what effective leaders did - how they behaved

Answer 130

the process of having managers and employees perform new behaviors central to the new organizational cutlrure in place of behaviors that were central to the old organizational culture

Answer 131

Leadership theories that identified behaviors that differentiated effective leaders from ineffective leader

Answer 132

Â requires job candidate's race, color, etc. may not be considered or asked about in the hiring process unless legitimately related to job

Answer 133

real-world decision-maker has his thinking limited by such things as societal and organizational norms and impracticality of obtaining all possible info about problem or alternatives

Answer 134

a decision-making method in which group members build on each others' ideas and generate many alternative solutions

Answer 135

single-use plan - plan for use of resources (usu. along w/ expected results stated in quantitative terms)

Answer 136

quantitative planning trough which mangers decide how to allocate available money to best accomplish company goals

Answer 137

the exercise of control on the basis of knowledge, expertise, or experience

Answer 138

traditional (the way it's always been done); charismatic (leader has magnetism); rational-legal (based on expertise, training, experience)

Answer 139

Bureaucracy: An ideal, intentionally rational, and very efficient form of organization. Based on principles of logic, order, and legitimate authority.

Answer 140

indices that show managers' level of confidence about future business growth

Answer 141

the degree to which a supplier relies on a buyer because of the importance of that buyer to supplier and the difficulty of finding other buyers for it products

Answer 142

information Data that have been deliberately selected, processed, and organized to be useful to an individual manager

Answer 143

guide, direct, persuade, coach, counsel and inspire others

Answer 144

Pluralism, Structural integration, Informal network integration, Absence of prejudice and discrimination, Minimum intergroup conflict.

Answer 145

An leader whose personality and actions influence people to behave in certain ways

Answer 146

saw organization as open system

Answer 147

the person over a group that is centralized IS serving the entire organization's needs placed under the control of a top-level manager and link them to top for control , coordination, and guidance.

Answer 148

full-time employment of children for work otherwise done by adults.

Answer 149

major piece of the structure of civil rights and EEO legislation; see Title VII.

Answer 150

Frenchman Henri Fayol "father of modern mgmt", first to distinguish the functions of mgmt, developed 14 principles of mgmt

Answer 151

systems that can sustain themselves without interacting with their environment

Answer 152

one you can analyze as though it is in a black box w/ impenetrable boundaries

Answer 153

based on ability to inflict punishment or deprive others of something valued

Answer 154

graphic depictions of how mangers believe environmental factors relate to possible organizational actions

Answer 155

The attitudes workers have about their work life and their work life.

Answer 156

to lead, select, and evaluate workers to get the best work toward the plan.

Answer 157

Products, Pricing, Customer service, Cost efficiency, Quality

Answer 158

a business;s purpose or reason for existing

Answer 159

a core competency that clearly sets an organization apart from competitors and gives it an advantage over them in the marketplace.

Answer 160

is a process for monitoring the competition that involves identifying competition, anticipating their moves, and determining their strengths and weaknesses

Answer 161

companies in the same industry that sell similar products or services to customers

Answer 162

an environment with many environmental factors

Answer 163

the total harm or benefit that an act produces on the average person

Answer 164

A managers ability to view the organization as a whole, understand how the various parts are interdependent, and assess how the organization relates to its external environment.

Answer 165

payoff you think would happen under condition of each of the states of nature

Answer 166

Leaders who encourage discussion about issues and then require that all parties involved agree to the final decision.

Answer 167

leadership behaviors include showing interest in the personal life and well-being of the employee, being warm and friendly, and listening to the employee's ideas

Answer 168

when a company actively defines and teaches organizational values, beliefs, and attitudes

Answer 169

Leaders who confer with subordinates before making a decision but who retain the final decision-making authority.

Answer 170

holds that there are no universal management theories and that the most effective management theory or idea depends on the kinds of problems or situations that managers are facing at a particular time and place.

Answer 171

Plans that identify alternative courses of action for very unusual or crisis situations; typically stipulate the chain of command, standard operating procedures, and communication channels the organization will use during and emergency.

Answer 172

Fred Fiedler; effectiveness of a particular leadership style depends on the situation

Answer 173

to make sure things happen according to plan and to take necessary corrective action.

Answer 174

The process of assessing the organizations progress toward accomplishing its goals; includes monitoring the implementation of a plan and correcting deviations from it.

Answer 175

making sure things are being done in a way that we want; the reverse of planning (measure/observe how much performance is deviating from plans)

Answer 176

the second level of moral development in which people make decisions that conform to societal expectations

Answer 177

to fit diverse efforts together and ensure information is shared and problems solved.

Answer 178

The set of attitudes, values, and standards that distinguishes one organization from another.

Answer 179

fiction, acts as human being

Answer 180

illegal practices that further one's business interests.

Answer 181

any systematic comparison of what a system/program or capital good will cost compared w/ revenues or benefits that will be generated

Answer 182

The degree to which followers perceive someone as honest, competent, and able to inspire

Answer 183

disagreement that focuses on problem-and issue-related differences of opinion

Answer 184

The shared set of beliefs, values, and patterns of behavior common to a group of people.

Answer 185

Customers want: High quality, Low price, On-time delivery

Answer 186

musts and NTH's ("nice to have's")

Answer 187

the process of choosing a solution from available alternatives

Answer 188

A specialized variant of a CIS an analytic model that joins a manager's experience, judgment, and intuition

Answer 189

A managers activities as an entrepreneur, resource allocator, conflict resolver, or negotiator.

Answer 190

certainty, risk, uncertainty

Answer 191

outcome or payoff for an alternative has a probability of 1.0 (few real-world examples)

Answer 192

probability of event is known or can be estimated - can be assigned a value from 0 to 1.0

Answer 193

probability of event unknown, cannot be estimated

Answer 194

a social responsiveness strategy in which a company does less than society expects

Answer 195

an approach to technological forecasting; used w/ expert respondents in the field of interest; getting individuals to state their judgments, review them, and make a final judgment about some question

Answer 196

a decision-making method in which members of a panel of experts respond to questions and to each other until reaching agreement on an issue

Answer 197

Leaders who solicit input from all members of the group and then allow the members to make the final decision through a vote.

Answer 198

A leader who tended to involve employees in decision making, delegate authority, encourage participation in deciding work methods and goals, and use feedback as an opportunity for coaching employees

Answer 199

focus on critical control points, integration, acceptability, timeliness, feasibility, accuracy and comprehensibility.

Answer 200

a decision-making method in which an individual or a sub group is assigned the role of a critic

Answer 201

e.g. building a hotel in another country

Answer 202

guiding and influencing people to seek organizational objectives

Answer 203

House's Path-Goal theory; used in complex, non-routine jobs

Answer 204

the expectation that a company will voluntarily serve a social role beyond its economic, legal and ethical responsibilities

Answer 205

the informational role managers play when they share information with others in their departments or companies

Answer 206

short-term goals or subgoals

Answer 207

the decisional role managers play when they respond to sever problems that demand immediate action

Answer 208

Describes differences among people at work.How diversity is handled in the workplace reflects the organization's culture

Answer 209

an environment in which the rate of change is fast

Answer 210

uses variety of methods to predict general levels of economic activity for a locality, region, country or the whole world

Answer 211

the expectation that a company will make a profit by producing a valued product or service

Answer 212

getting work done with a minimum of effort, expense, or waste

Answer 213

a decision-making method in which group members use computers to build on each others' ideas and generate many alternative solutions

Answer 214

Stories, Heroes, Rites and rituals, Symbols

Answer 215

Hawthorne Studies, Human Relations Mvt, Behavioral Approach

Answer 216

employee theft of company merchandise

Answer 217

The process of giving employees increased autonomy and discretion to make decision. as well as control over the resources needed to implement those decisions.

Answer 218

the decisional role managers play when they adapt themselves, their subordinates, and their units to change

Answer 219

the rate at which a company's general and specific environments change

Answer 220

the number of external factors in the environment that affect organizations

Answer 221

searching the environment for important events or issues that might affect an organization

Answer 222

refers to legislation and governmental and org. policies that require that all persons have the same treatment

Answer 223

men and women performing the same work must get the same pay

Answer 224

Â people try to maintain or est. an equality b/w their own ratio of what they put in to a job vs. what they get out of it [I/O (self) = I/O (other)]

Answer 225

a motivation category that uses three types of needs, existence, relatedness and growth needs.

Answer 226

est. standards for company retirement plans

Answer 227

behavior that conforms to a society;s accepted principles of right and wrong

Answer 228

the degree of concern people have about an ethical issue

Answer 229

Corruption, Sweatshops, Child labor, Sustainable development

Answer 230

a company's social responsibility nnot to violate accepted principles of right and wrong when conducting its business

Answer 231

the set of moral principles or values that defines right and wrong for a person or group

Answer 232

Structured programs that help participants to understand ethical aspects of decision making. Helps people incorporate high ethical standards into daily life.

Answer 233

fear of what others will think of your ideas

Answer 234

once procedures, policies, and other plans have been est. and are working, mgmt should focus on the exceptions where performance does not meet standards

Answer 235

the need related to a person's well being

Answer 236

conditional value of alternative times probability of state of nature

Answer 237

method of sales forecasting; asking marketing executives what they expect will happen

Answer 238

Power that is derived from an individuals extensive knowledge in one or more areas.

Answer 239

all events outside a company that have the potential to influence or affect it

Answer 240

A control that prevents defects and deviations from standards by focusing on operations before they begin

Answer 241

A contigency theory that proposed that effective group performance depended upon the proper match between a leader's style of interacting with his or her followers and the degree to which the situation allowed the leader to control and influence

Answer 242

the interpersonal role managers play when they perform ceremonial duties

Answer 243

scientific study of work - use systematic procedures, gather info, est. method of performance

Answer 244

managers who train and supervise the performance of non managerial employees who are directly responsible for producing the company's products or services

Answer 245

early step in planning process; est. premises or assumptions on which plans will be based

Answer 246

to complete a plan of action for the future.

Answer 247

work to be divided b/w mgmt and workers

Answer 248

Scientific Mgmt, "One Best Way", Science of Bricklaying

Answer 249

"Father of Scientific Mgmt"

Answer 250

when a leader asks his friends and subordinates to take over his leadership position, is characterized by delegation, and his willingness to give advice.

Answer 251

A leadership style in which the leader turns over all authority and control to subordinates.

Answer 252

Hawthorne Studies, Behavioral Approach, Human Relations

Answer 253

are responsible for a single area of activity.

Answer 254

a graphic chart that shows tasks must be completed at which times in order to complete a project or task

Answer 255

the economic, technological, sociocultural, and political trends that indirectly affect all organizations

Answer 256

are responsible for more complex units that include many functional areas.

Answer 257

sells a single product all over the world

Answer 258

A managers ability to operate in diverse culture environments.

Answer 259

Planning, organizing, leading and staffing

Answer 260

people work harder to achieve goals that are specific, accepted by them, and challenging

Answer 261

Â desired end states

Answer 262

a barrier to good decision making caused by pressure within a group for members to agree with each other

Answer 263

needs that relate to a person's achievement and competence.

Answer 264

Some things satisfied some workers but not others. People restricted output to adhere to group norms.

Answer 265

Social and human concerns are keys to productivity. Hawthorne effect — people who are singled out for special attention perform as expected.

Answer 266

Classical Approach, Functions of Mgmt, 14 Principles of Mgmt, "Father of Modern Mgmt"

Answer 267

Scientific Mgmt, Gantt Charts for Scheduling

Answer 268

Mangerial Roles - Interpersonal, Informational, Decisional

Answer 269

adminstrative man model of decision-making; 3 phases of decision making (Nobel prize winner)

Answer 270

extrinsic to work (working conditions, company policy, supervision, pay, benefits); keep employee from quitting (do not motivate exceptional performance

Answer 271

recognition, responsibility, achievement, etc., intrinsic

Answer 272

motivators lead to extraordinary job performance while hygiene factors keep employee showing up and doing the minimum necessary

Answer 273

planning flows in a top-down sequence from overall vision to more specific detailed level of plans

Answer 274

A leader high in both initiating structure and consideration behaviors

Answer 275

Hawthorne studies

Answer 276

a managers interpersonal skills that are used to accomplish goals through the use of human resources.

Answer 277

the ability to work well with other

Answer 278

Computer operations, System programming, Data entry, Application development, Application maintenance, data management, Communication management End-user computing

Answer 279

regulations and rules that govern the business practices and procedures of specific industries, businesses, and professions

Answer 280

viewed as the essence or equivalent of leadership by some; ability to get others to do something desired by the person doing the influencing

Answer 281

A managers activities as an information gatherer, information disseminator, or spokesperson for the company.

Answer 282

involves giving direction and orders, clarifying jobs and roles, explaining objectives and pressuring subordinates for task performance

Answer 283

introduction of things that are new - technology, methods, ideas, and new products and services

Answer 284

an approach to dealing with conflict in which both parties deal with the conflict by indicating their preferences and hen working together to find an alternative that meets the needs of both

Answer 285

the events and trends inside an organization that affect management, employees, and organizaional cutlture

Answer 286

A mangers activities as a figurehead, company leader, or liaison.

Answer 287

(horizontally)Â addding duties of a similar level of skill at the same organizational level (horizontal loading)

Answer 288

(vertically)Â redesigning jobs to hold more motivator factors; implies increasing the depth of the job by giving it planning and controlling elements

Answer 289

Protect reputation for quality products. Treat customers right.

Answer 290

A leader who generally gave the group complete freedom to make decisions and complete the work in whatever way it saw fit

Answer 291

attempted to eliminate racketeering from org. labor, to promote union democracy and self-government, and to provide for closer supervision by the Federal gov.

Answer 292

Legal behavior is not necessarily ethical behavior. Personal values help determine individual ethical behavior: Terminal values and Instrumental values

Answer 293

Someone who can influence others and who has managerial authority

Answer 294

A leadership contingency model that related leadership behavior and participation in decision making

Answer 295

the interpersonal role managers play when they motivate and encourage workers to accomplish organizational objectives

Answer 296

One of Fiedler's situational contingencies that described the degree of confidence, trust, and respect employees had for their leader

Answer 297

The process of guiding and motivating others toward the achievement of organizational goals.

Answer 298

Social skills,cleverness, creativity, diplomacy,tact, fluency in speaking,knowledge about group task, organizational ability, and persuasiveness.

Answer 299

The relatively consistent way in which individuals in leadership positions attempt to influence the behaviour of others.

Answer 300

Uses fines, termination and suspensions to motivate people

Answer 301

rewards praises and promotion are the approach that a posetive leader takes

Answer 302

inspiring people to work hard to acheive high performance

Answer 303

Inspiring and motivating workers to work hard to achieve organizational goals

Answer 304

Organizations that are able to continually learn and adapt to new circumstances.

Answer 305

Mental models, Personal mastery, Systems thinking, Shared vision, Team learning

Answer 306

a company's social responsibility to obey society's laws and regulations

Answer 307

Power that is derived from and individuals position in an organization.

Answer 308

the interpersonal role managers play when they deal with people outside their units

Answer 309

are responsible for work activities that directly affect organization's outputs.

Answer 310

covering a period of more than one year into the future

Answer 311

the total harm or benefit derived from an ethical decision

Answer 312

The Process of guiding the development, maintenance, and allocation of resources to attain organizational goals.

Answer 313

a four-step process in which manger and employees discuss and select goals develop tactical plans and meet regularly to review progress toward goal accomplishment. brings planning process down to the individual; Peter Drucker; judge employee performance on basis of results rather than telling him or her what to do every step of the way

Answer 314

deal w/ a critical aspect of the firm - quality of mgmt and continuous availability and updating of managerial competence

Answer 315

A grid of two leadership behaviors - concern for people and concern for production - which resulted in five different leadership styles

Answer 316

asking customers what they think

Answer 317

the enterprise's proportion or percentage of total sales in a region, country, or the world

Answer 318

fourth level; needs for recognition and respect

Answer 319

physical, servival, social, esteem, and self realization needs

Answer 320

human needs arranged in 5 groups in a hierarchy of pre-potency (lower needs must be satisfied first)

Answer 321

lowest level; hunger, thirst

Answer 322

second level; physical safety, health, job security

Answer 323

fifth (top) level; become what you are capable of becoming

Answer 324

third level; love (friendship, conversation, etc.)

Answer 325

choosing the best alternative

Answer 326

The desire for friendship, affiliation and close interpersonal relationships.

Answer 327

an advocacy group tactic that involves framing issues as public issues

Answer 328

Managers who design and carry out tactical plans in specific areas of the company.

Answer 329

a statement of a company's overall goal that unifies company-wide efforts toward its vision, stretches and challenges the organization, and processes a finish line and a time frame

Answer 330

A formal document that states and organizations purpose and reason for existing; and describes its basic philosophy.

Answer 331

the informational role managers play when they scan their environment for information

Answer 332

breaking each task or job into its separate motions and then eliminating those that are unnecessary or repetitive

Answer 333

an assessment of how enthusiastic employees are about managing the work of others

Answer 334

responsibiltiy, opportunities for professional growth, achievement and recognition

Answer 335

the decisional role managers play when they negotiate schedules, projects, goals, outcomes, resources, and employee raises

Answer 336

a decision-making method that begins and ends by having group members quietly write down and evaluate ideas to be shared with the group

Answer 337

Responses to infrequent, unforeseen, or very unusual problems and opportunities, where the manager does not have a precedent to follow in decision-making.

Answer 338

Is best when their are twelve and under members.

Answer 339

Planning, Organizing, Leading and Staffing

Answer 340

results, attainments, or accomplishments used as the end points for plans and actions (narrower than a goal)

Answer 341

systems that can sustain themselves only by interacting with their environment, on which they depend for their survival

Answer 342

provides the detailed plans and assignments of responsibilities and authority required to execute strategic plans

Answer 343

a transaction in which one party in the relationship benefits at the expense of the other

Answer 344

strategy of mythical rational-economic man who knows all

Answer 345

maintaining flexibility by making small, simultaneous investments in many alternative plans

Answer 346

to provide and mobilize resources to implement the plan.

Answer 347

the system of shared beliefs and values that develops within an organization and guides the behavior of its members.

Answer 348

The process of coordinating and allocating a firms resources to carry out its plans.

Answer 349

dividing work, grouping resources, est. structure of authority/responsibility, devising means for coordination of parts

Answer 350

determines what tasks will have to be done to accomplish objectives, how they will be grouped, and how positions relate to each other

Answer 351

est. standards for health/safety at work, provides for their administration by Occupational Safety and Health Administration (also OSHA)

Answer 352

a written test that estimates job applicants' honesty by directly asking them what they think or feel about theft or about punishment of unethical behaviors

Answer 353

A leadership style in which the leader shares decision-making with group members and encourages discussion of issues and alternatives; includes democratic, consensual, and consultative styles.

Answer 354

A leadership theory that says it's the leader's job to assist his or her followers in attaining their goals

Answer 355

Â tabular display of 2 or more strategies or choices; conditional values of each under 2 or more possible states of nature; probabilities of these states of nature, resulting expected values; and total expected value

Answer 356

hostile or aggressive behavior toward othera

Answer 357

a written test that indirectly estimates job applicants; honesty by measuring psychological traits, such as dependability and conscientiousness

Answer 358

choosing a goal and developing a strategy to achieve that goal

Answer 359

est. goals, identify problems, find | solutions, decide b/w alternatives, etc.

Answer 360

a standing plan that indicated the general course of action that should be taken in response to a particular event or situation

Answer 361

using one's influences to harm others in the company

Answer 362

Language, Interpersonal space, Time orientation, Religion, Contracts and agreements

Answer 363

e.g. buying stock in companies from other countries

Answer 364

One of Fiedler's situational contingencies that described the degree of influence a leader had over power-based activities such as hiring, firing, discipline, promotions, and salary increases

Answer 365

an event which follows behavior and increases the likelihood that it will occur again

Answer 366

the third level of moral development in which people make decisions based on internalized principles

Answer 367

The ability to influence others to behave in a particular way.

Answer 368

the first level of moral development in which people make decisions based on selfish resons

Answer 369

refers to forecasts about the future environment which serve as the assumptions on which planning is based

Answer 370

planning must occur before other mgmt | functions can take place

Answer 371

any group on which an organization relies for its long-term survival

Answer 372

an ethical principle that holds that you should never take any action that harms the least fortunate among us

Answer 373

an ethical principle that holds that you should never take any action that violates the law, for the law represents the minimal moral standard

Answer 374

an ethical principle that holds that you should never take any action that infringes on others; agreed-upon rights

Answer 375

an ethical principle that holds that you should never take any action that is not in you or your organizations long term self-interest

Answer 376

an ethical principle that holds that you should never do anything that is not honest, open, and truthful

Answer 377

an ethical principle that holds that you should never take any action that is not kind and that does not build a sense of community

Answer 378

an ethical principle that holds that you should never take any action that does not result in greater good for society

Answer 379

a social responsiveness strategy in which a company anticipates responsibility for a problem before it occurs and does more than society expects to address the problem

Answer 380

the chance that something will happen and then harm other

Answer 381

a gap between a desired state and an existing state

Answer 382

part of planning process in which problems are defined, understanding of cause-and-effect relationships is acquired, and alternative courses of action are identified

Answer 383

a standing plan that indicates the specific steps that should be taken in response to a particular event

Answer 384

an advocacy group tactic that involves protesting a company's action by convincing consumers not to purchase its products or service

Answer 385

a disadvantage of face-to-face brainstorming in which a group member must wait to share an idea because another member is presenting an idea

Answer 386

unethical behavior that hurts the quality and quantity of work produced

Answer 387

output divided by input; determinants include efficiency of labor, technology and capital, and competence of mgmt

Answer 388

(goes beyond dollars) - the benefit resulting from an activity

Answer 389

Decisions made in response to frequently occurring routine situations.

Answer 390

single-use plans - broad, long-term, covering specified time period (e.g. putting a man on the moon)

Answer 391

single-use plans - shorter time span, narrowly focused; bring people together to accomplish a task (e.g. moving furniture)

Answer 392

unethical behavior aimed at the organization;s property or products

Answer 393

short- term goals or subgoals

Answer 394

the social, psychological, cultural, or physical distance between a decision make and those affected by his or her decisions

Answer 395

an advocacy group tactic that relies on voluntary participation by the news media and the advertising industry to get the advocacy group's message out

Answer 396

factors in a work environment that are negative or positive that affect an inviduals work life, well being and job satisfaction.

Answer 397

a group of members whos work pace is significantly faster than the normal

Answer 398

a systematic process of defining problems, evaluating alternatives, and choosing optimal solutions

Answer 399

Unprocessed facts and figures

Answer 400

a social responsiveness strategy in which a company does less than society expects

Answer 401

The extent to which people have the ability and willingness to accomplish a specific task

Answer 402

part of staffing function; attracting job candidates to the org. so that they may go through the selection process

Answer 403

Â based on the follower's liking, admiration or respect for the leader

Answer 404

Power that is derived from an individuals personal charisma and the respect and/or admiration the individual inspires.

Answer 405

Â refers to learning theory and similar behavioristic approaches to understanding and controlling behavior

Answer 406

are the need to relate to people

Answer 407

mutually beneficial, long-term exchanges between buyers and suppliers

Answer 408

a process in which each criterion is compared directly to every other

Answer 409

the decisional role managers play when they decide who gets what resources

Answer 410

the abundance or shortage of critical organizational resources in an organization's external environment

Answer 411

include capital, physical plant and equipment

Answer 412

an obligation to complete a task or achieve some goal

Answer 413

The power a leader has because of his or her ability to give positive benefits or rewards

Answer 414

conflicting expectations of job behavior held

Answer 415

a long-range plan that is updated periodically and extended again

Answer 416

standing plan - prescribes or prohibits behavior in specific terms

Answer 417

standing plans that describe how a particular action should be preformed or what must happen or not happen in response to a particular event

Answer 418

includes the predicted demand for the goods and services provided by the organization; of vital importance for operational and production planning

Answer 419

accepts soln that meets his criteria, not necessarily the best possible soln

Answer 420

choosing a "good enough" alternative

Answer 421

Fayol - should be a single, clear, and unbroken line of authority from the top of the organization to each subordinate position

Answer 422

select workers systematically and scientifically

Answer 423

any group that can influence or be influenced by a company and can affect public perceptions about its socially responsible behavior

Answer 424

Â part of staffing function; gather info about candidates, choosing those who meet the org.'s criteria

Answer 425

ideas of what is right and equitable and fair

Answer 426

a view of social responsibility that holds that an organization's overriding goal should be to maximize profit for the benefit of shareholders

Answer 427

an environment with few environmental factors

Answer 428

plans that coer unique, one-time-only events

Answer 429

A leadership theory that focuses on followers readiness

Answer 430

a cushion of extra resources that can be used with options-based planning to adapt to unanticipated change, problems, o opportunities

Answer 431

goals that are specific measurable attainable, realistic and timely

Answer 432

agreement on whether behavior is bad or good

Answer 433

include obligation to perform the organization's primary function (e.g. make a profit), but to do so in a way that does not have harmful side effects to society

Answer 434

refers to a company;s strategy for responding to stakeholders' economic, legal, ethical, or discretionary expectations concerning social responsibility

Answer 435

when workers deliberately slow their pace or restrict their work outputs

Answer 436

there is a limit to the number of subordinates a single person can supervise

Answer 437

dividing the work into very simple or basic tasks

Answer 438

the customers, competitors, suppliers, industry, regulations, and advocacy groups that are unique to an industry and directly affect how a company does business

Answer 439

the informational role managers play when they share information with people outside their departments or companies

Answer 440

an environment in which the rate of change is slow

Answer 441

use technical expertise to advise and support the efforts of line workers.

Answer 442

provides the right people to fill the structure designed by the organizing function. human resources (personnel) mgmt

Answer 443

same as personnel process; includes manpower planning, recruitment, selection, orientation, training, etc.

Answer 444

Confusion, Small victories, The honeymoon, Irritation and anger, Reality

Answer 445

the stage where the members are becoming aquainted

Answer 446

The stage where the team is unified, and focused and all problems are resolved.

Answer 447

phase of team development in which team members progress toward team objectives , handle problems, coordinate work , and confront each other if necessary.

Answer 448

the stage where the teams development starts happening through personality conflict and personality issues

Answer 449

Those persons, groups, and other organizations directly affected by the behavior of the organization and holding a stake in its performance:Employees, Customers, Suppliers, Owners, Competitors, Regulators, Interest groups.

Answer 450

a theory of corporate responsibility that holds that management's most important responsibility, long-term survival, is achieved by satisfying the interests of multiple corporate stakeholders

Answer 451

persons or groups with a "stake" or legitimate interest in a company's action

Answer 452

plans used repeatedly to handle frequently recurring events

Answer 453

Â future environmental conditions which are listed and assigned a probability in a payoff matrix

Answer 454

use of regression analysis, or correlations b/w variables, to predict one from the other (e.g. to predict housing starts from marriages)