Formulas and Calculations Flashcards
1
Q
1 tsp = ___ mL
A
5
2
Q
1 oz = ___ ml
A
29.57
3
Q
1 cup = ___ oz
A
8
4
Q
1 cup = ___ mL
A
236.56
5
Q
1 pint = ___ fluid oz
A
16
6
Q
1 pint = ___ mL
A
473
7
Q
1 quart = ___ pints
A
2
8
Q
1 quart = ___ mL
A
946
9
Q
1 gallon = ___ quarts
A
4
10
Q
1 gallon = ___ mL
A
3785
11
Q
1 kg = ___ pounds
A
2.2
12
Q
1 oz = ___ grams
A
28.4
13
Q
1 lb = ___ grams
A
454
14
Q
1 grain = ___ mg
A
64.8
15
Q
1 inch = ___ cm
A
2.54
16
Q
1 meter = ___ cm
A
100
17
Q
Calculation for percentage strength w/v
A
100 mL
18
Q
Calculation for percentage strength w/w
A
100 grams
19
Q
Calculation for percentage strength v/v
A
100 mL
20
Q
Percentage strength =
A
Ratio strength
21
Q
Ratio strength =
A
percentage strength
22
Q
How to change PPM to percentage strenght?
10 ppm
A
Move the decimal left 4 places
0.001%
23
Q
Specific gravity equation
A
weight of equal volume of water (grams or mL)
24
Q
Q1 x C1 =
A
Q2 x C2
25
Osmolarity calculation
mOsmol/L = (weight of substance (g/L)/MW (g/mol)) x # of particles x 1,000
26
Isotonicity equation
E = [58.5(i)]/[MW of drug x 1.8]
27
mol calculation
gram
---------------
MW
28
mEq calculation
mg x valence/MW
OR
mmol x valence
29
How many calories is a gram of enteral carbs?
4 kcal
30
How many calories is a gram of enteral protein?
4 kcal
31
How many calories is a gram of enteral fat?
9 kcal
32
How many calories is a gram of parenteral dextrose monohydrate?
3.4 kcal
33
How many calories is a gram of parenteral amino acid solutions
4 kcal
34
How many calories is a mL of parenteral intravenous lipid emulsion 10%
1.1 kcal
35
How many calories is a mL of parenteral intravenous lipid emulsion 20%
2 kcal
36
How many calories is a mL of parenteral intravenous lipid emulsion 30%
3 kcal
37
Calculation for determining fluid needs
1500 mL + [20mL x (weight in kg-20)]
38
Corrected calcium calculation
Serum calcium + [(4.0-albumin) x 0.8]
39
Total energy expenditure (TEE) calculation
Basal energy expenditure (BEE) x activity factor x stress factor
40
Grams of nitrogen from protein calculation
protein intake (grams)
- --------------------------------
6. 25
41
BMI calculation
weight (kg)
----------------
height (m)^2
42
Anion gap calculation
Na - Cl - HCO3
43
pH calculation for weak acid
pH = pKa + log (salt/acid)
44
pH calculation for weak base
pH = pKa + log (base/salt)
45
Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) calculation
WBC x [(%segs + %bands)/100]
46
Celsius calculation
(F-32)/1.8
47
Fahrenheit calculation
Cx1.8 + 32
48
Time to burn with sunscreen calculation
SPF x Time to burn without sunscreen
49
Risk calculation
Number of subjects in group with an unfavorable event
----------------------------
Total number of subjects in a group
50
Relative risk (RR) calculation
Risk in treatment group
-------------------
Risk in control group
51
Relative risk reduction (RRR) calculation
%risk control group - %risk in treatment group
---------------------------
%risk in the control group
52
Absolute risk reduction (ARR) calculation
%risk in control group - % risk in treatment group
53
Number needed to treat/harm calculation
1
------------
Absolute risk reduction (decimal)
54
Hazard ratio calculation
Hazard rate in the treatment group
------------------
Hazard rate in control group
55
Sensitivity calculation
tested positive with condition X 100
--------------------------------
total # with condition
56
Specificity calculation
tested negative with no condition X 100
------------------------
total with no condition
57
Total daily dose of insulin calculation
0.5 units/kg/day X TBW
1/2 basal and 1/2 rapid OR
2/3 NPH and 1/3 rapid
Split rapid among meals
58
Insulin to carbohydrate ratio calculation
| Rapid-acting insulin
500/total daily dose of insulin = grams of carbs covered by 1 unit rapid acting insulin
59
Insulin to carbohydrate ratio calculation
| Regular insulin
450/total daily dose of insulin = grams of carbs covered by 1 unit regular insulin
60
Correction factor for rapid acting insulin
1800/total daily dose of insulin = correction factor for 1 unit of rapid-acting insulin
61
Correction factor for regular insulin
1500/total daily dose of insulin = correction factor for 1 unit of regular insulin
62
Correction dose calculation
BG now - BG target
------------------
correction factor
63
LDL calculation
TC - HDL - (TG/5)
| *Do not use if TG>400
64
Minimum weighable quantity (MWQ)
sensitivity requirement
- -----------
0. 05
65
BSA calculation
Square root of:
Ht (cm) x Wt (kg)
-----------
3600
66
Bioavailability calculation (F%)
100 x (AUC extravascular/AUC intravascular) x (dose intravenous.dose extravascular)
67
Volume distribution (Vd) calculation
Amount of drug in body
------------
concentration of drug in plasm
68
Clearance calculation (Cl)
(F x dose)/AUC
OR
Vd x ke
69
Elimination rate constant (ke) calculation
Cl/Vd
70
Half life calculation
t1/2 = 0.693/ke
71
Loading dose calculation
desired concentration x Vd
--------------
F
72
Corrected Phenytoin concentration
Total phenytoin measured
- ---------------
(0. 2 x albumin)+0.1
73
KCl 10% = _____ meq/___mL
20mEq/15mL
74
Calcium carbonate = _____% elemental calcium
40%
75
Calcium citrate = _____% elemental calcium
21%
76
Aminophylline to Theophylline calculation
ATM
| Amino to Theo, Multiply by 0.8
77
Furosemide IV:PO conversion
IV:PO
1:2
78
Metoprolol IV:PO conversion
IV:PO
1:2.5
79
Ferrous sulfate = _____% elemental iron
20%
80
Levothyroxine IV:PO conversion
IV:PO
| 0.75:1
81
How many mmol = mEq of monovalent and divalent ions?
1 mEq = 1mmol of monovalent ions
| 1 mEq = 0.5mmol of divalent ions
82
How many mL in 1 tablespoon?
15 mL
83
What is the order of operations
```
PEMDAS
Parenthesis
Exponents
Multiplication
Division
Addition
Subtraction
```
84
How many particles does the following compound dissociate into?
Dextrose
1
85
How many particles does the following compound dissociate into?
Mannitol
1
86
```
How many particles does the following compound dissociate into?
Potassium chloride (KCl)
```
2
87
```
How many particles does the following compound dissociate into?
Sodium chloride (NaCl)
```
2
88
```
How many particles does the following compound dissociate into?
Sodium acetate (NaC2H3O2)
```
2
89
```
How many particles does the following compound dissociate into?
Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4)
```
2
90
```
How many particles does the following compound dissociate into?
Calcium Chloride (CaCl2)
```
3
91
```
How many particles does the following compound dissociate into?
Sodium citrate (Na3C6H5O7)
```
4
92
```
What is the dissociation factor for compounds that dissociated into ___ ions
1
2
3
4
5
```
```
1 = 1
2 = 1.8
3 = 2.6
4 = 3.4
5 = 4.2
```
Start with 1 then add 0.8 (indicates 80% dissociated)
93
```
What is the valence of
Ammonium Chloride (NH4Cl)
```
1
94
```
What is the valence of
Potassium Chloride (KCl)
```
1
95
```
What is the valence of
Potassium gluconate (KC6H11O7)
```
1
96
```
What is the valence of
Sodium acetate (NaC2H3O2)
```
1
97
```
What is the valence of
Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3)
```
1
98
```
What is the valence of
Sodium Chloride (NaCl)
```
1
99
```
What is the valence of
Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)
```
2
100
```
What is the valence of
Calcium chloride (CaCl20
```
2
101
```
What is the valence of
Ferrous Sulfate (FeSO4)
```
2
102
```
What is the valence of
Lithium carbonate (Li2CO3)
```
2
103
```
What is the valence of
Magnesium Sulfate (MgSO4)
```
2
104
What is an appropriate estimate of BEE for patients?
15-25 kcal/kg/day
| Actual BEE calculation is super long
105
What are the protein requirements for
Ambulatory, non-hospitalized
Hospitalized or malnourished
Amb: 0.8-1 g/kg/d
Hosp: 1.2-2 g/kg/d
106
What parenteral nutrition is measured in g/mL and what is measured in kcal/mL?
Protein and carbs - g/mL
| Lipids - kcal/mL
107
What are the component of an arterial blood gas?
pH/pCO2/pO2/HCO3/O2 Sat
