Fluid therapy and blood products Flashcards
Heparin action
binds to antithrombin, which subsequently accelerates the interaction between antithrombin and activated factor X or thrombin thus halting the coagulation cascade.
Hyperkalemia treatment
dextrose, insulin, sodium bicarbonate, calcium gluconate (extra cellular movement)
Hypertonic saline shock dose
5 ml/kg
Isotonic crystalloid total and initial shock dose in cat
total 40-60 ml/kg, start with 10-15ml/kg over 15 minutes
Isotonic crystalloid total and initial shock dose in dog
total 90 ml/kg. 1/4 to 1/3 of this volume should be administered initially and the patient reassessed.
Oxygen saturation of ~95% correlates with what PaO2?
corresponds to 80 mm Hg oxygen in arterial blood
Oxygen saturation of 90% correlates to what pao2?
corresponds to 60 mm Hg oxygen in arterial blood
Oxygen saturation of ~50% correlates to what PaO2?
corresponds to 30 mm Hg oxygen in arterial blood
Oxygen saturation of 98-100% correlates to what PaO2?
corresponds to >100 mm Hg oxygen in arterial blood
Potassium infusion rate max is
maximum rate of infusion is 0.5 mEq/kg/hr. Administering potassium more rapidly than this can result in fatal arrhythmias.
Synthetic colloid shock dose in cat
5-10 ml/kg
Synthetic colloid shock dose in dog
10-20 ml/kg
Urethral obstruction in cat
Calcium gluconate will serve to immediately counter the effects of hyperkalemia-induced bradycardia and cardiovascular collapse in the cat with urethral obstruction.
Sodium Bicarbonate for Base Deficit
0.3-0.4 x BW x Base Deficit. Base deficit is the amount of base that you would need to add to a solution to achieve a pH of 7.4. In practice, you may choose to fix only part (often half) of the total calculated bicarbonate and reassess.
