Fluid, Cardia, Diuretics (quiz)

Question 1

T/F Potassium is the most abundant and important extracellular ion.

Answer 1

False - Potassium is an intracellular ion

Question 2

T/F Potassium greatly affects cardiac and nerve function.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The fluid found within the body is composed of (IC) fluid and (EC) fluid.

Answer 3

IC = Intracellular EF= Extracellular

Question 4

A hypotonic solution will cause a cell to do what?

Answer 4

Swell and burst.

Question 5

Electrolytes are molecules that dissociate in water and are made up of what two things?

Answer 5

Cations & Anions

Question 6

A low H+ concentration or high pH is termed what?

Answer 6

Alkalosis

Question 7

List 5 reasons for fluid therapy

Answer 7

Dehydration, Hypovolemia, Electrolyte imbalance, nutrition, anemia

Question 8

What is an isotonic solution?

Answer 8

A balanced solution, same concentration of ions.

example: Normal saline

Question 9

What are the signs of fluid overload. List at least 3

Answer 9

Restlessness, Hyperpnea, serious nasal discharge, pitting edema, chemosis

Question 10

What are the differences between crystalloids and colloids? 2 examples of each

Answer 10

Crystalloids - smaller molecule and pass through membranes (Normosol R & LRS)
Colloids - larger molecule and will stay in vascular space (Plasma & whole blood)

Question 11

T/F Beta 1 receptors are located on the heart and are responsible for dilation of the blood vessels.

Answer 11

False - increases strength and rate of heart

Question 12

T/F The QRS complex is the electrical recording of the repolarization of the ventricles.

Answer 12

False - depolarization

Question 13

T/F Chrontropic drugs, positive or negative, have to do with the rate of heart contractions.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Which of the following is classified as an osmotic diuretic:
A. Furosimide C. Mannitol
B. Asprin D. Lasix

Answer 14

Mannitol - used with head trauma. Removes water simply through osmosis

Question 15

Nitroglycerin is given primarily to achieve which of the following effects?
A. Vasodilator C. antiarrhythmetic
B. Vasoconstriction D. bradycardia

Answer 15

Vasodilator

Question 16

Drugs classified as ACE inhibitors have what type of effect on the body?
A. Bronchodilation C. Increase str of contraction
B. vasodilation D. increase heart rate

Answer 16

Vasodilators

Question 17

The diuretic drug used most commonly in patients with congestive heart failure is:
A. Mannitol C. Lidocaine
B. Furosemide D. Epinephrine

Answer 17

Furosemide - Lasix

Question 18

Catecholamines (norepinepharine, epinapharine) are the body’s natural
A. diuretics C. positive inotropes
V. vasocontrictors D. enimas

Answer 18

Positive inotropes

Question 19

The body has how much fluid?

Answer 19

60-75%

Question 20

What is the most important and abundant ECF ion?

Answer 20

Sodium (Na+)

Question 21

What is the primary ICF ion?

Answer 21

Potassium (K+)

Question 22

Stimulation of the alpha-1 receptors are responsible for what action?

Answer 22

vasoconstriction

Question 23

Stimulation of the beta-1 receptors are responsible for what action?

Answer 23

vasodilation

Question 24

What is cardiac output?

Answer 24

Helps maintain blood pressure. Stroke volume x heart rate

Question 25

SA node location

Answer 25

Right atrium

Question 26

What does the P wave represent?

Answer 26

Atrial depolarization

Question 27

Repolarization of the ventricles is represented by what wave?

Answer 27

T wave