Anti-inflammatory & Locals Flashcards
What is inflammation?
A process resulting from tissue injury due to physical, chemical, or biologic trauma.
What is the point of inflammation?
To remove or wall-off the cause of the injury
To repair or replace the damaged tissue
What are the clinical manifestations of inflammation
Heat, Redness, Swelling, Pain, Loss of function
What chemicals are released after cell damage
Prostaglandins
Leukotrienes
Thromboxanes
Histamine
Cytokines
What are the first responses in Inflammation?
Increased blood flow/perfusion
Dilution of offendng agent (serum)
Fibrin to immobize agent
Phagocytic cells to get rid of agent
Cyclooxygenase
An enzyme in the inflammatory cascade
Responsible formaking prostaglandins
Cyclooxygenase has two forms. What are they?
Cox-1: maintains physiologic functions (renal blood flow, stimulate gastric mucosal protection) GOOD
Cox-2: mediates inflammation and pain BAD
What is the definition of pain?
An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage.
Pain can be classified into two types. What are they?
Adaptive and Maladaptive
What areas of the brain are responsible for pain interpretation?
Crebrum
Thalamus
Medulla
How can fever be an important indicator of disease?
Chemical mediators released by damaged cells can cause fever.
How can a fever serve a purpose?
Destruction of the invading virus or bacteria by heat activation.
What is a pyrogen?
A substance which can induce fever
Where do exogenous pyrogens come from?
From outside the body - viruses and bacteria
Where do endogenous pyrogens come from?
From inside the body - chemical mediators (protaglandins)
