Flashcards - Embryo
Patau syndrome
cleft lip, polydactyly, rocker bottom feet
branchial apparatus
CAP - clefts (ectoderm) - arches (mesoderm, neural crest) - pouches (endoderm)
First Aortic/Pharyngeal
part of maxillary artery
Second aortic arch
hyoid artery, stapedial artery
Third aortic arch
common carotid artery, proximal internal carotid artery
Fourth aortic arch
left - aortic arch; right - proximal right subclavian artery
Sixth aortic arch
proximal pulmonary arteries; left - ductus arteriosus
1st branchial arch
M’s - Meckel cartilage, Mandible, Malleus, incus, spheno-Mandibular ligament - Muscles of Mastication (temporalis, Masseter, lateral/Medial pterygoids), mylohoid, tensor tympani - Nerves V2 and V3
2nd branchial arch
S’s - Stapes, Styloid, Stylohyoid ligament, lesser horn of hyoid - Stapedius, Stylohyoid, platySma - Nerve VII
3rd branchial arch
greater horn of hyoid - stylopharyngeus - Nerve IX (glossopharyngeal)
4th branchial arch
thyroid, cricoid - pharyngeal constrictors, cricothyroid, levator veli palatini - Nerves X (swallow)
6th branchial arch
thyroid - all intrisinc muscles of larynx but cricothyroid - Nerve X (speak)
bronchial apparatus embryo
outside-in CAP; cleft = ectoderm, arches = mesoderm, pouches = endoderm
1st pouch
Develops into middle ear cavity, eustachian tube, mastoid air cells.
2nd pouch
Develops into epithelial lining of palatine tonsil.