First Semester Theology Final Flashcards
Our tendency to do what’s wrong
Concupiscence
the first humans who lost their closeness with God
Adam & Eve
the state of human nature deprived of the original holiness and justice Adam and Eve enjoyed before the fall
Original sin
achieved when we behold God in Heaven
Perfect happiness
temporary pleasure from earthly goods
Imperfect happiness
a person that’s not a Jew
gentile
Hebrew word for “anointed one” and title given to the Savior
messiah
early bishops and teachers of the Church
Fathers of the church
a person who worships many gods (practices polytheism)
Pagan
a brief summary/profession of our Christian faith
Creed
arguments that use human reason and observation to conclude that God exists
5 Proofs for the existence of God
meeting of all the worlds bishops together in union with the pope
Ecumenical Council
a dangerous philosophy which asserts that human reason is not capable of knowing truth or God
Relativism
free of error
Inerrant
the definitive account of the Catholic understanding of divine revelation in the Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation
Dei verbum
an interpretation or analysis of Scriptural text
exegesis
official list of Scripture
canon of Scripture
Greek translation of the Old Testament
septuagint
protestant 7 books of the Old Testament
Apocryphal books
Catholic 7 books of the Old Testament
Deuterocanonical books
Latin translation of the Bible
vulgate
short statement you must believe to be a practicing Catholic
Dogma
these explain dogmas - you must believe them too
Doctrine
recommended but not required (Rosary, Adoration)
Discipline
God revealing Himself directly to us
Divine revelation
the living teaching authority of the Catholic Church whose task it is to give an authentic interpretation of the Word of God found in Scripture and Tradition.
magisterium
the proof that explains that there must be a something or a someone who possess all perfection in order to be the standard bu which everything else is measured - that someone is God.
Argument from the degrees of perfection
the proof that explains that there must be someone o something that is not contingent on something else and upon whom everything else is dependent - that someone is God.
Argument from contingency
the proof that explains that the universe is too complex to have happened by chance therefore there must have been a supremely intelligent someone who is the author of all that exists - that someone is God.
argument from design
the proof that explains that since nothing can cause itself, there must be a something or someone that caused everything - that someone is God.
argument from causation
the proof that explains that since everything in the world is in motion, someone or something must have put it in motion - that someone is God.
argument from motion
God revealing Himself through nature or the created world
natural revelation
What should natural revelation lead to?
it should lead us to worship God as the creator
What did the First Vatican Council teach about human reason and knowledge of God’s existence?
God can be known with certainty through created things.
What does relativism assert about our ability to know God?
Human reason is not capable of knowing truth or God.
When was the Old Testament written?
thousands or years before Christ’s birth
When was the New Testament written?
within the 100 years after Christ’s death
How were the Apostles especially equipped to share the Gospel?
They spent time with Jesus and the Holy Spirit gave them the gifts they needed.
Who wrote the books of the New Testament?
The Apostles and their companions
The canonical books of the New Testament share three characteristics. What are they?
Apostolic origin, universal acceptance, and liturgical use.
Why is the translation of the Bible into different languages not a problem?
Because what’s contained in the Bible is meant for all people.
Why is an accurate translation of the Bible important?
An accurate translation of Scripture leads to a better understanding of Christ.
How many books of the Old Testament are there?
46
How many books of the New Testament are there?
27
What does the Church rely on for her dogmas and doctrines?
Sacred Scripture and Sacred Tradition
When (what century) was the Canon of Scripture made Dogma?
16th century, 1500s
What language was the entire New Testament written in originally?
Greek
What is the difference between Tradition and traditions of the Catholic Church?
“T” traditions cannot change, but “t” traditions may change.
What is the first context and its definition?
Historical - what is happening
Second context
Political - world power
Third context
Cultural - cultural differences between the Jews and everyone else
Fourth Context
Social - social structure of the people
Fifth context
Literary - what kind of writing you are reading
first sense of Scripure
literal - direct meaning of the story
second sense of Scripure
spiritual - deeper meaning of the story
third sense of Scripure
allegorical - connects the Old and New Testaments
fourth sense of Scripure
moral - the moral lesson
fifth sense of Scripure
anagogical - connects the story to Heaven/future
The desire for every human heart, whether they know it or not, is to know ________.
God
As a result of the Fall, Adam and Eve lost their ________ with God and now all humanity is born with ________________ _____.
closeness, Original, sin
Since human beings are made in God’s image, we have a ______ and a ______. In our soul is our capacity to __________, the ability to _________ between right from wrong, and to make a gift of ourselves in __________.
body, soul, reason, choose, love
Explain our origin (where we come from), our nature (what we are), and our destiny (what we are made for). 3 complete sentences.
Our origin is that we come from God. He is the maker of all things. Our nature is that we are human beings. We have a body and a soul because we were made in God’s image. Our destiny is that we were made to love God and share that love with others.
Choose 2 attributes and explain how we see it in creation and how/what it tells us about God. 2 complete sentences.
Two attributes I see in both creation and God as our creator include power and complexity. As a waterfall is a very powerful source, it can be assumed the creator (God) is even more powerful. Similarly, as a sunset is very complex, it can be assumed the artist of the sunset (God) is even more complex.
How is God the author of Scripture? How does that make Scripture inerrant? 1 complete sentence.
God is the author of Scripture because He inspired the human authors. This makes Scripture inerrant because God cannot lie to us - He is truth!
Is the Bible always literally true? (etc.)
The Bible is always true. It is not meant to be a science or a history book though. You have to know what kind of writing you are reading in order to understand the truth the author is trying to teach.
Why did the early Church Fathers call councils? What did they need to clarify?
The early Church Fathers called councils in order to discuss Church teaching. They needed to clarify heresies.
Did Jesus tell his Apostles to write the Scriptures? How do we end up with written teaching from the 1st and 2nd centuries? 3 complete sentences.
Jesus did not tell the Apostles to write the Scriptures down. When they realized that He was not coming back during their lifetime, they decided to write the Scriptures down in order to preserve them for future generations. The letters were written down because when they couldn’t travel to certain places to preach, the wrote letters to the people of those places and had them delivered there.
7000-5000 BC
Job was written down.
100 BC
Maccabees was written down.
70 BC
The Septuagint is completed.
33 AD
Jesus dies, resurrects, and ascends.
90 AD
Revelation was written down.
99 AD
The last Apostle dies (John).
383-404 AD
St. Jerome translated the Bible into Latin.
383-404 AD
Various councils proclaimed the Canon of Scripture.
1540 AD
The Canon is made Dogma.
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