Chapter 3 Test: The Early Church

Question 1

Primacy of Peter

Answer 1

Peter’s position of being first in rank or authority

Question 2

Pentecost

Answer 2

the fiftieth day after the Resurrection, the Holy Spirit was manifested, given, and communicated to the Apostles, fulfilling the mission of the Church

Question 3

Council of Jerusalem

Answer 3

this synod of the Apostles spoken with the authority of Christ in deciding that Gentile converts did not have to be circumcised according to the Law of Moses

Question 4

Ecumenical Council

Answer 4

a formal synod of bishops from the whole world convened to define doctrine, regulate Christian life, or apply discipline in the Church

Question 5

Martyr

Answer 5

someone who endures suffering or death as a witness to the Gospel

Question 6

Saint

Answer 6

any individual who has died and been canonized by the Catholic Church, meaning the person is known to be in Heaven

Question 7

Heaven

Answer 7

the eternal state of supreme and definitive happiness with God

Question 8

Charism

Answer 8

a specific gift or grace of the Holy Spirit that directly or indirectly benefits the Church

Question 9

Sacred Tradition

Answer 9

the Church’s teachings that have been passed down through the ages from the Apostles

Question 10

Vicar of Christ

Answer 10

term used for the pope that emphasized his role as a representative of Christ Himself

Question 11

How does Pentecost connect with the Exodus?

Answer 11

similar images of the Holy Spirit, it is the foundation of the Israelites as Pentecost is the foundation of the Church.

Question 12

How is our communion with Christ deepened?

Answer 12

Our mission is to share the Gospel. This is strengthened by a deeper communion with Christ, especially with the Eucharist

Question 13

What happened to St. Andrew?

Answer 13

St. Andrew traveled to Greece, Patias, through Byzantium, and he was eventually crucified in Patias on an X-shaped cross.

Question 14

How does St. Stephen’s death mirror Christ’s death?

Answer 14

St. Stephen was accused of blasphemy, he began preaching how Jesus was the Messiah. Also the first martyr, forgave his persecutors like Jesus did.

Question 15

Who is St. Cornelius?

Answer 15

one of the first Gentiles to be converted, he was a Roman centurion who was baptized by St. Peter

Question 16

How did the Romans view Christians?

Answer 16

Romans began a policy of persecuting Christians. They often used them as scapegoats for issues in society.

Question 17

What image signifies St. Peter’s governing authority?

Answer 17

In Matthew 16, Jesus gives Peter the keys of the kingdom. Keys are a symbol of authority.

Question 18

Why is St. Paul the Apostle to the Gentiles?

Answer 18

He began bringing the Gospel around the Roman empire, beyond just the Jewish communities.

Question 19

What happened to St. John?

Answer 19

St. John was the “pillar o the Church”. He took care of Mary, was exiled, wrote his Gospel, letters, and Revelation, and was the only Apostle not martyred.

Question 20

What is the first instance of Apostolic Succession?

Answer 20

St. Peter acts in his authority to pick St. Matthias. He did so to replace Judas.

Question 21

What is significant about the Council of Jerusalem?

Answer 21

St. Peter and the Apostles decided on the controversy of not requiring the Gentiles to follow the Mosaic covenant.

Question 22

What is significant about St. Philip baptizing a man from Ethiopia?

Answer 22

This shows that the Apostles were reaching the ends of the earth spreading the Gospel.

Question 23

Why are the martyrs the seed of the Church?

Answer 23

The Church grew through the examples and sacrifices of martyrs.

Question 24

What mission is the whole Church called to?

Answer 24

All are called to the Church’s apostolic mission of spreading the Gospel.

Question 25

How does the Holy Spirit still work in the Church?

Answer 25

The Holy Spirit assists popes and bishops in their role of leading the Church. The Holy Spirit also works in sacraments, fruits, individual gifts given to us to build up the Church (charisms).

Question 26

Essay Question: How are the Apostles the foundation of the Church?

Answer 26

Jesus gives St. Peter specific authority to preach. He grants authority to the Apostles to hand on the Gospel. The Apostles appointed deacons to help serve the Church. They are given the strength and power to preach to the nations by the Holy Spirit. Ethiopia symbolizes the Apostles going to the ends of the earth. The purpose of the Apostles is to spread the Gospel, gather the nations, and lead the Church.

Question 27

Essay Question: What is St. Paul’s significance to the Church?

Answer 27

St. Paul was a dedicated persecutor of Christians and those associated with the Church. However, he had a massive conversion and encounter with Christ that led him to begin spreading the Gospel. He began bringing the Gospel around the Roman Empire, beyond just the Jewish communities. Eventually he was martyred and beheaded outside the walls of Rome, which is planting a seed for the Church, as we know martyrdom does.