Finance and Business

Question 1

debt
(noun)

Answer 1

a sum of money that somebody owes (nợ)

I need to pay off all my debts.

Question 2

expenditure
(noun)

Answer 2

an amount of money spent (tiền tiêu đi)

The government’s annual expenditure on arms has been reduced

Question 3

financial crisis
(noun phrase)

Answer 3

a situation in which some financial assets suddenly lose a large part of their nominal value (khủng hoảng tài chính)

Since the 2008 financial crisis, real wages have fallen

Question 4

financial independence
(noun phrase)

Answer 4

a state of being in which you don’t have to work to pay your living expenses (khả năng độc lập tài chính)

She began to experience financial independence.

Question 5

financial recession
(noun phrase)

Answer 5

a significant decline in economic activity spread across the economy (suy thoái tài chính)

Hundreds of firms went bankrupt during the financial recession

Question 6

financial well-being/stability
(noun phrase)

Answer 6

Financial wellbeing is when a person is able to meet expenses and has some money left over. (sự ổn định về mặt tài chính)

He goes to work to assure financial stability at home for all members

Question 7

investments
(noun)

Answer 7

the act of investing money in something (khoản đầu tư)

We’ve made a significant investment in IT

Question 8

to make an investment
(verb phrase)

Answer 8

the act of putting money, effort, time, etc. into something to make a profit (đầu tư)

Andy asked his parents to make an investment so he could open a lemonade stand.

Question 9

loan
(noun)

Answer 9

money that an organization such as a bank lends and somebody borrows (khoản vay)

She took out an $8,000 personal loan

Question 10

mortgage
(noun)

Answer 10

money borrowed to buy a house (tiền vay mua nhà)

They took out a $90,000 mortgage to buy the house

Question 11

saving
(noun)

Answer 11

an amount of something such as time or money that you do not need to use or spend (tiết kiệm)

With the new boiler you can make big savings on fuel bills

Question 12

to go bankrupt, to go bust, or to go under
(verb phrase)

Answer 12

to have no money to continue doing business (phá sản)

If the company cannot sell its products, it will go bankrupt

Question 13

assertion
(noun)

Answer 13

a statement saying that you strongly believe sth to be true (sự khẳng định)

He was correct in his assertion that the minister had been lying

Question 14

top-up
(noun)

Answer 14

an extra amount of something, especially money, that is added to an existing amount to create the total you need (tăng thêm, bổ sung thêm)

The Government should consider setting up a scheme to provide top-up money when residents’ families can not provide it themselves.

Question 15

high-profile
(adjective)

Answer 15

receiving or involving a lot of attention and discussion on television, in newspapers, etc (tầm cỡ, nổi tiếng)

He resigned from a high-profile job as economic adviser to the prime minister.

Question 16

come at a price
(idiom)

Answer 16

to include disadvantages in order to get what you want. (hậu quả xấu hoặc kết quả không mong muốn có thể xảy ra từ hành động nào đó.)

The company’s success was made possible by the country’s rulers, but their support comes at a price.

Question 17

earner
(noun)

Answer 17

a person who earns money for a job that they do (người kiếm tiền, người kiếm thu nhập)

The survey revealed that top earners in the country tended to be men

Question 18

possession
(noun)

Answer 18

the state of having or owning sth (quyền sở hữu)

We cannot equate material possession with goodness.

Question 19

personal finance
(noun phrase)

Answer 19

the process of determining a person’s financial needs or goals for the future and how to achieve them (tài chính cá nhân)

The rules of personal finance are timeless: save, diversify, control costs and borrow prudently

Question 20

compulsory
(adjective)

Answer 20

that must be done because of a law or a rule (bắt buộc)

It is compulsory for all motorcyclists to wear helmets.

Question 21

preoccupied
(adjective)

Answer 21

thinking and/or worrying continuously about sth so that you do not pay attention to other things (bận tâm, lo lắng)

He was too preoccupied with his own thoughts to notice anything wrong.

Question 22

accumulation
(noun)

Answer 22

an amount of something that has been collected (tích lũy)

Despite this accumulation of evidence, the government persisted in doing nothing.

Question 23

prioritise
(verb)

Answer 23

to put tasks, problems, etc. in order of importance, so that you can deal with the most important first (dành ưu tiên)

You should make a list of all the jobs you have to do and prioritize them.

Question 24

materialistic
(adjective)

Answer 24

caring more about money and possessions than anything else (thiên về vật chất)

Children today are so materialistic.

Question 25

bill/note
(noun)

Answer 25

a piece of paper money (tờ tiền giấy)

The Vietnamese ₫100,000 bill is green

Question 26

cashless
(adjective)

Answer 26

done or working without using cash (không dùng tiền mặt)

With digital wallets, we can go cashless

Question 26

cash
(noun)

Answer 26

money in the form of coins or notes (tiền mặt)

Customers are offered a 10% discount if they pay in cash

Question 27

counterfeit money
(noun phrase)

Answer 27

money that is made to look exactly like the real one in order to trick people (tiền giả)

With the help of machines, people can easily detect counterfeit money

Question 28

currency
(noun)

Answer 28

the system of money that a country uses (tiền tệ)

You’ll need some cash in local currency but you can also use your credit card

Question 29

hard-earned money
(noun phrase)

Answer 29

money you had to work hard to make (đồng tiền mồ hôi nước mắt)

Spend it wisely. It’s my hard-earned money.

Question 30

interest
(noun)

Answer 30

the extra money that you pay back when you borrow money or that you receive when you invest money (tiền lãi)

Interest rates have risen by 1%

Question 31

to deposit
(verb)

Answer 31

to put money into a bank account (gửi tiền vào tài khoản ngân hàng)

Millions were deposited in Swiss bank accounts

Question 32

to withdraw
(verb)

Answer 32

to take money out of a bank account (rút tiền từ tài khoản ngân hàng)

He had withdrawn all the money from their joint account.