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A&P > final review > Flashcards

final review Flashcards

1
Q

the pitch of a person’s voice

A

depends on the tension of the vocal cords

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2
Q

right lung

A

has a shorter and more vertical main bronchus

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3
Q

ureter

A

capable of peristalsis like that in the GI tract

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4
Q

adrenal glands

A

produce aldosterone

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5
Q

phosphate ions

A

highest in intracellular fluid

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6
Q

bicarbonate ions

A

highest in extracellular fluid

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7
Q

proteins

A

highest in intracellular fluid

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8
Q

uncompensated respiratory acidosis

A

can be due to barbituate overdose
can trigger renal bicarbonate generation

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9
Q

pons

A

thought to be instrumental in the smooth transition from inspiration to expiration
contains PRG

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10
Q

cells that produce enamel

A

degenerate when the tooth erupts, so it fails to heal when decayed

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11
Q

the body prevents food from entering during deglutition by

A

causing the epiglottis to block the trachea
causing the soft palate to rise and close off the nasopharynx

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12
Q

intestinal phase

A

inhibits gastric emptying to prevent overloading the duodenum

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13
Q

most important byproduct of the krebs cycle

A

reduced coenzymes FADH2 and NADH+ H+

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14
Q

post-absorptive state

A

characterized by ketone body formation

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15
Q

RBCs

A

NOT mitotically active

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16
Q

IV saline administration

A

would cause patients hematocrit to drop w/o a reduction in RBC count

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17
Q

first step in hemostasis

A

vasoconstriction

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18
Q

thymus

A

most active during childhood

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19
Q

antigen

A

responsible for determining which cells will eventually become cloned

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20
Q

type IV hypersensitivity

A

can cause immune rejection of a kidney transplant

21
Q

self-tolerance

A

developed during clonal deletion in the fetus

22
Q

lymphoid tissue

A

predominantly recticular CT

23
Q

aortic and pulmonary valves

A

control the flow of blood out of the heart

24
Q

heart muscle cells of the ventricle

A

have a steady RMP

25
Q

when baroreceptors are stimulated

A

cardiac output is decreased

26
Q

common carotid artery

A

flows against gravity

27
Q

arteries

A

more elastic fibers present in walls of arteries than in veins

28
Q

effects of pregnancy

A

increased BV
increased urine production
increased tidal volume
increased PTH and Vit. D

29
Q

functions of progesterone

A

helps prepare uterine lining for implantation of the fertilized egg
helps maintain the uterine lining and prevents contractions of the uterine muscles
helps prepare mammary glands for milk production via prolactin
produced by corpus luteum in response to hcG for first 3 months; after the first 3 months of pregnancy, it is produced in response to the placenta

30
Q

inhalation

A

decrease in intrapleural pressure
becomes more positive

31
Q

exhalation

A

increase in intrapleural pressure
becomes more negative

32
Q

peritubular capillaries

A

filtration
reabsorption

33
Q

H+

A

filtered
reabsorbed
secreted

34
Q

Cl-

A

depends on Na+ during tubular reabsorption in the proximal tubule

35
Q

ejaculatory duct

A

single unpaired structure of the male reproductive system

36
Q

glomerular filtration

A

net pressure of 10-20 units

37
Q

lymph

A

has less plasma proteins than blood plasma

38
Q

pancreas

A

neutralizes the acidity in small intestine via alkaline pancreatic juice

39
Q

diaphragm

A

contraction involves increase in volume of the intrapleural cavity vertically
relaxation involves decrease in volume of the intrapleural cavity transversely

40
Q

secretion

A

filtration-reabsorption-elimination

41
Q

sinusoid capillaires

A

big pores for the transport of RBCs and proteins
found in liver, spleen, bone marrow

42
Q

fenestrated capillaries

A

small pores for the transport of hormones and proteins
found in kidneys and intestines

43
Q

continuous capillaries

A

no pores
transport water, ion, and lipid-soluble molecules
found in muscle tissue, nervous tissue, connective tissue

44
Q

enteric

A

secretion of digestive enzymes and hormones throughout the alimentary canal

45
Q

myenteric

A

motility of GI tract

46
Q

spermiogenesis

A

changes spermatids undergo to become mature sperm (formation of acrosome, development of flagella, and shedding of excess cytoplasm)

47
Q

spermatogenesis

A

production of sperm cells in seminiferous tubules

48
Q

HP

A

filtration force
greater HP than OP results in fluid out of capillary

49
Q

OP

A

reabsorption force

A&P (18 decks)

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