Final Exam - Section 4 (11/29/16) Flashcards

1
Q

Consciousness - collection of processes including talking, _________, thinking, _________

A
  • emotion

- seeing

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2
Q

Presence of only simple reflexes does not indicate _________

A

consciousness

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3
Q

No single brain structure is responsible for consciousness

_________ permits being awake but awake is not _________

A
  • Reticular formation

- consciousness

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4
Q

consciousness - Involves connection and cognitive functions of all _________ areas

A

cortical

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5
Q

Response to visual stimuli can be _________ or _________

A
  • conscious

- unconscious

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6
Q

-Consciousness -

_________ – swing at baseball before perception of ball (dorsal stream)

A

Unconscious

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7
Q

-Consciousness-

Unconscious – swing at baseball before perception of ball (_________ stream)

A

dorsal

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8
Q

-Consciousness-

_________ – aware that a bird just landed in a nearby tree (ventral stream)

A

Conscious

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9
Q

-Consciousness-

Conscious – aware that a bird just landed in a nearby tree (_________ stream)

A

ventral

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10
Q

-Consciousness-

Unconscious (_________ stream)

A

dorsal

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11
Q

-Consciousness-

Conscious (_________ stream)

A

ventral

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12
Q

Neural basis:
To be conscious of an object, need to have input from many systems

  • Arousal – awake
  • _________ – sensory input
  • Attention – attend to specific object
  • _________ memory
A
  • Perception

- Working

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13
Q

Neural basis:
To be conscious of an object, need to have input from many systems

  • _________ – awake
  • Perception – sensory input
  • _________ – attend to specific object
  • Working memory
A
  • Arousal

- Attention

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14
Q

Can detect _________ neural activity across neural networks when become _________ of an object

A
  • synchronous

- conscious

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15
Q

Possible brain regions necessary for _________ :

dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, medial frontal cortex,
posterior parietal
posterior cingulate

A

consciousness

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16
Q

_________ - Small thin layer possibly responsible for being conscious or not

A

Claustrum

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17
Q

-Consciousness -

_________ -
Has inputs from all cortical regions and output to all of these regions

A

Claustrum

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18
Q

-Consciousness-

Stimulation of _________ in one epileptic patient caused loss of consciousness

A

Claustrum

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19
Q

Stimulation of Claustrum in one epileptic patient caused loss of _________

A

consciousness

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20
Q

Stimuli that do not reach consciousness can elicit _________

A

emotions

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21
Q

Presentation of scrambled image to dominant eye and visible face to non-dominant eye (_________ )

A

intraocular suppression

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22
Q

during intraocular suppression test-

Face becomes invisible but STS and _________ react to fearful face

A

amygdala

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23
Q

-Consciousness -

Scientists propose two systems-

  • Unconscious system that reacts _________ with no conscious thought
  • Conscious system that responds _________ and takes into account relevant knowledge
A
  • quickly

- slower

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24
Q

Drug addicts will often come up with explanations of behaviors that come from _________ system

A

unconscious

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25
_________ : Loss of oxygen and glucose supply to brain destroys neurons
Cerebral vascular disorders
26
Cerebral vascular disorders: Loss of oxygen and _________ supply to brain destroys _________
- glucose | - neurons
27
Cerebral vascular disorders: Loss/reduction of oxygen and glucose for more than ___ minutes, all cells _________
- 10 | - die
28
Cerebral vascular disorders: Most CNS vascular disease related to _________ system
arterial
29
_________ : Most common causes of death and disability in western world
Cerebral vascular disorders
30
Cerebral vascular disorders: Most _________ vascular disease related to arterial system
CNS
31
Cerebral vascular disorders: Stroke (_________ ,CVA)
cerebral vascular accident,
32
Cerebral vascular disorders: Stroke (cerebral vascular accident, CVA) - Interruption in _________ - Most common cause of death _________
- blood flow | - worldwide
33
Cerebral vascular disorders: Stroke (cerebral vascular accident, CVA) _________ – area of dead or dying tissue due to obstruction of blood vessels
infarct
34
Cerebral vascular disorders: Stroke (cerebral vascular accident, CVA) Results in an infarct – area of dead or dying tissue due to _________ of blood vessels
-obstruction
35
Cerebral vascular disorders: Stroke (cerebral vascular accident, CVA) - Amount of damage depends on size and number of _________ affected - -Less damage with _________ vessels and only parts of vessels affected
- blood vessels | - small
36
Cerebral vascular disorders: _________ - - Amount of damage depends on size and number of blood vessels affected - -Less damage with small vessels and only parts of _________ affected
- Stroke (cerebral vascular accident, CVA) | - vessels
37
Cerebral vascular disorders: Stroke (cerebral vascular accident, CVA) Multiple lesions can have _________ effects
cumulative
38
Cerebral vascular disorders: Stroke (cerebral vascular accident, CVA) Effects depend on _________ of stroke
location
39
Cerebral vascular disorders: Different types of stroke- - _________ (blockage of artery stops blood supply to neural tissue)
Ischemic
40
Cerebral vascular disorders: Different types of stroke- -Ischemic (blockage of artery stops blood supply to _________ tissue)
neural
41
Cerebral vascular disorders: Different types of stroke- _________ - 85% of strokes
Ischemic
42
Cerebral vascular disorders: Different types of stroke- Ischemic - - _________ (blood clot)
Thrombosis
43
Cerebral vascular disorders: Different types of stroke- Ischemic - - Thrombosis (_________)
blood clot
44
Cerebral vascular disorders: Different types of stroke- _________ - -Embolism (plug from larger vessel – clot, air bubble, oil or fat, mass of cells from tumor
Ischemic
45
Cerebral vascular disorders: Different types of stroke- Ischemic - - _________ (plug from larger vessel – clot, air bubble, oil or fat, mass of cells from tumor
Embolism
46
Cerebral vascular disorders: Different types of stroke- Ischemic - - Embolism (plug from larger vessel – clot, _________, oil or fat, mass of _________ from tumor
- air bubble | - cells
47
Cerebral vascular disorders: Different types of stroke- _________ - -Related to cerebral arteriosclerosis (thickening or hardening of arteries)
Ischemic
48
Cerebral vascular disorders: Different types of stroke- Ischemic - -Related to cerebral arteriosclerosis (thickening or hardening of _________ )
arteries
49
Cerebral vascular disorders: Different types of stroke- TIA – transient ischemic attack --Migraine _________
vasospasm
50
Cerebral vascular disorders: Different types of stroke- Ischemic (_________ of artery stops blood supply to neural tissue)
blockage
51
Cerebral vascular disorders: Ischemic- - _________ - Forms somewhere else and moves to the blockage site
Embolism
52
Cerebral vascular disorders: Ischemic- - _________ - forms in the site of blockage
Thrombosis
53
Cerebral vascular disorders: Ischemic- -Embolism - Often forms in the _________ and moves towards the cns and forms the blockage
Heart
54
Cerebral vascular disorders: Different types of stroke- _________ (bleeding into the brain tissue)
Hemorrhagic
55
Cerebral vascular disorders: Different types of stroke- Hemorrhagic (bleeding into the _________ tissue)
brain
56
Cerebral vascular disorders: Different types of stroke- _________ - -Temporary artery blockage
TIA – transient ischemic attack
57
Cerebral vascular disorders: Different types of stroke- _________ - -Usually caused by hypertension
Hemorrhagic
58
Cerebral vascular disorders: Different types of stroke- _________ - - Congenital issues with arteries - Leukemia
Hemorrhagic
59
Cerebral vascular disorders: Different types of stroke- Hemorrhagic- - Congenital issues with _________ - Leukemia
-arteries
60
Cerebral vascular disorders: Different types of stroke- _________- - Brain trauma - Abrupt onset
Hemorrhagic
61
Cerebral vascular disorders: Different types of stroke- _________- - Usually during waking hours (higher BP) - Poor prognosis
Hemorrhagic
62
Cerebral vascular disorders: Different types of stroke- Hemorrhagic- - Usually during _________ hours (higher BP) - Poor _________
- waking | - prognosis
63
Cerebral vascular disorders: Stroke (cerebral vascular accident, CVA) _________ – collection of abnormal blood vessels (congenital)
Angiomas
64
Cerebral vascular disorders: Stroke (cerebral vascular accident, CVA) Angiomas – collection of abnormal blood vessels (_________)
congenital
65
Cerebral vascular disorders: Stroke (cerebral vascular accident, CVA) Angiomas – --Abnormal _________ flow, _________ vessels
- blood | - weak
66
Cerebral vascular disorders: Stroke (cerebral vascular accident, CVA) _________ – balloon-like expansion of part of blood vessel
Aneurysms
67
Cerebral vascular disorders: Stroke (cerebral vascular accident, CVA) _________ – ``` Congenital Hypertension Arteriosclerosis Embolism Infection Causes severe headache ```
Aneurysms
68
Cerebral vascular disorders: Treatment- _________ - used to dissolve a clot
t-PA (tissue plasminogen activator)
69
Cerebral vascular disorders: Treatment- t-PA (tissue plasminogen activator) - - Increases bleeding so use in cases of _________ due to plug in artery - Must be administered within ___ hours of stroke
- ischemia | - 3
70
Cerebral vascular disorders: Treatment- _________ – painted with plastic to prevent rupture or use stents or surgical repair
Aneurysms
71
Cerebral vascular disorders: Treatment- Drugs to reduce _________ after stroke (e.g., steroids)
edema
72
Cerebral vascular disorders: Treatment- _________ - for Aneurysms
Stent