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Neuropsychology 343 > Final Exam - Section 4 (11/29/16) > Flashcards

Final Exam - Section 4 (11/29/16) Flashcards

1
Q

Consciousness - collection of processes including talking, _________, thinking, _________

A
  • emotion

- seeing

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2
Q

Presence of only simple reflexes does not indicate _________

A

consciousness

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3
Q

No single brain structure is responsible for consciousness

_________ permits being awake but awake is not _________

A
  • Reticular formation

- consciousness

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4
Q

consciousness - Involves connection and cognitive functions of all _________ areas

A

cortical

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5
Q

Response to visual stimuli can be _________ or _________

A
  • conscious

- unconscious

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6
Q

-Consciousness -

_________ – swing at baseball before perception of ball (dorsal stream)

A

Unconscious

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7
Q

-Consciousness-

Unconscious – swing at baseball before perception of ball (_________ stream)

A

dorsal

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8
Q

-Consciousness-

_________ – aware that a bird just landed in a nearby tree (ventral stream)

A

Conscious

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9
Q

-Consciousness-

Conscious – aware that a bird just landed in a nearby tree (_________ stream)

A

ventral

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10
Q

-Consciousness-

Unconscious (_________ stream)

A

dorsal

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11
Q

-Consciousness-

Conscious (_________ stream)

A

ventral

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12
Q

Neural basis:
To be conscious of an object, need to have input from many systems

  • Arousal – awake
  • _________ – sensory input
  • Attention – attend to specific object
  • _________ memory
A
  • Perception

- Working

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13
Q

Neural basis:
To be conscious of an object, need to have input from many systems

  • _________ – awake
  • Perception – sensory input
  • _________ – attend to specific object
  • Working memory
A
  • Arousal

- Attention

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14
Q

Can detect _________ neural activity across neural networks when become _________ of an object

A
  • synchronous

- conscious

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15
Q

Possible brain regions necessary for _________ :

dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, medial frontal cortex,
posterior parietal
posterior cingulate

A

consciousness

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16
Q

_________ - Small thin layer possibly responsible for being conscious or not

A

Claustrum

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17
Q

-Consciousness -

_________ -
Has inputs from all cortical regions and output to all of these regions

A

Claustrum

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18
Q

-Consciousness-

Stimulation of _________ in one epileptic patient caused loss of consciousness

A

Claustrum

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19
Q

Stimulation of Claustrum in one epileptic patient caused loss of _________

A

consciousness

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20
Q

Stimuli that do not reach consciousness can elicit _________

A

emotions

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21
Q

Presentation of scrambled image to dominant eye and visible face to non-dominant eye (_________ )

A

intraocular suppression

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22
Q

during intraocular suppression test-

Face becomes invisible but STS and _________ react to fearful face

A

amygdala

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23
Q

-Consciousness -

Scientists propose two systems-

  • Unconscious system that reacts _________ with no conscious thought
  • Conscious system that responds _________ and takes into account relevant knowledge
A
  • quickly

- slower

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24
Q

Drug addicts will often come up with explanations of behaviors that come from _________ system

A

unconscious

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25
Q

_________ :

Loss of oxygen and glucose supply to brain destroys neurons

A

Cerebral vascular disorders

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26
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Loss of oxygen and _________ supply to brain destroys _________

A
  • glucose

- neurons

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27
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Loss/reduction of oxygen and glucose for more than ___ minutes, all cells _________

A
  • 10

- die

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28
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Most CNS vascular disease related to _________ system

A

arterial

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29
Q

_________ :

Most common causes of death and disability in western world

A

Cerebral vascular disorders

30
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Most _________ vascular disease related to arterial system

A

CNS

31
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Stroke (_________ ,CVA)

A

cerebral vascular accident,

32
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Stroke (cerebral vascular accident, CVA)

  • Interruption in _________
  • Most common cause of death _________
A
  • blood flow

- worldwide

33
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Stroke (cerebral vascular accident, CVA)

_________ – area of dead or dying tissue due to obstruction of blood vessels

A

infarct

34
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Stroke (cerebral vascular accident, CVA)

Results in an infarct – area of dead or dying tissue due to _________ of blood vessels

A

-obstruction

35
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Stroke (cerebral vascular accident, CVA)

  • Amount of damage depends on size and number of _________ affected
  • -Less damage with _________ vessels and only parts of vessels affected
A
  • blood vessels

- small

36
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

_________ -

  • Amount of damage depends on size and number of blood vessels affected
  • -Less damage with small vessels and only parts of _________ affected
A
  • Stroke (cerebral vascular accident, CVA)

- vessels

37
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Stroke (cerebral vascular accident, CVA)

Multiple lesions can have _________ effects

A

cumulative

38
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Stroke (cerebral vascular accident, CVA)

Effects depend on _________ of stroke

A

location

39
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Different types of stroke-

  • _________ (blockage of artery stops blood supply to neural tissue)
A

Ischemic

40
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Different types of stroke-

-Ischemic (blockage of artery stops blood supply to _________ tissue)

A

neural

41
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Different types of stroke-

_________ - 85% of strokes

A

Ischemic

42
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Different types of stroke-

Ischemic -
- _________ (blood clot)

A

Thrombosis

43
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Different types of stroke-

Ischemic -
- Thrombosis (_________)

A

blood clot

44
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Different types of stroke-

_________ -
-Embolism (plug from larger vessel – clot, air bubble, oil or fat, mass of cells from tumor

A

Ischemic

45
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Different types of stroke-

Ischemic -
- _________ (plug from larger vessel – clot, air bubble, oil or fat, mass of cells from tumor

A

Embolism

46
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Different types of stroke-

Ischemic -
- Embolism (plug from larger vessel – clot, _________, oil or fat, mass of _________ from tumor

A
  • air bubble

- cells

47
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Different types of stroke-

_________ -
-Related to cerebral arteriosclerosis (thickening or hardening of arteries)

A

Ischemic

48
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Different types of stroke-

Ischemic -
-Related to cerebral arteriosclerosis (thickening or hardening of _________ )

A

arteries

49
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Different types of stroke-

TIA – transient ischemic attack
–Migraine _________

A

vasospasm

50
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Different types of stroke-

Ischemic (_________ of artery stops blood supply to neural tissue)

A

blockage

51
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Ischemic-

  • _________ - Forms somewhere else and moves to the blockage site
A

Embolism

52
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Ischemic-

  • _________ - forms in the site of blockage
A

Thrombosis

53
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Ischemic-

-Embolism - Often forms in the _________ and moves towards the cns and forms the blockage

A

Heart

54
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Different types of stroke-

_________ (bleeding into the brain tissue)

A

Hemorrhagic

55
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Different types of stroke-

Hemorrhagic (bleeding into the _________ tissue)

A

brain

56
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Different types of stroke-

_________ -
-Temporary artery blockage

A

TIA – transient ischemic attack

57
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Different types of stroke-

_________ -
-Usually caused by hypertension

A

Hemorrhagic

58
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Different types of stroke-

_________ -

  • Congenital issues with arteries
  • Leukemia
A

Hemorrhagic

59
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Different types of stroke-

Hemorrhagic-

  • Congenital issues with _________
  • Leukemia
A

-arteries

60
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Different types of stroke-

_________-

  • Brain trauma
  • Abrupt onset
A

Hemorrhagic

61
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Different types of stroke-

_________-

  • Usually during waking hours (higher BP)
  • Poor prognosis
A

Hemorrhagic

62
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Different types of stroke-

Hemorrhagic-

  • Usually during _________ hours (higher BP)
  • Poor _________
A
  • waking

- prognosis

63
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Stroke (cerebral vascular accident, CVA)

_________ – collection of abnormal blood vessels (congenital)

A

Angiomas

64
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Stroke (cerebral vascular accident, CVA)

Angiomas – collection of abnormal blood vessels (_________)

A

congenital

65
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Stroke (cerebral vascular accident, CVA)

Angiomas –

–Abnormal _________ flow, _________ vessels

A
  • blood

- weak

66
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Stroke (cerebral vascular accident, CVA)

_________ – balloon-like expansion of part of blood vessel

A

Aneurysms

67
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Stroke (cerebral vascular accident, CVA)

_________ –

Congenital
Hypertension
Arteriosclerosis
Embolism
Infection
Causes severe headache
A

Aneurysms

68
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Treatment-

_________ - used to dissolve a clot

A

t-PA (tissue plasminogen activator)

69
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Treatment-

t-PA (tissue plasminogen activator) -

  • Increases bleeding so use in cases of _________ due to plug in artery
  • Must be administered within ___ hours of stroke
A
  • ischemia

- 3

70
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Treatment-

_________ – painted with plastic to prevent rupture or use stents or surgical repair

A

Aneurysms

71
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Treatment-

Drugs to reduce _________ after stroke (e.g., steroids)

A

edema

72
Q

Cerebral vascular disorders:

Treatment-

_________ - for Aneurysms

A

Stent

Neuropsychology 343 (20 decks)

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