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Neuropsychology 343 > Final - Exam (9/22, 9/27) - [Exam 2 - Section 1] > Flashcards

Final - Exam (9/22, 9/27) - [Exam 2 - Section 1] Flashcards

1
Q

Frontal Lobes: _________ Cortex

A

Prefrontal

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2
Q

_________ is largest part of human brain

-29% of cortex

A

Prefrontal cortex

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3
Q

Prefrontal cortex is largest part of human brain

- ___% of cortex

A

29

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4
Q

_________ -

Involved in higher cognitive (executive) functions:

  • Impulse control
  • Emotions
  • Reasoning
  • Planning and organization
  • Decision making
  • Responding to reward and punishment
  • Working memory
A

Prefrontal Cortex

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5
Q

-Prefrontal Cortex-

Involved in higher cognitive (_________) functions:

  • Impulse control
  • _________
  • Reasoning
  • Planning and organization
  • _________
  • Responding to reward and punishment
  • Working memory
A
  • executive
  • Emotions
  • Decision making
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6
Q

-Prefrontal Cortex-

Involved in higher cognitive (executive) functions:

  • _________
  • Emotions
  • _________
  • Planning and organization
  • Decision making
  • Responding to reward and punishment
  • _________
A
  • Impulse control
  • Reasoning
  • Working memory
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7
Q

-Prefrontal Cortex-

Involved in higher cognitive (executive) functions:

  • Impulse control
  • Emotions
  • Reasoning
  • _________
  • Decision making
  • Responding to _________
  • Working memory
A
  • Planning and organization

- reward and punishment

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8
Q

_________ cortex is located on the precentral gyrus – back of _________ lobe

A
  • Motor

- frontal

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9
Q

Motor cortex is located on the _________ – back of frontal lobe

A

precentral gyrus

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10
Q

Body parts are mapped onto the _________ cortex - stimulation of a particular part of the motor cortex causes movement of a particular body part on the _________ side of the body

A
  • motor

- opposite

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11
Q

Body parts are mapped onto the motor cortex - _________ of a particular part of the motor cortex causes _________ of a particular body part on the opposite side of the body

A
  • stimulation

- movement

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12
Q

The amount of cortex that represents a body part is correlated with _________ of movement needed for that body _________

A
  • precision

- part

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13
Q

_________ : The Primary Somatosensory Cortex

A

Parietal Lobe

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14
Q

Parietal Lobe: The Primary _________ Cortex

A

Somatosensory

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15
Q

Parietal Lobes:

_________ to central sulcus

A

Posterior

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16
Q

_________ Lobes:

Posterior to central sulcus

A

Parietal

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17
Q

_________ Lobes:

Area that receives information from touch sensations and from receptors in muscles and joints

A

Parietal

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18
Q

Parietal Lobes:

Area that receives information from touch sensations and from receptors in _________ and _________

A
  • muscles

- joints

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19
Q

_________ Lobes:

Stimulation of different points on this area causes tingling sensations

A

Parietal

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20
Q

Parietal Lobes:

Stimulation of different points on this area causes _________ sensations

A

tingling

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21
Q

88888888
_________ Lobes:

Body areas with high level of sensitivity have greater proportion of cortex devoted to those area

A

Parietal

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22
Q

88888888
Parietal Lobes:

Body areas with high level of sensitivity have greater proportion of _________ devoted to those area

A

cortex

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23
Q

88888888
Parietal Lobes:

Body areas with high level of _________ have greater proportion of cortex devoted to those _________

A
  • sensitivity

- area

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24
Q

_________ lobes:

Below lateral sulcus

A

Temporal

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25
Q 
Temporal lobes (near temples)
Below \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_  sulcus
A

lateral

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26
Q

Left _________ lobe essential for understanding spoken _________

A
  • temporal

- language

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27
Q

_________ temporal lobe essential for understanding spoken language

A

-Left

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28
Q

-temporal lobe-

_________ cortex receives information from the ears

A

Auditory

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29
Q

-temporal lobe-

_________ involved in understanding language

A

Wernicke’s area

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30
Q

-Cerebral cortex only ____ millimeters thick

A

1-3

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31
Q

-White matter is white because it is _________

A

myelinated

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32
Q

_________ cortex: stimulation on left side causes movement on the right side and vice versa

A

-Primary motor

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33
Q

-Primary motor cortex: stimulation on _________ side causes movement on the _________ side and vice versa

A
  • left

- right

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34
Q
  • Primary motor cortex = _________

- Primary Somatosensory cortex = _________

A
  • output

- input

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35
Q

-Primary _________ cortex = output

A

motor

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36
Q

-Primary _________ cortex = input

A

Somatosensory

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37
Q

-Most people process speech in the left _________ lobe

A

temporal

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38
Q

_________ and _________ is generally processed on the right temporal lobe

A
  • Spatial

- visual

39
Q

-Spatial and visual is generally processed on the _________ temporal lobe

40
Q

_________ = misinterpreting incoming data

41
Q

-Agnosia = misinterpreting incoming _________

42
Q

Temporal lobes (near temples)

Complex aspects of _________ – movement, face recognition (_________), recognition of objects

A
  • vision

- prosopagnosia

43
Q

_________ lobes:

Complex aspects of vision – movement, face recognition (prosopagnosia), recognition of objects

44
Q

Emotional and motivational behaviors-

Abnormal activity in the _________ lobes (e.g., tumor, schizophrenia) results in auditory or visual hallucinations

45
Q

Emotional and motivational behaviors-

Abnormal activity in the temporal lobes (e.g., tumor, schizophrenia) results in _________ or _________ hallucinations

A
  • auditory

- visual

46
Q

_________ lobes:

Posterior end of cortex

47
Q

Occipital lobes:

  • Involved in processing _________ information – primary _________ cortex
  • -Damage causes ‘cortical blindness’ – no pattern perception of visual imagery
A
  • visual

- visual

48
Q

_________ lobes:

  • Involved in processing visual information – primary visual cortex
  • -Damage causes ‘cortical blindness’ – no pattern perception of visual imagery
49
Q

Occipital lobes:

–Damage causes ‘_________ ’ – no pattern perception of visual imagery

A

cortical blindness

50
Q

88888888
_________ -
right and left
Look like avocados

51
Q

The Thalamus :

Exception to sensory system information is _________ information which goes directly from olfactory _________ to cortex

A
  • olfaction

- bulbs

52
Q

The Thalamus:

Exception to _________ system information is olfaction information which goes directly from _________ bulbs to cortex

A
  • sensory

- olfactory

53
Q

The Thalamus:

Receives and then relays information from sensory systems to cortical regions, _________ cortical regions, from _________ and brainstem regions

A
  • between

- forebrain

54
Q

The Thalamus:

Receives and then relays information from sensory systems to cortical regions, _________ cortical regions, from _________ and brainstem regions

A
  • between

- forebrain

55
Q

_________ sends information back to thalamus

-Directs attention to particular stimuli

56
Q

Cortex sends information back to thalamus

-Directs attention to particular _________

57
Q

Cortex sends information back to thalamus

-Directs attention to particular _________

58
Q

_________ -

Involved in regulating the internal environment

A

-The Hypothalamus

59
Q

-The Hypothalamus-

Involved in regulating the internal _________

A

environment

60
Q

_________ -

Receives input from all areas of the brain and body and sends signals to all areas

A

-The Hypothalamus

61
Q

-The Hypothalamus-

Receives input from all areas of the _________ and _________ and sends signals to all areas

A
  • brain

- body

62
Q

-The Hypothalamus-

  • Thirst
  • _________
  • body temperature,
  • _________
A
  • hunger

- sexual behavior

63
Q

_________ -

Controls the pituitary gland – master gland that controls other glands in body

A

-The Hypothalamus

64
Q

-The Hypothalamus-

Stimulation causes _________

65
Q

-The Hypothalamus-

Controls the _________ – master gland that controls other glands in body

A

pituitary gland

66
Q

-The Hypothalamus-

Controls the _________ – master gland that controls other glands in body

A

pituitary gland

67
Q

_________ – band of neurons that connects the 2 cerebral hemispheres

A

Corpus Callosum

68
Q

Corpus Callosum – band of neurons that connects the 2 _________

A

cerebral hemispheres

69
Q

_________ :

Transmits information from one hemisphere to the other – allow hemispheres to talk to each other

A

Corpus Callosum

70
Q

Corpus Callosum:

Transmits _________ from one hemisphere to the other – allow hemispheres to _________ to each other

A
  • information

- talk

71
Q

_________ :

The 2 hemispheres do not carry out identical functions like kidneys, lungs etc

A

Corpus Callosum

72
Q

Corpus Callosum:

The 2 hemispheres _________ carry out identical functions like _________, lungs etc

A
  • do not

- kidneys

73
Q

Cavities in the brain called _________ are filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

A

ventricles

74
Q

Cavities in the brain called ventricles are filled with _________

A

cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

75
Q

Spinal cord also contains _________

A

cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

76
Q

Large lateral _________ in each hemisphere which connect to third ventricle between the left and right _________

A
  • ventricle

- thalamus

77
Q

Large lateral ventricle in each hemisphere which connect to _________ ventricle between the left and right thalamus

78
Q

Third ventricle connects to _________ ventricle and then to spinal cord

79
Q

_________ ventricle connects to fourth ventricle and then to _________

A
  • Third

- spinal cord

80
Q

-The Ventricles -

CSF also surrounds the _________ of the brain

81
Q

-The Ventricles-

CSF cushions brain against _________ shock and provides _________ and nutrients

A
  • mechanical

- hormones

82
Q

-The Ventricles-

Abnormality of flow of _________ through ventricles thought to cause hydrocephalus

83
Q

-The Ventricles-

Abnormality of flow of CSF through ventricles thought to cause _________

A

hydrocephalus

84
Q

-The Ventricles-

Cells called the _________ inside the ventricles produce CSF – similar to plasma

A

choroid plexus

85
Q

-The Ventricles-

Cells called the choroid plexus inside the ventricles produce ____ – similar to _________

A
  • CSF

- plasma

86
Q

_________ -

Includes – putamen, caudate, globus pallidus

A

-The Basal Ganglia

87
Q

-The Basal Ganglia-

Includes – putamen, _________, globus pallidus

88
Q

-The Basal Ganglia-

Includes – _________, caudate, _________ pallidus

A
  • putamen

- globus

89
Q

-The Basal Ganglia-

Connect to _________, substantia nigra, _________ (through caudate)

A
  • thalamus

- cortex

90
Q

-The Basal Ganglia-

Connect to thalamus, _________, cortex (through _________)

A
  • substantia nigra

- caudate

91
Q

-The Basal Ganglia-

Involved in _________ movement and _________ of movement (Huntington’s, Parkinson’s, Tourette’s)

A
  • smooth

- control

92
Q

_________ -

Involved in smooth movement and control of movement (Huntington’s, Parkinson’s, Tourette’s)

A

-The Basal Ganglia

93
Q

_________ -

Involved in learning (habit learning, e.g., turning on light in dark room)

A

-The Basal Ganglia

Neuropsychology 343 (20 decks)

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