Final Exam: Exam 5 pt 4

Question 1

Viruses

Answer 1

-get mostly everything from host cell
-lack enzyme for metabolic processes
-lack machinery for synthesizing proteins
-are not cells
-obligate intracellular parasites

Question 2

virus size

Answer 2

nm

Question 3

viral strucure

Answer 3

-naked (prokaryotic)
-enveloped (eukaryotic virus)

Question 4

envelope is

Answer 4

-filled with viral protein

Question 5

layers

Answer 5

-envelope
-capsid
-nucleic acid

Question 6

capsid structure

Answer 6

capsomers

Question 7

capsomers

Answer 7

subunits that spontaneously self-assemble

Question 8

two arrangements of capsomers

Answer 8

1. helical
2. icosahedral

Question 9

icosahedral

Answer 9

-high degree of symmetry

Question 10

Atypical/complex virus

Answer 10

poxvirus, bacteriophage

Question 11

viral nucleic acid

Answer 11

-number of genes is quite small compared to host or bacterial cells
-contain either DNA or RNA but never both

Question 12

DNA virus

Answer 12

double stranded (more) (more bacterial virus) or single stranded

Question 13

RNA

Answer 13

double stranded or single stranded (more)(mostly plants viruses)

Question 14

Positive sense RNA

Answer 14

-single stranded
-tells if single strand can act as mRNA
-can make proteins immediately upon entering cell

Question 15

negatice sense RNA

Answer 15

-single stranded
-need to synthesize host mRNA when gets into cell

Question 16

DNA phase

Answer 16

-retroviruses
-backwards central dogma

Question 17

segmented viruses

Answer 17

-genome is on more than one DNA strand or segment
-one segment = one protein

Question 18

classification of viruses

Answer 18

international committee for taxonomy of viruses

Question 19

international committee for taxonomy of viruses

Answer 19

-3 orders
-families
-genus
-speies

Question 20

orders

Answer 20

end in -viralis

Question 21

families

Answer 21

end in -viridae

Question 22

genus

Answer 22

squish virus as the suffix

Question 23

species

Answer 23

virus is separate word

Question 24

Baltimore classification system of viruses

Answer 24

-seven different classes
-what is genome and how it makes mRNA

Question 25

replication cycle of an animal virus

Answer 25

-adsorption
-penetration
-uncoating
-synthesis
-assembly
-release
**takes 8-40 hours

Question 26

Adsorption

Answer 26

-virus attach to its host by binding to specific cell receptors
-specific between protein and virus

Question 27

tropism

Answer 27

can only infect cells with that specific receptor (immunoglobin family)

Question 28

tropism is dictated by

Answer 28

-1st interaction between virus and host cell

Question 29

penetration and uncoating (2 methods)

Answer 29

-method 1: virus is elongated and enclosed in a vesicle via clathrate
-method 2: direct fusion of viral envelope with host cell membrane

Question 30

method 2 only

Answer 30

only happens in enveloped viruses bc its cell mem can infuse into host cell mem

Question 31

DNA viruses stay in

Answer 31

nucleus

Question 32

RNA viruses stay in

Answer 32

cytoplasm

Question 33

negative sense RNA virus problem

Answer 33

-needs to make mRNA so needs to bring an RNA dependent RNA polymerase