Final Exam 1,2,3 Flashcards
how much do you need of major minerals
> 100mg per day
how much do you need of trace minerals per day
<100 mg per day
study types
-meta analysis
-randomizes control
-cohort
-case control
-cross sectional
-case reports
meta analysis
combines results of multiple studies
randomized control
double blind, placebo controlled
cohort
looking at large groups of people
case control
individuals with a disease and associated factors
cross sectional
analyzes pop data from specific point in time
case reports
descriptive studies
1 oz = ? g
28 g
principles of healthy eating
-variety
-moderation
-proportionality balance
-nutrient density
DV rich in
20%+
DV a good source of
10-19%
Vegetables 1 cup =
-1 cup raw or cooked
-1cup juice
-2 cups raw leafy greens
fruits 1 cup =
-1 cup whole
-1 cup juice
-1/2 cup dried
grains 1 oz
-1 slice of bread
-1 cup cereal
-1/2 cup pasta
dairy 1 cup
-1 cup milk, yogurt
-1.5 oz natural cheese
-2 oz processed cheese
protein 1 oz
-1 oz meat
-1 egg
-1/4 cup cooked legumes
-1/2 oz nuts or seeds
which conversions are cups and which are oz
oz: grain & protein
cups: veg, fruit, dairy
digestive tract in order
-oral cavity
-pharynx/esophagus
-stomach
-small intestine
-large intestine/colon
-anus
digestion in oral cavity
mechanical + salivary lipase
where does peristalsis occur
esophagus
where is protein digested
stomach
where are most nutrients absorbed
small intestine
where is most water absorbed
large intestine
liver function
creates bile
gallbladder function
gallbladder stores bile then excretes it into small intestine
function of bile
emulsify fats
pancreas function
-secretes bicarbonate (neutralize stomach acid to protect small intestine)
-secretes enzymes
prebiotic
nourishes bacteria in GI tract
probiotic
healthy bacteria in gut
postbiotics
by-products of bacterial metabolism
effects of celiac disease
decreased nutrient absorption bc flattened villi
symptoms of celiac disease
GI problems, depression, hunger, fatigue, diarrhea, weight loss, flatulence, poor growth, anemia, bone loss
what is chyme/bollus
food in esophagus
where are digestive enzymes present
-mouth
-stomach
-small intestine
-pancreas
3 goals of dietary guildlines
-reduced risk of chronic illness
-nutritional adequacy
-maintain a healthy body weight
