final Flashcards
what is osteitis pubis? discuss some extrinsic and intrinsic factors that put athletes at risk and discuss how they might prevent this injury
osteitis pubis = inflammation and gradual onset of localized pain around pubis symphysis
- repetitive running/jumping, shearing movements
- playing soccer, long-distance runners, etc.
- prevent this injury by rest, limitation of the activity, and strengthening/stretching the area
list 3 functions of the menisci
1) shock absorber for the knee
2) control joint motion
3) provide structure for joint stability
name and briefly describe the complication that could arise from repeated forces to a poorly managed quadriceps contusion
charlie horse/ muscle bruise
- pain, tenderness in tissue, muscle spasm
- muscle hematoma.. may have delayed bleeding up to 24 hours
- treat conservatively because of myositis ossifians (bone tissue that goes in the muscle after injury)
name and briefly describe the complication and damage that could arise from a dislocation
1) patella (usually lateral):
2) tibiofemoral: initiate EAP
- damage to all ligaments, blood vessels, nerves
- avascular necrosis (bone death) and sciatic nerve damage
what is the proper term for shin splints and what causes them? who is likely to get this injury and how would you manage/prevent this disorder?
medial tibial stress syndrome
- caused by weight-bearing or pressure and increased activity
- runners and dancers most likely to get it
prevent/manage:
- check shoes and arches
- check training load and playing surfaces
- check flexibility/strength or lower leg muscles
name and differentiate two types of heat illness
1) heat exhaustion = full body effect, dizziness, fainitng, excessive fluid loss, ramped up HR
2) heat stroke = most serious, high core temo, dry skin , rapid pulse, unconcious
what are two factors that might make females more at risk to ACL injury than males? State the factor, explain and provide exmaples
1) biomechanical factors:
- deficiencies in training with regard to skill level
- proprioception/coordination
- muscular balance & recruitment
2) hormonal factors:
- the crucial effect of estrogen on ligament laxity
- cartiladge gets weaker when females are on their periods
3) anatomic risk factors:
- femoral notch width
- increased Q angle
create a progressive return to activity plan for a volleyball player returing to play after shoulder dislocation injury rehabilitation
- initial assessment (have full ROM)
- fundamental movements (shoulder mobility, range of motion, etc. based on initial assessment)
- fundamental movements w/added load (slowly add weight to the exercises)
- regain sport specific skills (drills to stengthen rotator cuff for spiking, serving, etc.)
the care of an injured athlete should address what two main goals?
1) educate the athlete how to prevent the injury from re-occuring
2) rehabilitation of the injury
discuss “thrower’s elbow” in terms of its medical name and definition, it etiology, and how it can be prevented
medical name: tendonitis/ Medial epicondylitis
definition: irritation of the rotator cuff tendon or biceps tendon (bicipital tendonitis)
etiology: overuse from throwing (rapid overhead movement involving excessive elbow flexion and supination)
prevention: ice packs, avoid overuse, spica
describe what is meant by distal or proximal rupture of a muscle
distal rupture: occurs when the tendon is completely torn from the bone
- distal biceps ruptures results in marked weakness with flexion and supination of the forearm
- generally needs surgical repair
proximal rupture: acute pain, swelling, and bruising (popeye sign for biceps), shortenign of the muscle
is a distal or proximal rupture more common and why? provide an example of a muscle where this may happen and why the athlete may not experience pain
proximal ruptures are more common because of the shortening of the muscles and because of the anatomical course of the tendon
- ex: biceps brachii
- no pain initially due to adrenaline
what is plantar fasciitis and how can we prevent this condition?
plantar fasciitis = chronic inflammation of plantar fascia
- pain with initial weight bearing
- point tenderness at calcaneal portion
prevention:
- choose shoes with good support
- low impact exercises
- avoid excessive high impact activities
use this diagram to inidicate anatomy and the most common injury to the structure
anatomy:
1) clavicle = acromioclavicular ligament
- dislocation or ligament tear, clavicle fracture
2) glenohumeral joint
- dislocation (full or partial)
3) biceps tendon
- proximal muscle rupture (popeye’s)
use the following diagrams to indicate anatomy and most comon injury to the structure. what is the best stress test to test this injury?
calcaneofibular ligament
- injury = lateral ankle sprain/tear
- stress test = talar tilt test
use the following diagrams to indicate anatomy and most common injury to the structure
5:
- structure = iliofemoral joint
- injury = dislocation
6:
- structure = pubis symphysis
- injury: osteitis pubis
use the following diagrams to indicate anatomy and most common injury to the structure
7:
- structure = anterior cruciate ligamnet (ACL)
- injury = ACL sprain/tear
8:
- structure = patellar tendon to the tuberal tuberosity
- injury = tendon tear
