Fertility Flashcards
What type of fertility do women have?
cyclical
What type of fertility do men have?
continuous
State 3 ways you can identify the fertile period of a female.
a) body temperature increases by 0.5oC
b) cervical mucus becomes thin and watery
c) count the number of days from day 1 (menstruation) 14ish days
State 2 ways that ovulation can be stimulated.
1) drugs prevent negative feedback effect of oestrogen on FSH secretion
2) drugs mimic action of FSH and LH
Name a treatment that can be used if the male has a low sperm count.
Artificial insemination
What treatment can be used if sperm are defective or very low in number?
ICSI (intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection)
Name the process where the head of the sperm is drawn into a needle and injected directly into the egg.
ICSI (intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection)
Name the process where eggs are surgically removed from the ovaries and then mixed with sperm in a culture dish. Fertilised eggs are incubated until they have formed at least 8 cells and then implanted.
IVF (In vitro fertilisation)
What is does PGD stand for?
Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis
What is PGD used to identify?
single gene and chromosomal disorders
Name the hormones found in the oral contraceptive pill?
oestrogen and progesterone
How does the oral contraceptive pill work?
it prevents the release of FSH and LH
Name the hormone found in the mini pill?
Progesterone only
How does the mini pill work?
It thickens the cervical mucus
State 2 effects of the morning after pill.
a) prevents ovulation
b) prevents implantation
