female reproductive

Question 1

estrogen is made in:

Answer 1

corpus luteum

Question 2

estrogen cause proliferation of:

Answer 2

stroma, blood vessels, endometrium

Question 3

function of progesterone:

Answer 3

store food in granular cells

Question 4

commonest causes of vaginal bleeding

Answer 4

hormonal disorders, genital neoplasia

Question 5

types of genital neoplasia?

Answer 5

fibroids, endometrial disease, cervical disease

Question 6

most common benign tumour of myometrium

Answer 6

fibroids

Question 7

___% women have uterine fibroids

Answer 7

20

Question 8

what is DUB?

Answer 8

dysfunctional uterine bleeding caused by absence of well-defined organic lesion in the uterus

Question 9

DUB characterized by:

Answer 9

anovulation

Question 10

endometrial hyerplasia caused by:

Answer 10

xs of estrogen (continuous proliferative phase)–>anovulatory cycles around menopause, exogenous estrogen, PCOS

Question 11

types of endometrial hyperplasia:

Answer 11

simple, complex, complex with atypia

Question 12

two types endometrial carcinoma

Answer 12

endometrioid, serous

Question 13

risk factors of endometrioid?

Answer 13

obesity, diabetes, hypertension, infertility, age 55-65

Question 14

risk factors for serous?

Answer 14

> 70 yrs age

Question 15

serous has a good or bad prognosis?

Answer 15

Bad, it’s high grade carcinoma

Question 16

20% of malignant tumours of female repro tract

Answer 16

carcinoma of cervix

Question 17

early detection of cervical cancer by:

Answer 17

PAP smear

Question 18

most common cervical cancer-causing HPV are”

Answer 18

type 16 and 18

Question 19

low grade HPV are types:

Answer 19

6 and 11

Question 20

cervical cancer arises in ___ zone

Answer 20

transformation

Question 21

cervical cancer involves __ cells

Answer 21

squamous

Question 22

what is transformation zone?

Answer 22

point where squamous epithelium becomes glandular in cervix

Question 23

early symptoms of cervical cancer

Answer 23

post-coital bleeding, vaginal discharge

Question 24

pelvic inflammatory disease involves:

Answer 24

endometritis, cervicitis, salpingitis, oophoritis

Question 25

is vulvovaginitis usually ascending or descending?

Answer 25

ascending (sex)

Question 26

chlamydia presents clinically as:

Answer 26

vaginal discharge, ab pain, infertile

Question 27

common infections:

Answer 27

herpes (blisters), HPV (warts), infectious vaginitis, chlamydia, gonorrhea, symphilis

Question 28

local symps of gonorrhea

Answer 28

urethritis, proctitis, PID, septicemia, arthritis

Question 29

where is milk made?

Answer 29

acinar duct

Question 30

____ part of acinar is where disease starts

Answer 30

terminal

Question 31

two types of fibrocystic change

Answer 31

nonproliferative, proliferative

Question 32

common benign tumour in young femals, 2-5cm

Answer 32

fibroadenoma

Question 33

fibroadenoma maybe caused by?

Answer 33

exaggerated response of breast tissue to sex hormones (estrogen)

Question 34

incidence of fibroadenoma is :

Answer 34

1 in 10 women

Question 35

most common cancer in women

Answer 35

breast cancer (1/10 women)

Question 36

risk factors for breast cancer

Answer 36

hormonal (E2 exposure, nulliparous women, anti-estrogen drugs), race (Jewish), reproductive history, premalignant fibrocystic changes (papillomatosis)

Question 37

what cause breast cancer?

Answer 37

atrophy

Question 38

two types of breast cancer?

Answer 38

infiltrating duct, lobular

Question 39

infiltrating duct characterized by a ____ tumour and ___ of nipple

Answer 39

firm, gritty; retraction

Question 40

breast cancer detected by:

Answer 40

self exam, physician palpation, mammography

Question 41

diagnosis of breast cancer:

Answer 41

fine needle aspiration, surgical biopsy