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Pathology > cell pathology > Flashcards

cell pathology Flashcards

1
Q

study of tissue diseases

A

histopathology

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2
Q

essential part of most living cells w/ DNA, RNA, proteins

A

nucleus

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3
Q

in resting cells, components in nucleus aggregate as ____ and in dividing cells, condense into ___

A

chromatin; chromosomes

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4
Q

all human cells except ___ need nucleus

A

platelets and RBC

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5
Q

^ N:C ratio found in:

A

tumour cells, embryonic cells (undifferentiated)

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6
Q

cytoplasmic ground substance

A

hyaloplasm

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7
Q

primary site of protein synth

A

RER

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8
Q

catabolism of drugs/hormones/nutrients and synth of steroids

A

SER

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9
Q

_____- are formed in golgi

A

glyco/lipoproteins

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10
Q

primary lysosomes have acid ____

A

hydrolases

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11
Q

secondary lysosomes (fusion with foreign vesicles) called

A

heterophagosomes

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12
Q

plasma mem arranged in ____ bilayer

A

polarized complex

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13
Q

paracrine stim by:

A

biogenic amines and neuropeptide hormones

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14
Q

endocrine stim by:

A

hormones released into blood

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15
Q

inside enviro of cell

A

internal milieu

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16
Q

ex. of oligominerals

A

zinc, copper, selenium, magnesium

17
Q

what are essential minerals?

A

iron, chloride, potassium, calcium

18
Q

reversible cell injury characterized by:

A

swollen mito,, switch to anaerobic metabolism, degranulated RER

19
Q

reversible cell injury may be produced by:

A

expose to toxins, hypoxia

20
Q

irreversible cell injury characterized by:

A

nuclear changes–>ultrastructural

21
Q

3 types nuclear damage

A

pyknosis (dense chromatin), karyorrhexis (fragmentation), karyolysis (dissolution)

22
Q

causes of cell injury

A

hypoxia, toxins, microbe pathogens, endogenous mediators, gene/metabolic disturbances

23
Q

examples of hypoxia

A

myocardial infarction, choking

24
Q

Cells change to another type

A

Metaplasia

25
Q

Usually due to chronic irritation or hormone stim

A

Hyperplasia

26
Q

3 types of necrosis

A

Coagulative, liquifactive, caseous

27
Q

Type of necrosis in TB

A

Caseous (cheesy)

28
Q

Secondary Infection of necrotic tissue

A

Gangrène

29
Q

decrease in size of cell

A

atrophy

30
Q

hyperplasia caused by :

A

hormonal stim, chronic irritation

31
Q

accumulation of coal particles

A

anthracosis

32
Q

accumulation of blood-derived brown pigment

A

hemosiderosis

33
Q

exogenously induced death

A

necrosis

34
Q

programmed cell death

A

apoptosis

35
Q

death of cells after death of organism

A

autolysis

36
Q

most common type of necrosis marked by rapid inactivation of hydrolytic enzymes?

A

coagulative

37
Q

liquefactive necrosis common in_____

A

brain

Pathology (19 decks)

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