Fellowship - October 2014 Flashcards
What do steroids do to ADH?
Suppress it.
Which SSRI is FDA approved for hot flashes?
Paroxetine
What is the most common cause of uric acid stones?
Low pH
Does toxic multinodular goiter ever burn out?
No
Which two places does follicular carcinoma of the thyroid typically metastasize to?
- Lung
- Bone
All patients with follicular carcinoma of the thyroid get radioactive iodine remnant ablation.
True or false?
True
All the criteria of SIADH are met; but the ADH levels are undetectable.
Diagnosis?
Nephrogenic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis.
What causes nephrogenic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis?
Gain-of-function mutation in the renal vasopressin V2 receptor causing increased water resorption.
Per the GEMINI trial which causes more increased insulin sensitivity; metoprolol or carvedilol?
Carvedilol because of its alpha-blocking activity.
What happens to bone mineral density in the first year after solid organ transplantation (e.g. heart transplant)?
Decreases (large and rapid decline).
Where in the sleep cycle is the cortisol level the highest?
Immediately after waking up (8 am).
What does heparin do to free T4 levels?
Increases them.
Woman with short stature (compared to parents) presents with hyperandrogenism, oligomenorrhea and infertility.
Diagnosis?
Non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
How many surgical levels of the neck are they?
6
Amiodarone induced thyrotoxicosis type 1.
Etiology?
Underlying thyroid disease.
Amiodarone induced thyrotoxicosis type 1.
Treatment?
Anti-thyroid medications.
Amiodarone induced thyrotoxicosis type 2.
Etiology?
Destructive thyroiditis (direct toxicity of amiodarone).
Amiodarone induced thyrotoxicosis type 2.
Treatment?
Glucocorticoids (prednisone 40 - 60 mg daily tapered over 2 - 3 months.
Are uric acid stones radio-opaque or radiolucent?
Radiolucent
What are the three main (naturally occurring) food sources of vitamin D?
- Fish
- Egg yolk
- Mushrooms
Why do you need to order CT of the adrenals even if primary hyperaldosteronism has been biochemically confirmed instead of just proceeding with AVS?
To rule out adrenal carcinoma.
What is the pleural of xanthelasma?
Xathelasmata
Xanthoma
Xanthomata
Is Cushing’s syndrome caused by excess cortisol secretion from adrenal nodules more common in males or females?
Equally common in both.
Is Cushing’s disease (pituitary source) more common in males or females?
Females
If the ACTH is less than 10 and cortisol is high then what is the source of the excess cortisol?
Adrenal gland
If the ACTH is more than 25 and the patient has cortisol excess, what’s the diagnosis?
Cushing’s disease
What does the cortisol have to be for the metyrapone test to be adequate?
Less than 5 mg/dL
In primary biliary cirrhosis is LDL cholesterol rich or triglyceride rich?
Triglyceride rich.
In primary biliary cirrhosis is VLDL more cholesterol rich or triglyceride rich?
Cholesterol rich.
What kind of glucose is the purple PD bag?
Icodextrin
How often do you give denosumab in bony metastasis secondary to prostate cancer?
Every 28 days.
If patient has hypoglycemia and they are on beta-blockers (non-selective) then which clinical response will still occur?
Sweating
Which short acting insulin analog can you not use T-slim pumps?
Apidra
Does the glucose correct to the lower number or the higher number of the glucose target when using an omnipod?
Lower number
What is the inheritance pattern of Pendred Syndrome?
Autosomal recessive.
