ENDO2015

Question 0

When treating menopause - do studies show estrogen alone is more dangerous in older women than combined estrogen + progesterone therapy (for cardiovascular end-point)?

Answer 0

No conclusive evidence.

Question 1

When treating menopause - do studies show that estrogen + progesterone is safer in younger women (from cardiovascular end point)?

Answer 1

Yes

Question 2

When converting patient from U-100 to U-500 what should you do to the total daily dose if the HbA1c is high-ish (8 - 10%)?

Answer 2

Keep the same dose.

Question 3

When converting U-100 to U-500 in a patient with a normal/controlled HbA1c what should you do to the total daily dose?

Answer 3

Decrease it by 10 - 20%

Question 4

How many shots of U-500 should be given if total daily dose is under 300 units?

Answer 4

Two (BID)

Question 5

How many shots of U-500 should be given if total daily dose is 300 - 600 units?

Answer 5

Three (TID)

Question 6

How many shots of U-500 should be given if total daily dose is over 600 units?

Answer 6

Four (QID)

Question 7

Do patients with ESRD have a risk reduction for cardiovascular disease when a statin is started?

Answer 7

No

No benefit at all of cardiovascular benefit

Question 8

Do patients after kidney transplant benefit (from cardiovascular risk point of view) from statins?

Answer 8

Yes

Question 9

Is there an increase in harm from using statins in ESRD patients?

Answer 9

No

Question 10

Is the cardiovascular risk reduction in early stage CKD patients or renal transplant patients less than or equal to risk reduction in non-renal patients?

Answer 10

Risk reduction is the same.

Question 11

Why is PSA monitored when patients are put on testosterone therapy?

Answer 11

Because of the theoretical risk that an occult prostate cancer will be exacerbated.
(Levels fluctuate with therapy)

Question 12

What is the average fluctuation of PSA values in people not on testosterone therapy?

Answer 12

1.4 ng/dL

So a rise more than 1.4 ng/dL warrants a urology referral

Question 13

Which PSA levels are followed per endocrine guidelines?

Total or total/free PSA levels

Answer 13

Total PSA values

Question 14

Which antibodies should be tested for to see if a patient have primary ovarian insufficiency?

Answer 14

Adrenal antibodies (ovarian antibodies are not specific)

Question 15

Is degree of thyroid auto-immunity correlated with ovarian auto-immunity?

Answer 15

No

Question 16

Does pituitary resistance to thyroid hormone usually develop during childhood or adulthood?

Answer 16

Childhood

Question 17

Steroid treatment after radioactive iodine treatment for Grave’s disease with ophthalmopathy.

Dose and duration?

Answer 17

Prednisolone 15 - 40 mg for 6 weeks to 2 months

Question 18

Who produces more growth hormone: pre-menopausal women, post-menopausal women or men?

Answer 18

Pre-menopausal women

Question 19

Are growth hormone requirements higher in patients taking transdermal or oral estrogen?

Answer 19

Oral estrogen

Question 20

What does growth hormone do to cortisol levels?

Answer 20

Decreases it.

Question 21

What does growth hormone do to free T4 levels?

Answer 21

Decreases them

Question 22

What does estrogen do to IGF-1 levels?

Answer 22

Decreases it.

Question 23

Adrenal mass with Hounsfield units of less than -30 (pure fat).

Diagnosis?

Answer 23

Myelolipoma

Question 24

What are the Hounsfield units of an adrenal cyst?

Answer 24

10 - 20 units

Question 25

Is MIBG taken up by normal adrenals?

Answer 25

Yes - especially the left adrenal gland

Question 26

What happens to bone density after bariatric surgery?

Answer 26

It decreases

Question 27

Should you start a bisphosphonate in the setting of a low calcium intake?

Answer 27

No

Question 28

Are oral bisphosphonates a good idea after bariatric surgery?

Answer 28

No - they can pre-dispose to ulcers.

Question 29

Is the ratio of LH/FSH high or low in hypothalamic amenorrhea?

Answer 29

Low

The LH is usually low-normal to low; and is usually not higher than the FSH

Question 30

Do you do FNA biopsy of nodule you suspect to be parathyroid carcinoma?

Answer 30

No

Contra-indicated because of cutaneous spread

Question 31

Does adjuvant chemotherapy work in parathyroid carcinoma?

Answer 31

No

Question 32

Is it a good idea to treat someone on aromatase inhibitors for breast cancer with tamoxifen?

Answer 32

No studies have been done so there is no evidence to prove that it is.

Question 33

What happens to thyroglobulin antibodies after radioactive iodine treatment?

Answer 33

Usually goes up.

Question 34

At what dose of grapefruit juice do statin doses need to be reduced?

Answer 34

750 mL/day or more

high dose grapefruit juice - one glass would contain 250 - 300 mL of grapefruit juice

Question 35

Which three statins need to have doses reductions with high dose grapefruit/grapefruit juice?

Answer 35

• Atorvastatin
• Simvastatin
• Lovastatin

Question 36

Approximately how many mL is a grapefruit?

Answer 36

~ 800 mL

Question 37

What kidney stones are you likely to get after Roux-en-Y surgery?

Answer 37

Calcium oxalate stones

Question 38

What abnormality can be seen on pituitary MRI in diabetes insipidus?

Answer 38

Thickened pituitary stalk

Question 39

What is the most common endocrinology abnormality in pituitary metastasis?

Answer 39

Diabetes insipidus

Question 40

Can subclinical hyperthyroidism cause atrial fibrillation?

Answer 40

Yes

Question 41

Does warfarin cause decreased BMD?

Answer 41

No