ENDO 2014 Flashcards
When was the first patient treated with insulin?
1922
Boy named Thompson
When was insulin discovered?
1921
What is glypican-4?
Insulin receptor modulator.
Present mostly in insulin sensitive tissue
How many grams of islet cells do we have in the human body?
Less then one gram.
The definition of metabolic syndrome should be redefined in Asians because they get diabetes at lower BMI.
True or False!
True
Low height is an independent predictor of gestational diabetes in Asians (Chinese).
True or false?
True
Is there an association between air pollution and diabetes?
Yes. There is increased incidence of diabetes.
Asian populations have been found to respond better to DDP-4 inhibitors as monotherapy and in combination therapies.
True or false.
True.
Meta analysis done in Kornea
What is a universal marker for neuroendocrine tumors?
Chromogranin
What proportion of patients with congenital precocious puberty (CPP) are found to have familial CPP?
25%
What disease does Pasireotide treat?
Cushing’s disease.
What should you do if you suspect partial di-iodinase deficiency?
Endo 2014 - increase the dose of T4
Sasan - add a little bit of T3
The average height of patients with hemochromatosis are taller than general population?
True or false?
True
Is hypophosphatasia acquired or inherited?
It is an inherited metabolic disorder
Which is more effective at raising 25-OH vitamin D levels: D2 (ergocalciferol) or D3 (cholecalciferol)?
D3 (cholecalciferol).
Low kisspeptin levels may predict miscarriage.
True or false?
True
Does testosterone improve fertility?
No
How much does testosterone level drop in men who lose a spouse?
By more than 10 years of ageing.
What is abaloparatide?
PTHrP1-34 analog to treat osteoporosis
What’s the failure rate of radioactive iodine in Grave’s disease?
About 10%
Does radioactive iodine increase the risk of cancer?
Not really.
Risk equivalent of three chest x-rays
When can you check a thyroid radioactive uptake scan in a patient who’s been on amiodarone?
When the patient has been off amiodarone for a year.
What kind of ultrasound do you do thyroid disease?
Color flow Doppler
What do you see on ultrasound in hyperthyroidism?
Increased vascular blood flow
How soon after radioactive iodine therapy can patient become pregnant safely?
6 months
How do you rule out familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia?
Calculating fractional excretion of urine calcium - it should be less than < 0.01 (1%)
Are parathyroid adenomas usually hyperechoic or hypoechoic?
Hypoechoic.
What the are the two absolute contraindications for FNA biopsy of parathyroid adenoma?
- Familial jaw tumor hyperparathyroidism syndrome.
- Parathyroid carcinoma.
Which route of administration of bromocriptine reduces the gastrointestinal side effects of the drug?
Intra-vaginal.
Which is the longest acting dopamine agonist?
Cabergoline
If a patient has subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy - should they be treated with levothyroxine?
Yes
How should the dose of levothyroxine be changed after a hypothyroid pregnant patient delivers?
Decrease levothyroxine to pre-pregnancy level.
Should the renin be suppressed or elevated when doing AVS for lateralisation of aldosterone source?
Suppressed
