Feline Diseases 1

Question 1

Etiology of Panleuk

Answer 1

 Kittens 2 to 6 months of age most commonly infected.
 Unvaccinated cats of any age can be infected.
 Older cats typically have less severe disease.

Question 2

Clinical Signs of Panleuk

Answer 2

	Depression
	Vomiting
	Diarrhea
	Severe Dehydration
	Death: High Mortality

Question 3

Diagnosis of Panleuk

Answer 3

	Clinical signs
	Vaccine status
	Panleukopenia: all leukocytes suppressed
	Canine Parvo ELISA test detects FPV
	Serologic testing: Paired titers
	Necropsy

Question 4

Treatment of Panleuk

Answer 4

 Fluid therapy
 Blood transfusions
 Antibiotics

Question 5

Prevention of Panleuk

Answer 5

 All surfaces exposed to the infected cat must be cleaned with bleach solution: 1oz of bleach to 32 ounces of water.
 Virus is resistant to most disinfectants.
 Isolate infected animals and use precautions as in canine parvo virus infection.
 Keep infected cats away from dogs!
 All Kittens should be vaccinated by 8 weeks of age with FVRCP vaccine!
 All adult cats should be vaccinated at least every 3 years.

Question 6

Infectious Diseases of Cats

Answer 6

	Infectious Diseases of Cats
	Feline Panleukopenia 
	Feline Rhinotracheitis 
	Feline Infectious Anemia
	Feline Leukemia Virus Infection
	Feline Immunodeficiency Virus
	Feline Infectious Peritonitis

Question 7

Feline Core Vaccines

Answer 7

 Feline Herpesvirus 1 (FHV 1)
 Feline Calicivirus (FCV)
 Feline Panleukopenia virus (FPV)
 Rabies

Question 8

Feline Panleukopenia or “Feline Distemper”

Answer 8

 Acute, enteric viral infection of cats.
 Caused by Feline Parvo Virus (FPV)
 Canine Parvo virus strains 2-a, 2-b and 2-c can cause feline panleukopenia.
 Canine Parvo Virus may have originated in cats!

Question 9

Pathophysiology of Panluek

Answer 9

 Virus infects rapidly dividing cells, causing acute cell damage.
 Bone Marrow infection results in suppression of production of all blood cells.
 GI infection leads to damage to intestinal crypt cells and blunting of villi similar to canine parvo virus.

Question 10

Reproduction and Pathophysiology of panluek

Answer 10

 Inutero infection leads to still birth, fetal death,fetal reabsortion, abortions, and fetal mummification.
 Rapidly dividing cells in kittens, in the eye and cerebellum, are infected resulting in cerebellar hypoplasia and retinal dysplasia
 Kittens will be ataxic and may be blind.

Question 11

Pathophysiology of Feline Calicivirus (FCV)

Answer 11

 Common viral disease of cats that affects the respiratory system, eyes, joints and hemolymphatic system.
 Virus causes cytolysis of infected cells resulting in tissue damage.
 Most common in kittens <6 weeks old.
 Cats of any age can show disease.

Question 12

Clinical Signs of Feline Calicivirus

Answer 12

	Anorexia
	Oral ulcers (stomatitis)
	Ocular and/or nasal discharge
	Fever
	Dyspnea
	Lameness
	Systemic hemorrhage

Question 13

Diagnosis of Feline Calicivirus

Answer 13

 Clinical signs
 Serologic testing
 Viral isolation/viral cultures

Question 14

Treatment of Feline Calicivirus

Answer 14

	Supportive Care
	Antibiotics for secondary infections
	Pain control if arthritis is present
	Oxygen may be needed with pneumonia
	Maaloxx may be helpful as an oral anethestic. Use 1 to 2 cc on the tongue bid.

Question 15

Expected course & prognosis of Feline Calicivirus

Answer 15

 Clinical signs appear 3 to 4 days after exposure.
 Disease resolves in 10 to 14 days after exposure.
 Prognosis is good for uncomplicated cases.
 Pneumonia or hemorrhagic disease have poor prognosis.

Question 16

Prevention of Feline Calicivirus

Answer 16

 Isolate infected cats.
 Virus is killed by most disinfectants.
 Vaccinate all kittens for FVRCP by 8 to 10 weeks of age. Booster 3 to 4wks later.
 All cats should be vaccinated at least every 3 years.

Question 17

FCV associated systemic disease or FCV-VSD

Answer 17

 Caused by a virulent strain of Calicivirus.
 Cats have severe systemic disease.
 Infects cats that are current on vaccination for FCV.
 Adult cats have the most severe disease.
 High mortality rate!!!! 33% TO 60%
 Highly Contagious !!!!!

Question 18

Clinical Signs of FCV associated systemic disease

Answer 18

 Same as calici virus and:
 Profound fever
 Marked subcutaneous edema of limbs and face.
 Crusting and ulceration of nose, lips, pinna and feet.
 Icterus
 Ulcerations on pads
 Limb edema

Question 19

Diagnosis of FCV associated systemic disease

Answer 19

 Clinical signs
 Virus isolation with PCR
 Necropsy findings

Question 20

Treatment of FCV associated systemic disease

Answer 20

 Supportive care in the hospital.
 Isolate all animals!!!
 Prognosis is guarded to poor.

Question 21

Prevention of FCV associated systemic disease

Answer 21

 A vaccine is avaliable for FCV-VSD
 “Cat Flu”
 Concurrent infection with Feline Herpes Virus 1 and Calicivirus.
 Common in households with large numbers of cats.
 Common in shelters.