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FA Resp Flashcards

1
Q

Samters triad

A

Asthma, rhino sinusitis with nasal polyps, and intolerance to aspirin and NSAIDS

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2
Q

Asthma attack drugs

A

Systemic steroids, inhaled SABA, ipratroprium

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3
Q

Most accurate test for bronchiectasis

A

High res CT

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4
Q

Treat ABPA

A

Steroids and anti fungal (vorinacazole)

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5
Q

Basilar predominant COPD

A

Think a1antitrypsin

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6
Q

Asthma vs COPD

A

Bronchodilator reversibility in asthma

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7
Q

Lofgren

A

Sarcoid with EN, bilateral hilar lymph, migratory polyarthralgia, and fever

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8
Q

Treat Lofgren

A

Supportive and NSAID

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9
Q

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis chronic CXR feature

A

Upper lobe fibrosis

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10
Q

Who gets hypersensitivity pneumonitis?

A

Farmers, bird owners

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11
Q

Linear opacities in lungs, calcified pleural plaques, fibrosis

A

Asbestosis

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12
Q

A-a is normal when

A

Problem is hypoventilation or low inspired o2

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13
Q

Increase oxygenation

A

Fi02, PEEP

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14
Q

Increase ventilation

A

RR VT

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15
Q

Flail chest treat first

A

PEEP

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16
Q

PEEP in heart failure

A

Improves in left because decreases preload and after load by increasing intrathoracic pressure
Worsen in right because increased intrathoracic pressure increases pulmonary vascular pressure

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17
Q

How to minimize alectrauma

A

PEEP

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18
Q

Wave form
- Increased PIP, normal plateau
- Increase in both

A

Airway! Increased airway resistance but normal lung compliance
Lung! Normal airway resistance but reduced lung compliance

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19
Q

Correct decreased PO2 on ABG

A

Increase PEEP or Fi02

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20
Q

Correct decreased PCO2 on ABG

A

Decrease respiratory rate or TV

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21
Q

Diagnostic test pulmonary hypertension

A

Pressure >20

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22
Q

Lung cancer clubbing HPOA

A

Adenocarcinoma

23
Q

PTH lung cancer

24
Q

Carcinoid syndrome

A

Flushing, diarrhoea, wheezing

25
Q

Gynaecomastia lung cancer

A

Large cell

26
Q

Migratory thrombophlebitis lung cancer

A

Adenocarcinoma

27
Q

Septic shock secondary to pneumonia treat

A

Vasopressors and ICU admission

28
Q

Antigenic drift

A

Small, gradual changes in surface proteins through mutations in viruses

29
Q

Antigenic shift

A

Acute, major change in the influenza A subtype circulating in humans, leads to pandemics

30
Q

Why can people get infected with influenza multiple times?

A

Antigenic drift

31
Q

Who gets histoplasmosis
Where?

A

HIV, AIDS, bats or birds, Ohio and Mississippi valley

32
Q

South west US fungal infection

A

Coccidiodomycosis

33
Q

Fungal infection southeastern US, Mississippi and Ohio

A

Blastomycosis

34
Q

Fungal resp illness US treat

A

Mild: Itraconazole or fluconazole
Severe: IV amphotericin B

35
Q

Anthrax

A

Caused by bacillus anthraces
From farmers, vets, handle animal wool or hail

36
Q

GI presentation anthrax

A

Poorly cooked meat, bloody diarrhoea

37
Q

Skin anthrax

A

Black ulcer

38
Q

Treat anthrax

A

Cipro or doxy

39
Q

What is Ludwig angina

A

Progressive cellulitis of submandibular space that cause airway comparomise airway from rapidly expanding oedema
IV antibiotics

40
Q

Life threatening fungal cellulitis

A

Mucor
Rhizopus

41
Q

Complicated parapneumonic effusions require

A

Chest drainage

42
Q

What is parapneumonic effusion?

A

Effusion arriving from pneumonia, lung abscess, bronchiectasis

43
Q

Primary spontaneous pneumothorax is from

44
Q

Small pneumothorax <2cm treat

A

Observation with O2

45
Q

Large or symptomatic pneumothorax

A

Needle aspiration or chest tube

46
Q

Unstable or recurrent pneumothorax

A

Chest drain

47
Q

OHS + OSA treat

48
Q

OHS + hypoventiallation

49
Q

Treat nasal polyps

A

Oral corticosteroids

50
Q

Vasomotor rhinitis

A

Increased blood flow to nasal mucosa, temperature changes or dry air, odors

51
Q

Gustatory rhinitis

A

Clear after food (spicy)

52
Q

Senile (atopic) rhinorrhea

A

Nasal glands that produce moisture fail to function adequately

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