Extra detail: Economic developments Flashcards
What weakened production after 1921?
- Strikes
- Managerial inefficiency
- Low levels of mechanisation
Who did officials blame for low production levels?
Blamed nepmen for obstructing central planners
Who did factory managers blame for low production levels?
Blamed government officials for interfering and demanding unrealistically low prices
What percentage of the peasant population was working on collective farms in 1928?
5%
How were industrialisation and agriculture and collectivisation linked?
The regime needed sufficient food to supply the workers and a grain surplus to pay for industrial equipment and investment.
What was a kolkhoz?
A collective farm
What was a sovkhoz?
A state farm
What were kolkhozes like?
Similar to peasant communes in tsarist Russia, ~75 peasant families working as brigades in a farm cooperative
What were sovkhozes like?
Often operated on land confiscated by the state from estate owners and given to landless peasants who became state-controlled workers
What were many peasants doing during the grain procurement crisis in 1927-28?
Concentrating on growing other goods which they could sell for higher prices because grain prices were low
What was the target for electricity in the first 5YP?
6x more electrical power by 1933 compared to 1928
Why was the Magnitaya area chosen for the construction of Magnitogorsk?
Because of its vast reserves of iron ore
