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microbiology > exam two (microbial eukaryotes) > Flashcards

exam two (microbial eukaryotes) Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

5 supergroups of eukarya

A

archaeaplastida, SAR clade, excavata, amoeboza, opisthokonta

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2
Q

opisthokonta are ____ and ____

A

fungi and animals

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3
Q

fungi cell wall is ____

A

chitin

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4
Q

fungi are eukaryotic with membrane bound ___ and ___

A

nucleus and organelles

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5
Q

fungi are _____ and _____ to living organisms; they do not do photosynthesis

A

decomposers and pathogenic

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6
Q

two categories of fungi

A

yeast and mold

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7
Q

____ is unicellular (fungi)

A

yeast

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8
Q

____ consists of long filaments (Cells) called hyphae

A

mold

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9
Q

hyphae can be aerial instead of going deep and attaching, what is the aerial hyphae called

A

mycelium

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10
Q

at the tip of aerial hyphae there are ___

A

spores

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11
Q

there is a ___ ___ on mold (mushrooms), there are spores on these fruiting bodies

A

fruiting body

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12
Q

____ are obligate intracellular parasite which lack mitochondria and other organelles; as well as some metabolic genes (fungi)

A

microsporidia

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13
Q

the microsporidia punches through the host membrane with a ___ ___

A

polar tube

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14
Q

once the polar tube has been injected _____ (seeds) grow and divide inside the host cell; they grow and become microsporidia

A

sporoplasms

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15
Q

_____ is the earliest diverging fungal lineage

A

chytridiomycota

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16
Q

zoospores are a motile, single flagellum which allow what fungi to move (degrade organic matter)

A

chytridiomycota

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17
Q

bread mold (black) is what fungi

A

mucoromycota

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18
Q

largest fungal group; contains many fungal pathogens and sacrophytes

A

ascomycota

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19
Q

grows on dead organic matte

A

sacrophytes

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20
Q

what is ascomycota defining feature

A

ascus (sac that holds reproductive spores)

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21
Q

mushrooms; cryptococcus neoformans

A

basidiomycota

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22
Q

pedestal structure at the end of hyphae

A

basidium (has spores on top)

23
Q

fungi

symbiots of 80% of plants; important component of mycorrhizae

A

glomeromycota

24
Q

fungus provides nutrients and resides on plant root, plant provides carbohydrates (symbiosis)

A

glomeromycota

25
Q

ectomycorrhiza grow on ____ of root between plant cells

A

outside

26
Q

endomycorrhizae penetrate cell walls and grow on ____

A

inside

27
Q

what is the wood wide web

A

interconnecting filaments around roots; network of mycelia that connect plants with each other

28
Q

enhance growth, increase water/ nutrient uptake, support plant diversity and disease resistance, these are all ebenfits of?

A

mycorrhizae web

29
Q

can live in water or land; have symbiotic and parasitic interactions; have unique motility behaviors

A

protists

30
Q

true parasites are ___

A

protists

31
Q

a diverse protist; ex. is giardia whicg causes intestinal distress

A

excavata

32
Q

a type of excavata which is motile by flagellum in membrane flap

A

trypanosoma

33
Q

trypanosoma are involved in whcih diseases (excavata)

A

tsetse fly (sleeping sickness’); kissing bug (chagas disease)

34
Q

an aquatic motile, photosynthetic excavata

A

euglenids

35
Q

photosynthetic protist; not parasitic to humans

A

euglena

36
Q

in SAR clade: diatoms that are single cell algae; photosynthetic and have a cell wall of silica (protists)

A

stramenophiles

37
Q

the cell wall of stramenophiles is unique why

A

it survives after death

38
Q

protist

have little air sacs under membrane called alveoli (SAR clade)

A

alveolata

39
Q

paramecium motile by cilia; eat bacteria through oral groove

A

ciliates (alveolata)

40
Q

aqautic alveolata that have bioluminescense and do photosyntheiss

A

dinoflagellates

41
Q

the dinoflagellates are the cause of

A

red tide

42
Q

when you see red tide the dinoflagellates are releasing a toxin which builds up where

A

in shellfish, then humans eat it and get sick

43
Q

are alveolata that are obligate parasites

A

apicomplexans

44
Q

the apicomplexans have apical complex of organelles that aid in ___ ____; they are toxoplasmic (gets in cat litter because of mice) and have plasmodium

A

tissue invasion

45
Q

member of SAR clade that is single celled and has threadlike pseudopodia (with calcium carbonate); help with motility and feeding

A

rhizaria

45
Q

famous plasmodium causes ____ and invades red blood cells

A

malaria

46
Q

Foraminifera
Radiolaria
are?

A

rhizaria

47
Q

parasitic amoebozoa that is obtained from amebic dysentary: fecal contamination of water and food; grows on __ ___

A

entamoeba histolytica; intestinal mucosa

48
Q

unicellular slime mold, which understarvation makes a multicellular slug; eventually creates a fruiting body to be unicellular again (amoebozoa)

A

dictyostelium

49
Q

red and green algae; phycoerytherin comes from red algae. they are?

A

arachaeplastida

50
Q

chlorphylls a and b; has volvox or chlamydomonas; endolithic algae

A

green algae

51
Q

endolithic algae grows where

A

in rocks

52
Q

colonial; and colony swims in coordinated fashion

A

volvox

53
Q

4 type of important SAR clade (protists)

A

rhizaria, stramenophiles, alveolata, apicomplexans

microbiology (17 decks)

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