Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology 2 > Exam II: Sexual Development and Repro. Hormones > Flashcards

Exam II: Sexual Development and Repro. Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

Which type of sexual differentiation is determined at fertilization

A

Genetic sex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the testis determining genes?

A

SRY and SOX9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which hormones are involved in phenotypic sex?

A

AMH, T, DihydroT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does SRY stand for?

A

Sex Determining region of the Y chromosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where is SRY synthesized

A

In sex cord of male

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What do the Sex cords in males differentiate into?

A

Seminiferous tubules and rete testis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which cells in the male produce AMH?

A

Pre-sertoli cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What happens to the sex cords in the absence of SRY?

A

Develop into follicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How does free martinism happen?

A

male and female calf
Fusion of placental circulation
AMH transferred from male to female

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Disagreement b/t chromosomal and gonadal sex

A

Sex reversal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the two functional areas for secretion of GnRH in Females?

A
  1. Tonic

2. Surge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the effect of T on the hypothalamus?

A

T crosses the BBB and is converted to estradiol, which defeminizes the hypothalamus, eliminating the surge center

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

T/F Estradiol does not cross the BBB?

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why does Estradiol produced by the ovaries not cross the BBB?

A

Bound to alpha-fetoprotein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The key to development of a testis rather than an ovary in mammals is:

a. TDF
b. T
c. Estradiol
d. Epithelial growth factor
e. Neuropeptide Y

A

a.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Signaling molecules produced i the body that regulate activity of certain cells and organs

A

Hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the 3 main classes of hormones?

A
  1. Steroids
  2. Peptides
  3. Eicosanoids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the 2 endocrine hormones discussed in class?

A
  1. Estradiol

2. FSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the Neuroendocrine hormone discussed in class?

A

1 GnRH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Paracrine or Autocrine:

T from Leydig cells influences sertoli cells in the testis.

A

Paracrine

21
Q

Paracrine or Autocrine:

E from Sertoli cells hastens pubertal development of these cells

A

Autocrine

22
Q

T/F. Endocrine control is faster, but longer lasting than neural control

A

F. Slower and longer lasting

23
Q

T/F Hormones have relatively short half lives

A

T

24
Q

What are the 4 characteristics of hormones discussed in class?

A
  1. Act in low quantities
  2. Short half lives
  3. bind to specific receptors
  4. Regulate intracellular biochemical reactions
25
Q

What are the 4 determinants of strength of a hormone?

A
  1. Pattern and duration of secretion
  2. Half life
  3. Receptor density
  4. Affinity receptor hormone
26
Q

The rate at which a hormone is cleared from the circulation

A

Half life

27
Q

Bind to the specific receptor and have the same biological response that the native hormone

A

Agonist

28
Q

Produces maximal response greater than endogenous hormone

A

Super agonist

29
Q

Bind to the receptor but it has weak or no biological effect

A

Antagonist

30
Q

Where is GnRH produced?

A

Hypothalamus

31
Q

Where is FSH, Oxytocin and LH produced?

A

Pituitary gland

32
Q

Where is estradiole, T, inhibin, relaxin and progesterone produced?

A

Ovary

33
Q

Where is T, inhibin, and Estradiol produced

A

Testis

34
Q

Where is PGF2a produced?

A

Uterus

35
Q

What are the 4 ways we can classify hormones based on biochemical structure?

A
  1. peptide
  2. glycoproteins
  3. Steroids
  4. Prostaglandins
36
Q

Which cells in the ovaries produce E (Estradiol)?

A

Follicular cells

37
Q

Generic term for molecules with action like estradiol

A

Estrogens

38
Q

How are endogenous estrogens synthesized?

A

Synthesized from androgens by action of aromatase

39
Q

Where is progesterone produced?

A

CL of Ovary

40
Q

What are the 2 cell types of the ovary?

A

Granulosa and theca cells

41
Q

Which cell type of the ovary, granulosa or theca, make Progesterone?

A

Both

42
Q

Where is Progesterone metabolized?

A

Liver

43
Q

What are the functions of P?

A
  1. Development and function of uterus
  2. Closes off cervix
  3. maintenance of Pregnancy
  4. development of mammary glands
44
Q

Class of hormones that bind to P receptors?

A

Progestagens

45
Q

Bigest source of T in the male

A

Leydig cells of the testes

46
Q

Where is T metabolized

A

Mostly in liver, some in prostate

47
Q

Functions of T

A
  1. Masculinization
  2. Maturation of male repro tract
  3. Spermatogenesis
  4. Muscle mass, bone density
48
Q

Class of compounds binding to androgen receptors, T-like hormones

A

Androgens

49
Q

T/F Estradiol can have both positive and negative feedback effects at the level of the hypothalamus

A

T

Physiology 2 (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions