Exam 6 Vocab Flashcards
These levels are extablished to ensure adequate protection of employees at exposures below the OSHA limits, but to minimize the compliance burdens for employers whose employees have exposures below the 8 hour permissible exposure limits (PEL). For HCHO, this is .5 ppm. Exposure limit usually one half of the OSHA legal limit for a regulated substance
Action Level
Al-Exposure Limits
To disperse as an aerosol; minute particles of blood and water become atomized and suspended in air when water under pressure meets the blood drainage or when flushing an uncovered flush sink
Aerosolization
An abnormally excessive amount of albumin in the urine
Albuminuria
A material which can trigger an allergic reaction
Allergen
Uneven heartbeat
Arrhythmia
Freedom from infection and from any form of life; sterility
Asepsis
A material which can cause suffocation
Asphyxiant
Apparatus used for sterilization by steam pressure, usually at 250F/121C for a specific time
Autoclave
Biological agent or condition that constitutes a hazard to humans
Biohazard
A carcinogen potentially produced when formaldehyde and sodium hypochlorite come into contact with each other. Normally occurs only in a controlled laboratory setting and requires a catalyst
Bischloromethyl Ether
OSHA regulation regulating the employee’s exposure to blood and other body fluids.
Bloodborne Pathogen Rule
Human blood, human blood components, and products made from human blood
Blood
Pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans. These pathogens include but are not limited to Hep B, HIV
Bloodborne Pathogens
Laundry which has been soiled with blood r other potentially infectious materials or may contain sharps
Contaminated Laundry
Any contaminated object that can penetrate the skin including, but not limited to, needles, scalpels, broken glass, and exposed ends of wires
Contaminated Sharps
Piercing mucous membranes or the skin barrier through such events as needlesticks, human bits, cuts, and abrasions
Parenteral
A cancer causing chemical or material
Carcinogen
A major agency of the Department of Health and Human Services, with headquarters in Atlanta, GA, concerned with all phases of control of communicable, vectorborne, and occupational diseases
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
The application of chemical reagents in the treatment of diseases in humans, causing an elevated preservation demand
Chemotherapy
Disease that may be transmitted either directly or indirectly between individuals by an infectious agent
Communicable Disease
Irritation of the conjunctival lining of the eye, leading to swelling and redness
Conjunctivitis
Disease that may be transmitted between individuals, with reference to the organism that causes a disease
Contagious Disease
The presence or the reasonably anticipated presence of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item or surface
Contaminated
Causing visible destruction of living tissue at point of contact
Corrosive
A disease of the CNS with unknown etiology, assumed to be a slow virus; because of unknown etiology, care givers using invasive procedure use extreme caution
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
General inflammation of the skin
Dermatitis
Any deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of a body part, organ, or system
Disease
OSHA required safety device for a release of a copious amount of water in a short time
Drench Shower
Difficult or painful breathing
Dyspnea
A disease of the skin characterized by itching, redness and scaling
Eczema
A swelling of tissue due to the collection of fluids
Edema
Nosebleed
Epistaxis
Procedures that isolate or remove the bloodborne pathogen hazard from the workplace such as sharps disposal container, self-sheating needles
Engineering Controls
A governmental agency with environmental protection regulatory and enforcement authority
Environmental Protection Agency
Is found in products as either the tetrasodium or disodium salt. They react chemically to bind calcium which inhibits the blood clotting mechanism. It is a skin irritant, causing dryness and cracking
Ethylenediamine Tetracetic Acid (EDTA)
A specific eye, mouth, other mucous membrane, non-intact skin or parenteral, contract with blood or OPIM that results from the performance of an employee’s duties
Exposure Incident
OSHA required emergency safety device providing a steady stream of water for flushing the eye
Eyewash Station
OSHA regulation limiting the amount of occupation exposure to formaldehyde gas. Went into effect in May of 1988
Formaldehyde Rule
An agent, usually chemical, applied either to inanimate objects/surfaces or to living tissues to destroy disease-causing microbial agents, but usually not bacterial spores
Germicide
OSHA regulation that deals with identifying and limiting exposure to occupational hazards
Hazard Communication Standard/Rule
An agent or material exposing one to risk
Hazardous Material
Inflammation of the liver; may be caused by a variety of agents, including viral infections, bacterial invasion, and physical or chemical agents. It is usually accompanied by fever, jaundice, and an enlarged liver
Hepatitis
A severe infectious bloodborne virus
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
An inflammatory skin disease marked by small vesicles in clusters, usually restricted to diseases caused by Herpes virus
Herpes
Having a relatively low lethal dose
Highly Toxic
A 5 percent sodium hypochlorite solution; twelve ounces of household bleach with 116 ounces of water yields one gallon of a 10% household bleach solution (5,000 ppm sodium hypochlorite)
Household Bleach
A type of retrovirus that causes acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Disease caused by the growth of a pathogenic microorganism in the body
Infectious Disease
Not corrosive, but causing a reversible inflammatory effect at the point of contact
Irritant
Molecules of a compound in which the atoms have a slightly different configuration
Isomers
Wound characterized by irregular tearing of tissue
Laceration
A sever often fatal bacterial disease characterized by pneumonia, dry cough, and sometimes GI symptoms
Legionnaies Disease
Any change in structure produced during the course of a disease or injury
Lesion
This must accompany a hazardous product; a requirement of the Department of Labor and OSHA under the Hazard Communication Standard
Material Safety Data Sheet
A material which can cause inheritable genetic changes in offspring
Mutagen
Unconsciousness produced by a drug, usually narcotics, and certain toxic chemicals
Narcosis
A CNS depressant which can cause symptoms including headache, lightheadedness, dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue In high concentrations, stupor and unconsciousness can occur
Narcotic
A material capable of causing an abnormal growth of tissue
Neoplastic Agent
Metabolic by-products that contain nitrogen, such as urea and uric acid.. These compounds have a high affinity for formaldehyde and tend to neutralize embalming chemicals
Nitrogenous Waste
An involuntary, rapid movement of the eyeball, usually from side to side
Nystagmus
Reasonably anticipated skin, eye, mucous membrane, or parenteral contact with blood or OPIM that may result form the performance of a worker’s duties
Occupational Exposure
A Governmental Agency with the responsibility for regulation and enforcement of safety and health matters for most US employees; an individual State OSHA agency may supersede the US Department of Labor OSHA regulations
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
It requires employers to provide employees with information and training on hazardous chemicals in their work place at the time of their initial assignment, and whenever a new hazard is introduced into their work area
OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration Act of 1986
In contaminated air, the parts of vapor or gas per million parts of air by volume; in solution the parts of chemical per million parts of solution
Parts Per Million (ppm)
Weakness in the extremities due to damage or degeneration of the peripheral nerves
Peripheralneuropathy
The maximum legal limits established by OSHA for regulated substances. These are based on employee exposure that are time-weighted over an 8 hour work shift. When these limits are exceeded, employers must take proper steps to reduce employee exposure. For HCHO, this is .75 ppm
Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)
Those items of protections worn to minimize exposure to hazards; those items worn by the embalmer to avoid contact with blood and other body fluids. Specialized clothing or equipment worn by an employee for protection against a hazard
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Drugs or medicines
Pharmaceutical Agents
Extreme sensitivity to light
Photophobia
Lung disease characterized by fibrosis (scarring) caused by inhalation of dusts, i.e., silica, asbestos
Pneumoconiosis
Causing an allergic reaction after repeated exposure
Sensitizer
Hypodermic needles, suture needles, injector needles, scalpel blades, razor blades, pins and other items sharp enough to cause percutaneous injury, penetration of unbroken skin; may include other items normally not disposed of following use such as scissors, teeth, nails, and ribs
Sharps
OSHA required receptacle for proper disposal of sharps
Sharps container
Legal limits established by OSHA to which workers can be exposed continuously for a short period of time without damage or injury Exposure should not be for more than 15 minutes and not repeated more than 4 times per work day
Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL)
An unstable salt usually produced in an aqueous solution and used as a bleaching and disinfecting agent
Sodium Hypochlorite
Oven or appliance for sterilizing; an autoclave that disinfects by steam under pressure at temperatures above 100 degrees C
Sterilizers
Process that renders a substance free of all microorganisms
Sterilization
Effect occurring at sites remote from the route of entry
Systemic
Chemicals which will affect adversely certain organs
Target Organ Effects
An agent which can cause non-inheritable mutations in offspring
Teratogen
An evaluation of exposures that are time-weighted over an established period. It allows the exposure levels to be averaged generally over an 8 hour time period
Time Weighted Average
A buzzing or ringing in the ears
Tinnitus
Disinfection of the surface of the body or an object
Topical Disinfection
Having a higher lethal dose as compared to highly toxic
Toxic
Capable of inducing growth of a tumor
Tumorigenic
An approach to infection control. According to the concept of Universal Precautions, all human blood and certain human body fluids are treated as if known to be infectious for HIV, HBV, and other bloodborne pathogens
Universal Precautions
Apparatus that prevents the back-siphoning of contaminated liquids into potable water supply lines or plumbing cross-connections within the preparation room
Vacuum Breaker
Dizziness characterized by a sensation of whirling movement
Vertigo
Inflammation of the liver caused by a virus (possibly as many as seven in number) capable of causing acute or chronic hepatitis illness. The transmission can be oral-fecal, parenteral, or sexual
Viral Hepatitis
Controls that reduce the likelihood of exposure by altering the manner in which a task is performed; prohibiting recapping of needles, and not allowing blood splatter or aerosolization of blood while drainage during the embalming process
Work Practice Control
