Exam 2 Vocab Flashcards
Antemortem injures resulting from friction of the skin against a firm object resulting in the removal of the epidermis
Abrasion
A localized accumulation of pus
Abscess
A specific group of diseases or conditions which are indicative of severe immunosuppression related to infection with the human immunodeficiency virus
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Persons dead having had this may exhibit conditions such as wasting syndrome, extra pulmonary tuberculosis, and Kaposi’s sarcoma
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Disease resulting from a deficiency in the secretion of adrenocortical hormones, with bronze discoloration of the skin and electrolyte imbalances
Addison’s Disease
In the presence of free oxygen
Aerobic
Intravascular; The increase of viscosity of blood brought about by the clumping of particulate formed elements in the blood vessels which is a specific type of congealing
Agglutination
Method of injection-drainage in which embalming solution is injected and then injection is stopped while drainage is open which is a type of restricted drainage
Alternate Drainage
In the absence of free oxygen
Anaerobic
A decrease in the number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin or both
Anemia
Death brought about by a cessation of respiration or improper functioning of the respiratory apparatus
Apnea
Insufficient intake of oxygen resulting from numerous causes aka Apnea
Asphyxia
Indicates a weakness or feebleness of any organ or function
Asthenia
The presence of bacteria in the blood
Bacteremia
Irreversible somatic death, where life cannot be restored
Biological Death
A thin vesicle on the skin containing liquid matter
Blister
Pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans
Bloodborne Pathogens
Acute, deep-seated inflammation in the skin which usually begins as a subcutaneous swelling in a hair follicle
Boil aka Furuncle
An injury caused by a blow without laveration
Bruise
Circumscribed inflammation of the skin and deeper tissues that ends in suppuration and is accompanied by systemic symptoms, such as fever and leukocytosis
Carbuncle
Several communicating boils of the skin and subcutaneous tissues with the production and discharge of pus and dead tissue
Carbuncle
The formation of cavities in an organ or tissue, frequently seen in some forms of tuberculosis
Cavitation
Restorative treatment usually accompanied by aspiration, gravitation, or external pressure to remove gases or excess liquids from tissues; Passages are made through the tissues with a scalpel, hypodermic needle, or trocar
Channeling
A blood clot which contains all of the blood elements with red and white blood cells separated into distinct layers
Chicken Fat Clot
A phase of somatic death lasting from 5-6 minutes during which life may be restored
Clinical Death
Anaerobic, saprophytic, spore-forming bacterium responsible for tissue gas
Clostridium Perfringens
The process of converting soluble protein to insoluble protein by heating or contact with a chemical such as an alcohol or an aldehyde
Coagulation
The solidification of a solution into a gelatinous mass
Coagulation
Microorganisms found normally in the colon
Coliform Organisms
Method of drainage in which drainage occurs continuously during arterial injection
Concurrent Drainage
Coagulation and agglutination are both examples of
Congealing
A bruise
Contusion
A blood clot which contains all of the blood elements coagulated in an evenly mixed mass
Current/Jelly Clot
A condition of skin puckering caused by the contraction of the erector pili
Cutis Asernia
A sac within or on the body surface containing air or fluid
Cyst
Decomposition of proteins by enzymes of aerobic bacteria
Decay
The deep layer of skin under the epidermis; aka dermis, skin, corium, or true skin
Derma
Sloughing off of the epidermis, wherein there is a separation separation of the epidermis from the underlying dermis formally referred to as skin slip
Desquamation
Separation of substances in solution by the difference in their rates of diffusion through a semipermeable membrane
Dialysis
Selective Diffusion
Dialysis
Relaxation phase of the heart action
Diastole
An acute infectious disease characterized by the formation of a false membrane on any mucous surface
Diphtheria
Unchecked putrefaction eventually results in a complete breakdown and disappearance of all body structures, except the bones
Disintegration
Any abnormal color in or upon the human body
Discoloration
Antemortem discolorations resulting from the administration of drugs or chemotherapeutic agents
Drug Discoloration
Extravasation of blood into a tissue, aka Bruise or contusion
Ecchymosis
A severe skin irritation due to prolonged exposure to formaldehyde or other embalming chemicals
Embalmer’s Eczema
The outermost layer of skin; the cuticle or scarf skin
Epidermis
Disease characterized by a rash, for example, measles
Exanthenatous Disease
To remove as by cutting out; The area from which something has been cut out
Excision
Loss of blood to the point where life can no longer be sustained
Exsanguination
Drawn or pulled out
Extraction
Discoloration of the body outside the blood vascular system; eg, Ecchymosis, petechia, hematoma, and postmortem stain
Extravascular Blood Discoloration
A microorganism that prefers an environment devoid of oxygen but has adapted so that it can live and grow in the presence of oxygen
Facultative Aerobe
An organism that prefers an oxygen environment but is capable of living and growing in its absence
Facultative Anaerobe
Lesions of the mucous membrane of the lip or mouth, usually caused by Herpes simplex type 1
Fever Blisters
Removal of particles (liquid or solid) from a solution, as it passes through a membrane or other partial barrier
Filtration
Necrosis, death of tissues of part of the body usually due to deficient or absent blood supply
Gangrene
Condition that results when the body part that dies had little blood and remains aseptic; the arteries, not the veins, are obstructed
Dry Gangrene
Necrotic tissue that is wet as a result of inadequate venous drainage; may be accompanied by bacterial infection
Wet Gangrene
Antemortem necrosis in a wound infected by an anaerobic gas forming bacillus, the most common etiologic agent being Clostridium perfringens
Gas Gangrene
Extravascular movement of preservative fluids by gravitational force to the dependent areas of the body
Gravity Filtration
Blood present in vomitus; vomiting of blood from the stomach
Hematemesis
A swelling or mass of clotted blood confined to an organ or space caused by a ruptured blood vessel
Hematoma
Discharge of red blood cells in the urine
Hematuria
The non protein portion of hemoglobin; the red pigment of the hemoglobin
Heme
The red respiratory portion of the red blood cells; iron containing pigment of red blood cells functioning to carry oxygen to the cells
Hemoglobin
Destruction of red blood cells that liberates hemoglobin
Hemolysis
Blood in sputum
Hemoptysis
Antemortem and or postmortem settling of blood and/or other fluids to dependent portions of the body
Hypostasis
A clean cut made with a sharp instrument; in embalming, a cut made with a scalpel to raise arteries and veins
Incision
Method of drainage in which the drainage is stopped at intervals while the injection continues; A type of restricted drainage
Intermittent Drainage
Discoloration of the body within the blood vascular system; eg, hypostasis, carbon monoxide, and capillary congestion
Intravascular Blood Discoloration
Reduction in arterial blood supply
Ischemia
Conditions characterized by excessive concentrations of bilirubin in the skin and tissues and deposition of excessive bile pigment in the skin, cornea, body fluids, and mucous membranes with the resulting yellow appearance of the patient
Jaundice aka Icterus
Wound characterized by irregular tearing of tissue
Laceration
A fine growth of downy hair which is sometimes found on the face of a baby
Lanugo
Any change in structure produce during the course of a disease or injury
Lesion
A chronic or acute disease of unregulated clonal proliferation of the stem cells of the blood forming tissues; resident cells eventually replaced by tumor cells
Leukemia
Increase in number of luekocytes in the blood, generally caused by infection and usually transient
Leukocytosis
Postmortem, intravascular, red-blue discoloration resulting from hypostasis of blood; can usually be cleared via arterial injection and drainage
Livor Mortis
Cadaveric Lividity
Postmortem Lividity
Tuberculosis of the skin; patches ulcerate and leave scars on healing
Lupus Vulgaris
In its broadest sense, refers to the moistening and softening of any tissue decomposing in a liquid medium
Maceration
Inflammation of the meninges
Meningitis
Inflammation of the kidneys
Nephritis
The passage of a solvent from a solution of lesser to one of greater solute concentration when the two solutions are separated by a semipermeable membrane
Osmosis
Hindered Diffusion
Osmosis
To examine by touch
Palpate
Piercing mucous membranes or the skin barrier through such events as needlesticks, human bites, cuts, and abrasions
Parenteral
Method by which solutes and/pr solvents cross through a membrane with no energy provided by the cells of the membrane
Passive Transport System
Examples of this include Pressure filtration, Dialysis, diffusion, and osmosis
Passive Transport System
Antemortem discoloration that occurs during the course of certain diseases; Gangrene and Jaundice
Pathological Discoloration
Effected through unbroken skin
Percutaneous
To force a fluid through, especially by way of the blood vessels; injection during arterial embalming
Perfusion
Inflammation of the peritoneum, the membranous coat lining the abdominal cavity and investing the viscera
Peritonitis
Antemortem, pinpoint, extravascular blood discoloration visible as purplish hemorrhages of the skin
Petechia
Condition in which interstitial spaces contain such excessive amounts of fluid that the skin remains depressed after palpation
Pitting Edema
Acute infection or inflammation of the alveoli. The alveolar sacs fill up with fluid and dead white blood cells. Causes include bacteria, fungi, and viruses
Pneumonia
Positive intravascular pressure causing passage of embalming solution through the capillary causing passage of embalming fluid from an intravascular to a wall to diffuse with the interstitial fluids; extravascular position
Pressure Filtration
Tending to ward off disease; preventative
Prophylactic
A hole or wound resulting from piercing
Puncture
Postmortem evacuation of any substance from an external orifice of the body as a result of pressure
Purge
Liquid product of inflammation containing various proteins and leukocytes
Pus
Characteristic pus-filled structure of a disease, such as smallpox, syphilis, and acne
Pustular Lesion
Small elevation of the skin with an inflamed base; containing pus
Pustule
Decomposition of proteins by the action of enzymes from anaerobic bacteria
Putrefaction
The supervisor, in an institution licensed to use radionuclides, that has the responsibility to establish procedures and make recommendations in the use of all radioactive matter
Radiation Protection Officer
A chemical element that is similar in chemical properties to another element, but differs in atomic weight and electric charge and emits radiation
Radioactive Isotope
A chemical element that is similar in chemical properties to another element but differs in atomic weight and electric charge and emits an atom that disintegrates by emission of electromagnetic radiation
Radionuclide
Pathologic state, resulting from the presence of microorganisms or their products in the blood or other tissues
Sepsis
Condition characterized by the multiplication of bacteria in the blood
Septicemia
Drug-induced edema wherein the excess fluid is located within the cell. Upon palpation, there is no noticeable depression
Solid Edema
Death of the organism as a whole
Somatic Death
Situated or occurring beneath the skin
Subcutaneous
Distension of the tissues beneath the skin by gas or air; an antemortem condition brought about by a surgical procedure or trauma
Subcutaneous Emphysema
The direct contact of body tissues with embalming chemicals
Surface Embalming
Dehydration of the dead human body due to the movement of air over the body itsel
Surface Evaporation/Air Swipe
A discoloration due to the deposit of matter on the skin surface. These discolorations may occur antemortem, during, or after embalming of the body; Adhesive tape, ink, iodine, paint, tobacco stains
Surface Discoloration
Death brought about by a cessation of caridac activity, or a failure of heart action
Syncope
Drawing together, or a contraction, of gels which results in the giving off of water
Syneresis
Contraction phase of the heart action, or beat
Systole
Minute petechial hemorrhages caused by the rupture of minute vessels as blood settles into the dependent areas of organs and tissues; it is accomplished by livor mortis. A postmortem, extravascular blood discoloration. Most common in asphyxial or slow deaths
Tardieu Spots
The property of certain cells of becoming fluid when shaken, and then becoming solid again
Thixotropy
Postmortem accumulation of gas in tissues or cavities brought about by an anaerobic gas forming bacillus
Tissue Gas
The yellowing/browning of the finger nails and fingers from excessive use of cigarettes (Surface discoloration)
Tobacco Tars
An agonal or postmortem redistribution oh host microflora on a hostwide basis
Translocation
The grafting of living tissue from its normal position to another site, or of an organ or tissue from one person to another
Transplantation
An open sore or lesion of skin or mucous membrane accompanied by sloughing of inflamed necrotic tissue
Ulcer
Blister-like elevation of skin containing serous fluid
Vesicle
A weak, diseased vascular system
Purpura
Moist sticky substance that binds the epidermis to the dermis
Rete Mucous
The vessels that supply nutrients to the Tunica Externa
Vasa Vasorum
Non-ionizing radiation
Beta rays
Ionizing radiation
Gamma Rays
