Exam 3 Vocab Flashcards
The process of taking in, as in a colored object which absorbs certain rays of light and reflects other rays giving the object its recognizable color
Absorption
Group of chemicals used in addition to vascular and cavity embalming fluids; includes but is not limited to hardening compounds, preservative powders, sealing agents, mold preventative agents, and pack applications
Accessory Chemical
Dyes which aid in restoring a life-like surface pigmentation to a body and also stain the body tissue cells
Active Dyes
Staining Dyes
Cosmetic Dyes
Ingredient of embalming fluids that retards the natural postmortem tendency of blood to become more viscous or prevents adverse reactions between blood and other embalming chemicals
Anticoagulant Fluid
A non-toxic disinfectant suitable for the use on animal tissue
Antiseptic
The concentrated, preservative, embalming chemical that will be diluted with water to form the arterial solution for injection into the arterial system during vascular embalming; The purpose is for inactivating saprophytic bacteria and rendering the body tissues less susceptible to decomposition
Arterial (Vascular) Embalming
A carcinogen potentially produced when formaldehyde and sodium hypochlorite come into contact with each other; normally occurs only in a controlled laboratory setting and requires a catalyst
Bischloromethyl Ether (BCME)
A chemical which lightens a skin discoloration
Bleaching
A chemical which affects the stabilization of the acid-base (pH) balance within embalming solutions and in the embalmed tissues
Buffers
A compound of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen; sugars, starches and glycogen
Carbohydrate
Embalming chemicals which are injected into the cavities of the body following the aspiration in cavity embalming. Can also be used as the chemical in hypodermic and surface embalming
Cavity fluid
Substances that bind metallic ions such as EDTA; used as an anticoagulant in embalming solutions
Chelate
Dehydration caused by using too harsh of an arterial solution to embalm a dead human body
Chemical Evaporation
Chemical and physical agents that bring about coagulation
Coagulating Agents
The injection of a specialized chemical in conjunction with the routine arterial chemical
Coinjection
A fluid used primarily to supplement and enhance the action of vascular solutions
Coinjection Fluid
Embalming fluid that contains dyes and coloring agents intended to restore a more natural skin tone through the embalming process
Cosmetic Fluid
Dye that helps to cover internal discolorations such as jaundice
Counter Staining Compound
Chemicals having the capability of displacing an unpleasant odor or of altering an unpleasant odor so that it is converted to a more pleasant one
Deodorants
Masking Agents
Perfuming Agents
Substances which will, upon being dissolved, impart a definite color to the embalming solution
Classified as to their capacity to permanently impart color to the tissue of the body into which they are injected
Dyes (Coloring Agent)
Embalming where an absorbent material is saturated with an embalming chemical and placed in direct contact with the tissue
Embalming Pack
Embalming chemical in powder form; typically used for surface treatment of the remains
Embalming Powder
Removal of particles (liquid or solid) from a solution, as it passes through a membrane or other partial barrier
Filtration
Rigidity of tissue due to chemical reaction
Firming
The act of making tissue rigid. The solidification of a compound
Fixation
An agent employed in the preparation of tissues for the purpose of maintaining the existing form of the structure. Many agents are used, the most important one being formalin
Fixative
A supplemental piece of equipment attached to the embalming machine which measures the flow of fluids in both gallons per hour and ounces per minute
Flow Meter
The movement of the arterial solution through the capillaries into the intercellular spaces, from an intravascular to an extravascular position
Fluid Diffusion
The movement of the arterial solution from the point of injection through the blood vascular
Fluid Distribution
A common dye which is used to test for blood circulation
Fluorescein
Intravascular blood discoloration that occurs when arterial solution enters an area, but due to blockage, blood and embalming solution are unable to drain from the area
Flush (Flushing)
That amount of formaldehyde necessary to overcome any nitrogen residue and cause the body proteins to become coagulated
Formaldehyde Demand
Colorless, strong smelling gas that when used in solution is a powerful preservative and disinfectant; a potential occupational carcinogen
Formaldehyde
HCHO
CH2O
Grey Discoloration of the body caused by the reaction of formaldehyde from the embalming process with hemoglobin to form methyl hemoglobin
Formaldehyde Grey
A mixture of formaldehyde gas dissolved in water with 40% by volume, 37% by weight, and contains 7% methyl alcohol to prevent polymerization
Formalin
A process in which a gaseous agent is used to destroy rodents or insects, which act as disease carriers
Fumigation
Chemical agents capable of destroying, and/or inhibiting the growth of saprophytic or pathogenic fungi, including molds
Fungicides
Embalming fluids with a high formaldehyde content used on extremely difficult cases in which the embalmer may encounter or on cases in which the embalmer desires a great degree of rigidity generally 30-36 + index
High Index Arterial Fluid
Special vascular arterial fluid with a high HCHO content
High Preservation Demand Fluid
Chemical that increases the ability of embalmed tissue to retain moisture
Humectant
Absorbing moisture readily
Hygroscopic
A solution having a greater concentration of dissolved solute than the solution to which it is compared
Hypertonic Solution
A solution having a lesser concentration of dissolved solute than the solution to which it is compared
Hypotonic Solution
The strength of embalming fluids indicated by the number of grams of pure formaldehyde gas dissolved in 100 ml of water; Usually refers to a percentage
Index
Injection of very strong arterial fluid, often waterless, under relatively high pressure into head and face through both common carotid arteries to effect preservation and disinfection while minimizing swelling
Instant Tissue Fixation (Head Freeze)
Combination of iodine and a solubilizing agent or carrier that liberates free iodine in solution; a chemical disinfectant
Iodophor
A solution having an equal concentration of dissolved solute to that of a standard of reference
Isotonic Solution
A special vascular fluid with special bleaching and coloring qualities of use on bodies with jaundice; usually a low formaldehyde content
Jaundice Fluid
Substance used to kill insect larvae
Larvicide
Type of sealing compounds used to brush over incisions, cavities, raw surfaces, and areas where any pinpoint leakage may occur
Liquid Adhesive
Collodions
Solutions
Chemicals added to the embalming solution to deal with varying demands predicated upon the embalming fluid to be used, type of embalming, the environment
Modifying Agents
Those agents which will prohibit the growth of mold
Mold Preventative
A type of arterial fluid which contains inactive dyes that will not impart a color change upon the body tissues of the deceased
Non-Cosmetic Fluid/Passive Dye
A cosmetic medium able to cover or hide skin discolorations
Opaque Cosmetics
Preservation of the body’s surface, or excisions and cavities, or of areas that received inadequate arterial preservative
Osmotic Embalming aka Surface Embalming
Liquids or gels, usually available in spray or pack form, which are generally used in cases of skin slip, ulcerations, and other surface involvements
Pack Application/Surface Application
Substances which temporarily or permanently inhibits an enzyme’s action
Paralyzer/Inactivator
Chemicals found in embalming arterial formulations having the capability of displacing an unpleasant odor or of altering an unpleasant odor so that it is converted to a more pleasant one; Historically called reodorants
Perfuming Agents/Masking Agents/Deodorants
Pure or drinkable water
Potable Water
Contaminated, undrinkable water
Non-Potable Water
Degree of acidity or alkalinity
Potential of Hydrogen (pH)
Those sealing compounds which are used within vascular incisions, wounds, ulcerations, or other moist areas of the body
Powders
A substance bringing about precipitation
The oxilates formerly used in water conditioning chemicals are now illegal because of the poisonous nature to the embalmer
Precipitant
The injection of a specialized chemical prior to the injection of a routine arterial chemical
Preinjection
Fluid injected primarily to prepare the vascular system and body tissues for the injection of the preservative vascular solution. This solution is injected before the preservative vascular solution is injected
Preinjection Fluid
The science of treating the body chemically as to temporarily inhibit deecomposition
Preservation
Chemicals which inhibit saprophytic bacteria, render unsuitable for nutrition the media upon decomposition which such bacteria thrive, and which will arrest by altering enzymes and lysins of the body as well as converting the decomposable tissue to a form less susceptible to decomposition aka fixers
Preservative
Amount of preservative required to effectively preserve remains depends on the condition of the tissues as determined in the embalming analysis
Preservative Demand aka Formaldehyde Demand
Chemical in powder form; typically used for surface embalming of the remains
Preservative Powder
As related to decomposition the conversion of fatty tissues of the body into a soapy waxy substance called adipocere or grave wax
Process of Soap Formation (Saponification)
Substance that easily loses electrons and there-by causes other substances to be reduced; formaldehyde is a strong one
Reducing Agent
An amorphous, nonvolatile solid or soft side substance, a natural exudation from plants any of a class of solid or soft organic compounds of natural or synthetic origin
Resinous Substance
Supplemental fluid, used with the regular arterial solution whose purpose is to retain body moisture and retard dehydration
Restorative Fluid AKA Humectant
Material used to provide a barrier or seal against any type of leakage of fluid or blood
Sealing Agents
A chemical that can “fence off” or “tie up” metal ions so they cannot react with other chemicals
Sequestering Agents
Injection that results in the distribution of embalming fluid primarily to the body surface, with little preservation and disinfection of deeper tissues
Shell Embalming
Drug-induced edema wherein the excess fluid is located within the cell. Upon palpation, there is no noticeable depression
Solid Edema
The substance that is dissolved in a solution
Solute
Liquid containing dissolved substance
Solution
A liquid holding another substance in solution
Solvent
Fluid injected for purposes other than preservation and disinfection
Supplemental Fluid
Cloth, wet or dry, folded and applied firmly to a body part
Surface Compress
An absorbent material, compress, saturated with an embalming chemical and placed in direct contact with the tissue
Surface Pack
AKA surface tension reducer, wetting, penetrating, or surface-active agent
Surfactant
Chemical that reduces the molecular cohesion of a liquid so it can flow through smaller apertures
Surfactant
A general term
The solidification of a solution into a gelatinous mass. Agglutination is a specific form of coagulation
Tissue Coagulation
Liquids that serve as a solvent for the numerous ingredients that are incorporated into embalming fluids
Vehicle
The resistance to the flow of a liquid; the thickness of a liquid
Viscosity
An agent used to remove chemical constituents from municipal water supplies that could interfere with drainage and preservation
Water Conditioner
Preparation room equipment which is a complete water system containing a hydro aspirator, water outlet, goose neck filler for the embalming machine and a snap on hose
Water Control Unit
Quality of water containing certain substances, especially soluble salts of calcium and magnesium
Water Hardness
Injection of an arterial solution composed of a preservative embalming fluid which is diluted with supplemental chemicals such as humectants, water conditioners, and co-injections
Waterless Embalming
A condition resulting from the use of an embalming solution containing insufficient amount of preservative to meet the preservation demand of the tissues; the interstitial spaces are overly filled, engorged with water
Water-Logged
AKA wetting agent
Surfactant
