Exam 4 Vocab Flashcards
Group of chemicals used in addition to vascular and cavity embalming fluids
Includes but is not limited to hardening compounds, preservative powders, sealing agents, mold preventative agents, and pack application agents
Accessory Chemical
Dyes which aid in restoring a life-like surface pigmentation to a body and also stain the body tissue cells
Active Dyes
Staining Dyes
Cosmetic Dyes
Soft whitish crumbly or greasy material that forms upon the postmortem hydrolysis and hydrogenation of body fats
Adipocere AKA Grave Wax
Assimilation of gas, vapor, or dissolved matter by the surface of a solid or liquid
Adsorption
Intravascular; The increase of viscosity of blood brought about by the clumping of particulate formed elements in the blood vessels which is a specific type of congealing
Agglutination
A protein found in the blood plasma
Albumin
An organic compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups
Alcohol
An organic compound containing one or more -CHO groups
Aldehyde
Postmortem cooling of the body to the surrounding temperature
Algor Mortis
An organic compound containing nitrogen
Any compounds formed from ammonia by replacement of one or more hydrogen atoms by organic radicals
Amine
Building blocks of which proteins are constructed, and the end products of protein digestion or hydrolysis
Amino Acid
In the absence of free oxygen
Anaerobic
Deviation from the normal
Anomalies
Glycoprotein substance developed by the body in response to and interacting specifically with an antigent
Antibody aka Immunoglobulin
A foreign substance that stimulates the formation of antibodies that react specifically with it
Antigen
Self-destruction of cells; decomposition of all tissues by enzymes of their own formation without microbial assistance
Autolysis
A chemical which affects the stabilization of the acid-base balance within embalming solutions and in the embalmed tissues
Buffers
A compound of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen; sugars, starches, and glycogen
Carbohydrate
A change in the body’s chemical composition that occurs after death such as hemolysis
Chemical Postmortem Change
Microorganisms found normally in the colon
Coliform Organisms
Bacterial inhabitants of the colon
Coli-flora
A solution-like system in which the size of the solute particle is between 1 and 100 nanometers
Particles of solute pass through filters but not membranes
Colloid
A disease of the central nervous system with unknown etiology assumed to be a slow virus
Because of unknown etiology, caregivers using invasive procedures use extreme caution
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
A protein whose structure has been changed by physical or chemical agents
Denatured Protein
Chemicals having the capability of displacing an unpleasant odor or of altering an unpleasant odor so that it is converted to a more pleasant one
Deodorants
Masking Agents
Perfuming Agents
The true metabolic enzymes of bacterium, produced within the bacterial cell wall
Endoenzymes
An organic catalyst produced by living cells and capable of autolytic decomposition
Enzyme
Enzymes which function outside of the bacterial cell wall
Exoenzymes
Removal o particles from a solution as it passes through a membrane or other partial barriet
Filtration
The act of making tissue rigid
The solidification of a compound
Fixation
An agent employed in the preparation of tissues for the purpose of maintaining the existing form of the structure
Many agents are used, the most important one being formalin
Fixative
That amount of formaldehyde necessary to overcome any nitrogen residue and cause the body proteins to become coagulated
Formaldehyde Demand
Colorless, strong smelling gas that when used in solution is a powerful preservative and disinfectant; a potential occupational carcinogen
Formaldehyde
HCHO
CH2O
Grey discoloration of the body caused by the reaction of formaldehyde from the embalming process with hemoglobin to form methyl hemoglobin
Formaldehyde Grey
Chemical in powder form that has the ability to absorb and to disinfect
Hardening Compound
The non protein portion of hemoglobin; the red pigment of the hemoglobin
Heme
The red respiratory portion of the red blood cells; iron containing pigment of red blood cells functioning to carry oxygen to the cells
Hemoglobin
Destruction of red blood cells that liberates hemoglobin
Hemolysis
Reaction in which water is one of the reactants and compounds are often broken down.
Hydrolysis
A solution having a greater concentration of dissolved solute than the solution to which it is compared
Hypertonic Solution
A solution having a lesser concentration of dissolved solute than the solution to which it is compared
Hypotonic Solution
The state or condition in which the body or a part of it is invaded by a pathogenic agent that, under favorable conditions, multiplies and produces injurious effects
Infection
Disease caused by the growth of a pathogenic microorganisms in the body
Infectious Disease
Bloodborne pathogens, blood or body fluids exposure, any potentially infective, contaminated waste associated with the preparation of human remains that constitutes a hazard to humans in the workplace
Infectious Waste
Biohazardous Waste
The process of seepage or diffusion into tissue of substances that are not ordinarily present
Infiltration
A solution having an equal concentration of dissolved solute to that of a standard of reference
Isotonic Solution
Conditions characterized by excessive concentrations of bilirubin in the skin and tissues and deposition of excessive bile pigment in the skin, cornea, body fluids, and mucous membranes with the resulting yellow appearance of the patient
Jaundice AKA Icterus
A special vascular fluid with special bleaching and coloring qualities of use on bodies with jaundice; usually low formaldehyde content
Jaundice Fluid
A specific antibody acting destructively upon cells and tissues
Lysin
Organelle that exists within a cell, but separate from the cells; contains hydrolytic enzymes that break down proteins and certain carbohydrates
Lysosome
In its broadest sense, refers to the moistening and softening of any tissue decomposing in a liquid medium
Maceration
A minute one celled form of life not distinguishable as to vegetable or animal nature
Microbe
Microorganism
Chemicals added to the embalming solution to deal with varying demands predicated upon the embalming fluid to be used, type of embalming, the environment, and the embalming fluid to be used
Modifying Agents
Antemortem, physiological death of the cells of the body followed by their replacement
Necrobiosis
A postmortem examination of the organs and tissues of a body to determine cause of death or pathological condition
Autopsy
Necropsy
Pathological death of a tissue still a part of the living organism
Necrosis
The passage of a solvent from a solution of lesser to one of greater solute concentration when the two solutions are separated by a semipermeable membrane
Osmosis
Hindered Diffusion
Preservation of the body’s surface of excisions and cavities or of areas that received inadequate arterial preservation
Osmotic Embalming
Surface Embalming
Method by which solutes and/or solvents cross through a membrane with no energy provided by the cells of the membrane
Passive Transport System
Chemicals found in embalming arterial formulations having the capability of displacing an unpleasant odor or of altering an unpleasant odor so that it is converted to a more pleasant one
Perfuming Agents
Masking Agents
Deodorant
HISTORICALLY Reodorants
To force a fluid through, especially by way of the blood vessels; injection during vascular embalming
Perfusion
A change in the form or state of matter without any change in chemical composition
Physical Change
Changes which are not primarily responsible for alterations in the chemical composition and properties of the body substances
Physical Postmortem Changes
Postdeath alteration in the body that comprises a physical and a chemical change
Physiochemical Postmortem Change
A substance bringing about precipitation
Precipitant
Positive intravascular pressure causing passage of embalming solution through the capillary causing passage of embalming fluid from an intravascular to an extravascular wall to diffuse with the interstitial fluids
Pressure Filtration
Small proteinaceous infectious agents which almost certainly do not have a nucleic acid genome and therefore resist inactivation by procedures that modify nucleic acids
Prion
Any one of a group of nitrogenous organic compounds formed by the action of putrefactive bacteria on proteins
Indole, skatole, cadaverine, and putrescine
Ptomaine
Supplemental fluid, used with the regular arterial solution whose purpose is to retain body moisture and retard dehydration
Restorative Fluid AKA Humectant
Bacteria that derive their nutrition from dead organic matter
Saprophytic Bacteria
Material used to provide a barrier or seal against any type of leakage of fluid or blood
Sealing Agents
A chemical agent that can fence off or tie up metal ions so they cannot react with other chemicals
Sequestering Agent
The substance that is dissolved in a solution
Solute
Liquid containing dissolved substance
Solution
A liquid holding another substance in solution
Solvent
In liquids, muddy with particles of extraneous matter, not clear or transparent
Turbid
An open sore or lesion of skin or mucous membrane accompanied by sloughing of inflamed necrotic tissue
Ulcer
Liquids that serve as a solvent for the numerous ingredients that are incorporated into embalming fluids
Vehicle
