Exam 4 Part 10 Flashcards
Most vitamin ___ is synthesized from exposure to UV radiation
D
Critical for bodily functions including metabolism and calcium intake
Vitamin D
Bowed or knock-kneed legs, cranial, spinal and pelvic deformities, bone pain and tenderness; bones not strong
Rickets
What can a deficiency in vitamin D result in?
Rickets
What are some reproductive consequences that would be selected against if someone has rickets?
Women would have a narrow pelvis; hard to deliver baby
What are some adaptations to people living in low altitudes and why?
High pigmentation of skin, gets rid of UV radiation, sufficient penetration for vitamin D synthesis, protect against sunburn and skin cancer
What are some adaptations to people living in high altitudes and why?
Low pigmentation, modest screening of UV radiation, enhanced penetration for vitamin D synthesis, less protection against sunburn and skin cancer
What is the exception to skin conditions in high and low altitudes?
Inuit had darker skin
Why do the Inuit have darker skin than expected?
Diet contains fish and marine animals high in vitamin D
What are some challenges in living in high altitudes?
Lack of oxygen, lots of solar radiation
What are some adaptations to live in high altitudes?
High hemoglobin levels (in Andeans), increase lung capacity (in Tibetans)
What is Bergmann’s rule?
Populations inhabiting cold climates tend to be large and heavier than those in warm environments
What is Allen’s rule?
Populations inhabiting cold climates have shorter arms/legs than those in warm climates
Inability to digest lactose, the sugar found in milk
Lactose intolerance
Why are there people who are able to digest lactose?
Cultures rely on dairy products
