Exam 4 Book questions Flashcards
The risk of dying from extreme obesity is equal to the risk of dying from what?
a. hang-gliding
b. horseback riding c. drinking too much alcohol d. having diabetes e. smoking
e. smoking
To maintain energy balance, an individual’s energy intake should equal _____.
a. his or her BMI
b. his or her basal metabolic rate c. his or her total energy output d. his or her thermic effect of food e. his or her energy expended through voluntary activities
c.
The use of BMI to predict body fatness is of most value in what population?
a. adults between the ages of 19 and 50
b. athletes c. the elderly d. pregnant women e. women over 50
a.
Why does administering leptin fail to reverse the majority of obesity cases?
a. because it is an appetite-stimulating hormone
b. because it is a satiety hormone c. because fat loss suppresses leptin recognition d. because obese people are often leptin-resistant e. because it decreases energy expenditure
d.
How does the body deal with excess energy from a meal containing carbohydrate, fat, and protein?
a. Carbohydrate is stored as glycogen, fat is stored in adipose cells, and protein is stored as muscle.
b. Some proportion of carbohydrate is stored as glycogen and the rest, along with the excess fat, is stored as fat in adipose cells. c. Carbohydrate is stored as glycogen and excess energy from fat and protein is stored in muscle. d. All excess energy is stored as fat in adipose cells. e. Excess fat is stored in adipose cells and excess carbohydrate and protein are excreted.
b.
Which of the following foods has the highest energy density?
a. Food A: weighs 38 grams and provides 300 cal
b. Food B: weighs 40 grams and provides 250 cal c. Food C: weighs 50 grams and provides 100 cal d. Food D: weighs 600 grams and provides 1000 cal e. Food E: weighs 200 grams and provides 750 cal
a.
What is a beneficial role of physical activity in weight loss?
a. Working out builds muscle and lean muscle tissue burns more calories per pound than fat does.
b. Exercise reduces cortisol and gets rid of belly fat. c. Working out requires extra sleep and getting extra sleep reduces food cravings and weight gain. d. Physical activity decreases weight by promoting loss of bone density. e. Working out weakens feelings of hunger; thus, active people generally less.
a.
Which of the following is an appropriate behavior modification for replacing old eating and activity habits with new ones?
a. Establish positive consequences for inappropriate eating or sedentary behaviors.
b. Repeat the inappropriate eating and physical activity behaviors. c. Strengthen cues to appropriate eating and activities. d. Strengthen the inappropriate eating cues you cannot eliminate. e. Diminish appropriate eating and activity cues
c.
Which of the following statements regarding behavior modification for weight control is true?
a. Self-acceptance predicts failure, while self-loathing predicts success.
b. Cognitive skills, such as thinking habits, cannot be altered. c. Thinking habits are just as important as eating habits to achieving a healthy body weight. d. Many people succeed because their mental dialogue degrades their inappropriate habits. e. Only a trained psychotherapist should use behavior modification techniques.
c.
What is the “female athlete triad”?
a. three behaviors common in female athletes: perfectionism, anxiety, and depression
b. three medical problems: heart disease, diabetes, and obesity c. three academic problems: poor test-taking skills, test anxiety, and fear of academic failure d. three athletic problems: impaired speed, loss of balance, and inflexibility e. three associated medical problems: disordered eating, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis
e.
Which of the following is least likely to occur as a symptom of anorexia?
a. weakened heart
b. kidney failure c. decreased basal metabolic rate d. high body temperature e. growth failure
d.
Which nutrient is correctly paired with its corresponding role in immune function?
a. vitamin A – maintains skin and epithelial cells
b. vitamin D – protects against oxidative damage c. vitamin C – helps in antibody production d. vitamin B12 – helps to resolve inflammation after an immune response e. folic acid – protects against oxidative damage
a. vitamin A – maintains skin and epithelial cells
Which statement about inflammation is true?
a. It is the circulatory system
’
s response to infection or injury.
b. It rushes red blood cells to the site of injury. c. It is acute, not chronic. d. It threatens health by worsening infections. e. It is an oxidative defense that is critical to staying healthy.
e. It is an oxidative defense that is critical to staying healthy.
What are risk factors?
a. nutrition or behavioral factors that cause disease
b. factors known to cause cancer c. factors that occur together with infectious diseases d. candidates for causes of chronic diseases e. lab values that are always higher than normal values in disease states
d. candidates for causes of chronic diseases
Some risk factors, such as avoiding tobacco, are important to everyone’s health but others are important for people who are _____ to certain diseases.
a. naturally immune
b. genetically predisposed
c. environmentally susceptible
d. nutritionally conditioned
e. overly reactive
b. genetically predisposed
