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2017 Health and nutrition > Exam 3 Water soluble > Flashcards

Exam 3 Water soluble Flashcards

1
Q

Water soluble vitamins include

A

Vitamin C, and the B-complex Vitamins

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2
Q

Water soluble vitamins characteristics

A
  • dissolve in water
  • easily absorbed and excreted
  • not stored extensively in tissue
  • seldom reach toxic levels
  • polar
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3
Q

Why do water soluble vitamins have higher/lower DRI’s than fat soluble?

A

higher

because they are not stored in fat, which lowers potential toxicity due to high turnover

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4
Q

there are _ b vitamins

A

8

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5
Q

All B vitamins effect

A

metabolism

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6
Q

B vitamin ____

  • energy metabolism
  • heavy nerve cell usage
  • easily found in diet
A

Thiamin

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7
Q

Food sources of thiamin

A
  • breads, cereals are enriched

* sunflower seeds, watermelon, black beans

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8
Q

Thiamin deficiency main disease

A

BeriBeri (loss of sensation in hands and feet, muscular weakness, abnormal heart action, peripheral swelling-wet berberi)
damage to nerve cells basically

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9
Q

B vitamins
_______:
*energy metabolism
*helps release energy from CHO, protein, fat
*used to make the coenzyme FAD
*highly sensitive to UV light (keep out of sun)
-reason why opaque containers in milk

A

Riboflavin

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10
Q

Riboflavin is used to make _____ and highly sensitive to ____ _____

A

FAD

UV light

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11
Q

Food sources of riboflavin include

A

Food sources

  • milk
  • green vegetables
  • enriched and whole grain breads and cereals
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12
Q

Riboflavin deficiency symptoms

A
  • no particular disease associated with it

* tongue, skin, eyes and digestive system may be effected (wherever rapid cell turnover is present)

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13
Q

Riboflavin toxicity is ______

A

unknown

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14
Q

______:

  • function
  • used in energy metabolism along with thiamin and riboflavin
  • used to make NAD
A

Niacin

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15
Q

Niacin makes _____

A

NAD

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16
Q

Niacin can/cannot be made in the body, additionally it’s found in animal products/plant products

A

can

animal

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17
Q

Niacin deficiency is known as ____ and has the following symptoms:

A

Pellagra “rough skin”

Causes:
scaly rash/dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea, death

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18
Q

We know about niacin toxicity because they tried to:

A

lower blood fat levels by supplmenting niacin

Synthetic forms cause flushing and pain

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19
Q

niacin toxicity causes

A

niasin flush

neruopathy

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20
Q

B vitamins ____ and _____ ___ are very similar

A

Biotin

Pantithenic acid

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21
Q

____ / _____ ___ functions

  • energy metabolism
  • biotin: coenzyme in CHO, fat, and pro digestion
  • associated with coenzyme A (used in aerobic metabolism) and stimulates growth
A

biotin pantithenic acid

22
Q

Bitoin produces

A

coenzymes for digestion

23
Q

Biotin and Pantithenic acid toxicity

A

none

24
Q

B6 functions include

A

Amina acid and Hemoglobin synthesis

25
Q

B6 helps regulate _____ _____

A

blood glucose

26
Q

B6 assists in releasing stored ______ from _____

A

glucose

glycogen

27
Q

B6 deficiency has ______ symptoms that include

A

general

  • weakness
  • irritability
  • insomnia
  • weakened immune response
28
Q

B6 is found ______, _____, and animal/plant sources

A

Potatoes
Bananas
animal

29
Q

B6 toxicity was discovered trying to treat

A

pre-menstruel syndrome

30
Q

B6 can cause

A

neuropathies or paralysis in extreme cases

31
Q

Vitamin B12 functions:

A

Enables folate to get into cells and helps maintain myelin sheath

32
Q

___ functions

  • enables folate to get into cells
  • helps maintain sheath around nerve cells
A

B12

33
Q

Folate is ___’s partner in crime

A

B12

34
Q

Intrinsic factor is used to digest ___

A

B12

35
Q

B12 has ___ toxicity

A

no

36
Q

_____: Function

  • helps synthesize DNA, needed for rapidly growing tissues (tongue, blood, eyes)
  • most vulnerable to interactions with medications
  • essential for fetal growth
A

Folate

37
Q

Folate mostly comes from

A

foliage

fortified grains

38
Q

____ is very important for pregnant women and lack of it can cause neural tube defects

A

Folate

39
Q

Toxicity: _____

  • high ____ can mask b12 deficiency causing the nerve damage of B12 deficiency to continue
  • high folate used to treat anemia, could cause more nerve damage
  • UL for synthetic forms only
  • includes fortified foods and supplemen
A

folate

40
Q

Folate prevents these 2 things in birth defects

A

spina bifida (spine sticks out)

-anencephaly (incomplete development of brain, strange head)

41
Q

Vitamin __

  • functions production and maintenance of village.
  • enhances immune response
  • does not prevent colds
  • assists in iron absorption (prevents oxidation)
  • antioxidant
  • collogen is precursor to bone tissue and key component to connective tissue
A

C

42
Q

Vitamin C does/does not prevent colds

A

does not

43
Q

Vitamin C is a major ______

A

antioxidant

44
Q

You need __ mg of vitamin __ to prevent scurvy

A

10

C

45
Q

generalFood sources of -Thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and folic acid

A

Grains

46
Q

general Food sources of -folate, vitamins A, and C

A

Vegetables

47
Q

general Food sources of: -vitamins A and C

A

Fruit

48
Q

general Food sources -Niacin, B6, and B12

A

Protein

49
Q

general Food sources: Vitamin E

A

Fats and oils

50
Q

Functions of ____

  • solvent
  • dissolves amino acids, glucose and minerals needed by cells (water soluables)
  • most compartments are water based in the body
  • chemistry
  • part of cells, tissues and organs
  • participates in chemical reactions
  • carrier
  • carries nutrients needed by cells
  • re Ives waste from body (lymph)
  • water in blood known as plasma
  • temperature regulation
  • swear to regulate body temperature
  • thermoregulates within body
A

water

2017 Health and nutrition (22 decks)

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