Exam 3: Skull lecture ii Flashcards
parts of the sphenoid bone (4)
- body
- lesser wings (LW)
- greater wings (GWC, GWO; GWT)
- pterygoid processes (PP, LP, and MP)
petrous part of temporal makes joint w/
greater wing of sphenoid (petrous means rock like)
squamous part of temporal contains the _ which articulates with the condyloid process of mandible
mandibular fossa
foramen magnum of occipital: spinal cord becomes continuous w/ _ here
medulla oblongata
foramen magnum of occipital: transmits blood vessels and cranial nerve _
XI
occipital condyles: articulates w/
vertebral column
opening of carotid canal: transmits _ artery
internal carotid artery (supplies most blood to the skull)
jugular foramen: transmitis cranial nerves _, _, and _ and the _ vein
IX, X, XI, and internal jugular vein (drains most blood of the skull)
stylomastoid foramen: transmits cranial nerve _ and the _ artery
VII and the stylomastoid artery
anterior cranial fossa: contains brain’s _ lobes
frontal
middle cranial fossa: contains brain’s _ lobes
temporal
posterior cranial fossa: contains brain’s _, _, and _
pons, cerebellum, and medulla oblongata
bone feats of ethmoid bone: crista galli: bony ridge that projects _; for attachment of _
superiorly; of falx cerebri
bone feats of ethmoid bone: cribriform plate: _ plate of bone containing many foramina that transmit the fibers of cranial nerve _ from the _ to the brain
horizontal plate; cranial nerve I from the nasal cavities to the brain
opening of optic canal: also opens into the _; transits cranial nerve _
orbit; cranial nerve II
sella turcica: saddle-like bony formation on body of _; its floor, the _, houses the pituitary gland
(part of the sphenoid) sphenoid; floor the hypophysial fossa
anterior clinoid processes: sharp projections of the _
lesser sphenoidal wings (clinoid = bed bost like)
crescent of 4 “foramina” perforating the sphenoid: superior orbital fissure: btwn _ and _ wings; also opens into _; transmits cranial nerves _, _, part of _ and _
greater and lesser wings; orbit; III, IV, part of V, and VI (muscle that moves the eyeball)
crescent of 4 “foramina” perforating the sphenoid: foramen rotundum: transmits part of cranial nerve _
V
crescent of 4 “foramina” perforating the sphenoid: foramen ovale: transmits part of cranial nerve _
V
crescent of 4 “foramina” perforating the sphenoid: foramen spinosum: transmits a branch of a branch of cranial nerve
V (spinosum = spiny shaped)
foramen lacerum: an artifact of a dried skull; in life, closed by a _ plate
cartilage plate (lacerum = torn/ragged)
opening of internal acoustic meatus: transmits cranial nerve _ and _
VII and VIII
hypoglossal canal: transmits cranial nerve _
XII
groove for sigmoid sinus: the _, a blood vessel, lies here
the sigmoid sinus (vein)
internal occipital crest: helps form 2 _, which house the cerebellum
cerebellar fossae
most bones of the calvaria consist of 2 mostly flat (although slightly curved) plates of _ bone that are separated by _
compact bone separated by diploe
diploe is _ bone containing red bone marrow
spongy (cancellous)
some skull bones are hollow; the air-filled space w/in such a bone is a _
paranasal sinus
all paranasal sinuses connect to the _ cavity.
these include the (4)
nasal cavity
- frontal sinus (F)
- sphenoid sinus (S and SS)
- ethmoid cells (sinus) (E)
- maxillary sinus (M)
fontanelles: _ membranes separating some of the skull bones of neonates
fibrous
fontanelles: they allow the shape of the _ to be molded during birth
cranium
fontanelles: largest one is the _ fontanelle
anterior fontanelle
scalp: it is a somewhat _ soft tissue mantle covering the _
mobile soft tissue mantle covering the calvaria
5 layers of scalp:
S:kin C:onnective tissue A:poneurosis L:oose (areolar) connective tissue P:ericranium
scalp: skin: contains _ glands, _ glands, and hair follicles
sweat and sebaceous glands
scalp: connective tissue: well supplied w/ blood vessels and _ nerves
cutaneous
scalp: aponeurosis: the 2 bellies of the _ muscle are connected by a flat tendon, the _ aponeurosis
2 bellies (frontal and occipital) of the occipitofrontalis muscle are connected by a flat tendon, the epicranial aponeurosis
scalp: pericranium: the _ of the bones of the neurocranium
periosteum
the 3 most superficial layers of the scalp are intimately _ and move as a unit
connected
the 3 most superficial layers of the scalp is separated from the pericranium/skull bones by the _ layer, which allows mobility of the unit over the skull and permits traumatic separation of the scalp from the _
loose connective tissue layer; cranium
most facial and scalp muscles have an origin on the _ and an insertion of the _; they produce their effect by pulling the skin (some act as _, closing orifices)
origin on the skeleton and an insertion of the skin; (some act as sphincters, closing orifices)
facial muscles are all derived from the _ arch and are thus supplied by the nerve of this arch, the _ nerve
the 2nd pharyngeal arch; the facial nerve (CN VII)
t/f: the deep fascia found in most body locations is absent in the face
true
orbicularis oculi: origin
from edges of orbit
orbicularis oculi: insertion
to tarsal plates of eyelids and skin around orbit
orbicularis oculi: action
close eyelids
orbicularis oculi: innervation
facial nerve
