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Anatomy II > Exam 3: Lower limb contd lecture ii > Flashcards

Exam 3: Lower limb contd lecture ii Flashcards

1
Q

tibial nerve: a terminal branch of the _ nerve

A

sciatic

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2
Q

tibial nerve: near the medial _, divides into the medial and lateral _ nerves

A

medial malleolus, plantar nerves

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3
Q

tibial nerve: one of its branches, the _ nerve, contributes to the sural nerve, which supplies some of the skin of the _ and _

A

medial sural cutaneous nerve, some skin of the foot and skin of the lateral and posterior part of inferior leg

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4
Q

posterior tibial artery: a terminal branch of the _ artery

A

popliteal artery

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5
Q

posterior tibial artery: runs alongside _ nerve

A

tibial

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6
Q

posterior tibial artery: supplies _ compartment and _

A

posterior compartment and foot

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7
Q

posterior tibial artery: inferiorly, divides in the _ and _ arteries, the arteries of the sole of the foot

A

medial and lateral plantar arteries

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8
Q

plantar fascia: the _ fascia of the sole

A

deep

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9
Q

plantar fascia: holds foot together, help protect sole, and helps support the _ of the foot

A

longitudinal arches

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10
Q

plantar aponeurosis: formed by the central part of the _ fascia

A

plantar fascia

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11
Q

plantar aponeurosis: arises from (bone)

A

calcaneus

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12
Q

plantar aponeurosis: divides distally into 5 bands that become continuous with the fibrous digital sheaths that enclose the _

A

flexor tendons to the toes

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13
Q

medial longitudinal arch: runs _ to _ (anatomical position)

A

posterior to anterior

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14
Q

lateral longitudinal arch: runs _ to _ (anatomical position)

A

posterior to anterior

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15
Q

transverse arch: runs _ to _ (anatomical position)

A

medial to lateral

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16
Q

the plantar aponeurosis, _ ligament, and _ ligament are very important in maintaining the arches

A

long plantar ligament, and short plantar ligament

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17
Q

foot: compartments of the sole: all foot muscles are contained w/in 4 (or 5 depending on whether one “counts” the dorsal) compartments: _, _, _, and _

A

medial, central, lateral, and interosseous

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18
Q

foot: compartments of the sole: the interosseous compartment is present only in the _ and contains the _

A

forefoot, metatarsals

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19
Q

foot: muscles: of the 20 individual muscles of the foot, most are located on the _ aspect, followed by _ position where the least are on the _ aspect

A

plantar aspect (14) followed by (4) in the intermediate position then dorsal aspect (2)

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20
Q

foot: muscles: most of these muscles fcn to
a. maintain the foot’s arches
b. refine the efforts of the long muscles (esp in producing pronation and supination to enable the foot to adjust to uneven ground)
c. and/or flex, extend, abduct, or adduct one or more toes
d. all of the above

A

d

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21
Q

foot: muscles: they are innervated by the _ and _ nerves

A

medial and lateral plantar nerves

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22
Q

dorsalis pedis artery: terminal branch of _ artery

A

anterior tibial artery

23
Q

dorsalis pedis artery: its branches include the _ btwn toes 1 and 2, which enters the sole

A

deep plantar artery

24
Q

hip joint: classification

A

synovial, ball and socket

25
Q

hip joint: articulating surfaces: head of femur and

A

lunate surface of acetabulum of hip bone

26
Q

hip joint: _ ligament bridges the gap (acetabular notch) in the lunate surface to form a complete “socket”

A

transverse acetabular ligament

27
Q

hip joint: formed of a loose external _ layer that runs from near the acetabulum to the femoral neck, and an internal _ membrane

A

loose external fibrous layer (fibrous capsule) and an internal synovial membrane

28
Q

hip joint: intrinsic ligaments of the joint capsule: iliofemoral ligament: _ side of joint

A

anterior

29
Q

hip joint: intrinsic ligaments of the joint capsule: iliofemoral ligament: origin

A

from anterior inferior iliac spine and acetabular rim

30
Q

hip joint: intrinsic ligaments of the joint capsule: iliofemoral ligament: prevents _ by screwing the femoral head into the acetabulum during extension

A

joint hyperextension

31
Q

hip joint: intrinsic ligaments of the joint capsule: iliofemoral ligament: insertion

A

to intertrochanteric line

32
Q

hip joint: ligament of the head of the femur: origin

A

from the edge of the acetabular notch

33
Q

hip joint: ligament of the head of the femur: insertion

A

to the femoral fovea for the ligament of the head

34
Q

hip joint: ligament of the head of the femur: fat pad: fills part of the _

A

acetabulum

35
Q

hip joint: movements: hip movements are (4)

A
  1. flexion-extension
  2. abduction-adduction
  3. medial-lateral rotation
  4. circumduction
36
Q

hip joint: movements: movements of the trunk at the hip joints are also important t/f

A

true; ex sit-ups

37
Q

hip joint: movements: the degree of flexion/extension depends partly on

A

whether the knee is flexed

38
Q

hip joint: movements: during hip extension, the taut iliofemoral ligament means that only _ is possible

A

slight hyperextension

39
Q

hip joint: movements: lateral hip rotation is less powerful than medial rotation t/f

A

false; MORE POWERFUL

40
Q

hip joint: movements: _ is the strongest hip flexor

A

iliopsoas

41
Q

hip joint: movements: _ is the primary hip extensor (at least from the flexed to the anatomical position; beyond that the hamstrings provide extension)

A

gluteus maximus

42
Q

knee joint: classification

A

synovial, hinge (primarily)

43
Q

knee joint: actually involves _ articulations (none involving the fibula)

A

3 articulations

44
Q

knee joint: _ = articulation btwn lateral and medial femoral and tibial condyles

A

(2 of 3 articulations) lateral and medial femorotibial articulation

45
Q

knee joint: _= articulation btwn patella and femur

A

(1 of 3 articulations) femoropatellar articulation

46
Q

knee joint: _ plays a large role in stabilizing the joint

A

quadriceps femoris

47
Q

knee joint: an infrapatellar fat pad (not contained w/in the synovial-fluid-filled _, or joint, _) is present _ to the patella

A

(articular, or joint, cavity); posterior to patella

48
Q

knee joint: joint capsule: formed of an external fibrous layer (fibrous capsule) that attaches to _ superiorly and _ inferiorly, and an internal _ membrane

A

femur superiorly, tibia inferiorly, internal synovial membrane

49
Q

knee joint: joint capsule: posteriorly, the fibrous capsule contains a gap to allow passage of _ tendon

A

popliteus tendon

50
Q

knee joint: joint capsule: anteriorly, it is replaced by the _ tendon, patella, and _ ligament

A

quadriceps tendon, patella, and patellar ligament

51
Q

knee joint: extracapsular ligaments: patellar ligament: the distal part of the _ tendon

A

quadriceps femoris tendon

52
Q

knee joint: extracapsular ligaments: patellar ligament: from _ to _

A

from patella to tibial tuberosity

53
Q

knee joint: extracapsular ligaments: patellar ligament: laterally it receives the _, which are aponeurotic expansions of the vastus medialis and lateralis and overlying fascia

A

medial and lateral patellar retinacula

Anatomy II (28 decks)

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