Abdominal Cavity I lecture i Flashcards
the abdominal cavity starts at the _ and extends to the _
starts at the diaphragm and extends to the pelvic floor
what stops the abdominal cavity extension into the pelvic floor
the pelvic inlet
organs inside the body are called
viscera
majority of _ system is in the abdominal cavity
GI system
parts of lesser omentum (2)
- gastrohepatic ligament
2. hepatoduodenal ligament (containing portal triad)
parts of greater omentum (3)
- greater omentum (gastrocolic ligament)
- gastrophrenic ligament
- gastrosplenic ligament
what is the peritoneum
a continuous, glistening, and slippery transparent serous membrane (simple squamous epithelium) that lines the abdominopelvic cavity and covers much of the abdominopelvic viscera
the 2 components of the peritoneum
the parietal and visceral peritoneum
parietal peritoneum
the peritoneal membrane where it lines the internal surface of the abdominopelvic wall
visceral peritoneum
the peritoneal membrane where it covers or surrounds viscera such as the stomach and intestines
peritoneal cavity contains
contains a thin film of serous peritoneal fluid for lubrication of moving organs and contains leukocytes for resistance to infection
intraperitoneal organ covered with visceral peritoneum on
almost completely covered with visceral peritoneum
example of an intraperitoneal organ
e.g. the stomach and spleen
retroperitoneal organ is found btwn the _ and the _ wall; covered by peritoneum only on its _ surface
found btwn the parietal peritoneum and the posterior abdominal wall; covered by peritoneum only on its anterior surface
example of a retroperitoneal organ
kidney
subperitoneal organ covered by peritoneum only on
covered by peritoneum only on its superior surface
example of a subperitoneal organ
urinary bladder
the peritoneal cavity contains 2 subdivisions, which communicate via the _:
what are the subdivisions and communication via
communication via the omental (epiploic) foramen and the 2 subdivisions are the greater sac and the omental bursa (lesser sac)
greater sac
the main larger part of the peritoneal cavity (itself further subdivided into freely communicating supracolic and infracolic compartments)
omental bursa (lesser sac) is posterior to the _ and _
posterior to the stomach and lesser omentum
the falciform ligament is a ligament that
is a tough structure made mostly of connective tissue and attaches the liver to the diaphragm. superficially divides liver into a rt and lt lobe
greater omentum conceals almost all of the
small and large intestine (fatty apron that hangs down)
t/f: there are organs in the peritoneal cavity
FALSE no organs!
formations (2) of the peritoneum (portions of which may in some cases be referred to as ligaments):
mesentery and omenta
mesentery
a double layer of peritoneum that results from the invagination of peritoneum by an organ and constitutes a continuity of the visceral and parietal peritoneum
examples of the mesentery
small intestine (SI) mesentery (mesentery proper) and transverse mesocolon and sigmoid mesocolon
SI mesentery (mesentery proper) functions to
functions to attach SI to body wall and provide pathways for blood vessels and nerves to reach SI (neurovascular vessels)
transverse mesocolon and sigmoid mesocolon
attach transverse colon and sigmoid colon to body wall and provide pathways for blood vessels and nerves to reach LI
omentum
a double-layered extension or fold of peritoneum that passes from the stomach and proximal part of the duodenum to adjacent organs in the abdominal cavity (examples: greater omentum and lesser omentum)
falciform ligament: _ layer of peritoneum that attaches _ to _ wall and to inferior surface of _
double layer of peritoneum that attaches liver to anterior abdominal wall and to inferior surface of diaphragm
hepatogastric ligament (part of lesser omentum)
connects liver to stomach
hepatoduodenal ligament (part of lesser omentum)
connects liver to duodenum and conducts the “portal triad” which is the portal vein, hepatic artery, and bile duct (a bundle inside the hepatoduodenal ligament)
ligamentum teres (round ligament of the liver): enclosed by the _ ligament and remnant of the _ vein
enclosed by the falciform ligament; a remnant of the left umbilical vein
