Abdominal Cavity I lecture i

Question 1

the abdominal cavity starts at the _ and extends to the _

Answer 1

starts at the diaphragm and extends to the pelvic floor

Question 2

what stops the abdominal cavity extension into the pelvic floor

Answer 2

the pelvic inlet

Question 3

organs inside the body are called

Answer 3

viscera

Question 4

majority of _ system is in the abdominal cavity

Answer 4

GI system

Question 5

parts of lesser omentum (2)

Answer 5

1. gastrohepatic ligament

2. hepatoduodenal ligament (containing portal triad)

Question 6

parts of greater omentum (3)

Answer 6

1. greater omentum (gastrocolic ligament)
2. gastrophrenic ligament
3. gastrosplenic ligament

Question 7

what is the peritoneum

Answer 7

a continuous, glistening, and slippery transparent serous membrane (simple squamous epithelium) that lines the abdominopelvic cavity and covers much of the abdominopelvic viscera

Question 8

the 2 components of the peritoneum

Answer 8

the parietal and visceral peritoneum

Question 9

parietal peritoneum

Answer 9

the peritoneal membrane where it lines the internal surface of the abdominopelvic wall

Question 10

visceral peritoneum

Answer 10

the peritoneal membrane where it covers or surrounds viscera such as the stomach and intestines

Question 11

peritoneal cavity contains

Answer 11

contains a thin film of serous peritoneal fluid for lubrication of moving organs and contains leukocytes for resistance to infection

Question 12

intraperitoneal organ covered with visceral peritoneum on

Answer 12

almost completely covered with visceral peritoneum

Question 13

example of an intraperitoneal organ

Answer 13

e.g. the stomach and spleen

Question 14

retroperitoneal organ is found btwn the _ and the _ wall; covered by peritoneum only on its _ surface

Answer 14

found btwn the parietal peritoneum and the posterior abdominal wall; covered by peritoneum only on its anterior surface

Question 15

example of a retroperitoneal organ

Answer 15

kidney

Question 16

subperitoneal organ covered by peritoneum only on

Answer 16

covered by peritoneum only on its superior surface

Question 17

example of a subperitoneal organ

Answer 17

urinary bladder

Question 18

the peritoneal cavity contains 2 subdivisions, which communicate via the _:

what are the subdivisions and communication via

Answer 18

communication via the omental (epiploic) foramen and the 2 subdivisions are the greater sac and the omental bursa (lesser sac)

Question 19

greater sac

Answer 19

the main larger part of the peritoneal cavity (itself further subdivided into freely communicating supracolic and infracolic compartments)

Question 20

omental bursa (lesser sac) is posterior to the _ and _

Answer 20

posterior to the stomach and lesser omentum

Question 21

the falciform ligament is a ligament that

Answer 21

is a tough structure made mostly of connective tissue and attaches the liver to the diaphragm. superficially divides liver into a rt and lt lobe

Question 22

greater omentum conceals almost all of the

Answer 22

small and large intestine (fatty apron that hangs down)

Question 23

t/f: there are organs in the peritoneal cavity

Answer 23

FALSE no organs!

Question 24

formations (2) of the peritoneum (portions of which may in some cases be referred to as ligaments):

Answer 24

mesentery and omenta

Question 25

mesentery

Answer 25

a double layer of peritoneum that results from the invagination of peritoneum by an organ and constitutes a continuity of the visceral and parietal peritoneum

Question 26

examples of the mesentery

Answer 26

small intestine (SI) mesentery (mesentery proper) and transverse mesocolon and sigmoid mesocolon

Question 27

SI mesentery (mesentery proper) functions to

Answer 27

functions to attach SI to body wall and provide pathways for blood vessels and nerves to reach SI (neurovascular vessels)

Question 28

transverse mesocolon and sigmoid mesocolon

Answer 28

attach transverse colon and sigmoid colon to body wall and provide pathways for blood vessels and nerves to reach LI

Question 29

omentum

Answer 29

a double-layered extension or fold of peritoneum that passes from the stomach and proximal part of the duodenum to adjacent organs in the abdominal cavity (examples: greater omentum and lesser omentum)

Question 30

falciform ligament: _ layer of peritoneum that attaches _ to _ wall and to inferior surface of _

Answer 30

double layer of peritoneum that attaches liver to anterior abdominal wall and to inferior surface of diaphragm

Question 31

hepatogastric ligament (part of lesser omentum)

Answer 31

connects liver to stomach

Question 32

hepatoduodenal ligament (part of lesser omentum)

Answer 32

connects liver to duodenum and conducts the “portal triad” which is the portal vein, hepatic artery, and bile duct (a bundle inside the hepatoduodenal ligament)

Question 33

ligamentum teres (round ligament of the liver): enclosed by the _ ligament and remnant of the _ vein

Answer 33

enclosed by the falciform ligament; a remnant of the left umbilical vein