Exam 2: Lower Limb lecture v Flashcards
neurovascular structures in anteromedial thigh (2)
femoral sheath
femoral triangle
femoral sheath: a _-shaped tube formed by _
funnel-shaped formed by fascia
femoral sheath: encloses the _ parts of the femoral vessels and creates a _ medial to them
proximal parts, femoral canal (the canal is thus one of three subcompartments formed by the sheath)
femoral triangle: its floor is formed by _ and _
iliopsoas and pectineus
femoral triangle: superior border is
inguinal ligament
femoral triangle: medial border is
adductor longus
femoral triangle: lateral border is
sartorius
femoral triangle contents: from lateral to medial
- femoral nerve*
- femoral artery*
- femoral vein and proximal tributaries such as great saphenous vein and profunda femoris vein*
- deep inguinal lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels*
- w/in femoral sheath
why are myotomes important
most movements the lower limb makes require more than 1 myotome ie more than 1 nerve
adductor canal: _ passageway deep to the _ by which the major _ of the thigh traverses the middle third of the thigh
intermuscular passageway, sartorius muscle, major neurovascular bundle of the thigh
inter = btwn; btwn muscles
t/f: the adductor canal starts at inguinal ligament
FALSE; DOES NOT! Starts more towards bottom of femoral canal and ends more down towards the knee
femoral nerve: largest branch of _ plexus
lumbar plexus
femoral nerve: passes deep to _ to enter femoral triangle
inguinal ligament
femoral nerve: sends branches to
anterior thigh muscles, hip and knee joints, and skin
femoral nerve: its terminal cutaneous branch is
the saphenous nerve
femoral artery: continuation of the _ artery, distal to _
external iliac artery, distal to inguinal ligament
femoral artery: branches include (3)
- profunda femoris artery
- medial circumflex femoral artery
- lateral circumflex femoral artery
profunda femoris artery: main artery to _; gives off _ to muscles of medial, posterior, and lateral copartments
main artery to thigh, gives off perforating arteries
profunda = deep
medial circumflex femoral artery: supplies most of _ via _ arteries
the blood to head and neck of femur via its branches, the posterior retinacular arteries
lateral circumflex femoral artery: mainly supplies muscles on _ side of thigh
lateral side of thigh (the 2 circumflex femoral arteries anastomose with each other and with other arteries)
obturator artery: usu a branch of the _ artery
internal iliac artery
obturator artery: divides into _ and _ branches
anterior and posterior (supplies adductus brevis)
obturator artery: supplies (5)
- obtuartor externus
- pectineus
- thigh adductors
- gracilis
- femoral head
t/f: femoral artery is the main supply artery of the lower limb
true
t/f: obturator artery is a branch of femoral artery
FALSE; internal iliac artery
femoral vein: a continuation of _ vein
popliteal vein
femoral vein: travels through _ canal, enters _ sheath, and ends by becoming the _ vein
through adductor canal, enters femoral sheath, ends by becoming the external iliac vein
femoral vein: receives the _ vein, the great _ vein, and others
receives the profunda femoris vein, the great saphenous vein, and others
the greater sciatic foramen is a “door” through which _ and _ leave the pelvis and enter the _ region; _ also passes through this foramen
which lower limb arteries and nerves (eg the sciatic nerve) leave the pelvis and enter the GLUTEAL region; PIRIFORMIS also passes through this foramen
gluteal muscles: gluteus maximus origin
posterosuperior ilium and dorsal sacrum and coccyx
gluteal muscles: gluteus maximus insertion
to iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity of femur
gluteal muscles: gluteus maximus innervation
inferior gluteal nerve
gluteal muscles: gluteus maximus action
extends (as in rising from a sitting position) and lateral rotates thigh
gluteal bursae: membranous sacs placed in areas subject to _ that contain a thin layer of _ and that separate _ from adjacent structures
subject to friction, synovial fluid, separate gluteus maximus from adjacent structures
gluteal muscles: gluteus medius mostly covered by
gluteus maximus
gluteal muscles: gluteus medius origin
from external (posterolateral) ilial surface
gluteal muscles: gluteus medius insertion
to greater trochanter
gluteal muscles: gluteus medius innervation
superior gluteal nerve
gluteal muscles: gluteus medius action
stabilize hip and abduct and medially rotate thigh
gluteal muscles: gluteus minimus anterior to
gluteus medius
gluteal muscles: gluteus minimus origin
from external (posterolateral) ilial surface
gluteal muscles: gluteus minimus insertion
to greater trochanter
gluteal muscles: gluteus minimus innervation
superior gluteal nerve
gluteal muscles: gluteus minimus action
stabilize hip and abduct and medially rotate thigh
gluteal muscles: tensor fasciae latae origin
anterior superior iliac spine and iliac crest
gluteal muscles: tensor fasciae latae insertion
to iliotibial tract
gluteal muscles: tensor fasciae latae innervation
superior gluteal nerve
gluteal muscles: tensor fasciae latae action
tenses fascia lata and iliotibial tract; works with gluteus medius and minimus
during walking, the gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and tensor fasciae latae on the right side _ when the right (but not left) foot is on the ground to prevent the sagging of the unsupported left side of the pelvis (that is, to “support” the pelvis) and to prevent rightward lateral sway
contract
