Abdominal Cavity I lecture ii Flashcards
t/f: falciform ligament divides the liver into the rt and lt lobe
true
ligamentum teres enclosed by the _ and remnant of the _ vein
(round ligament of the liver) enclosed by the falciform ligament; a remnant of the lt umbilical vein
t/f: liver is the largest internal organ
TRUE
the liver lies mainly in the
right upper quadrant of the abdomen
the liver projects
projects left as far as apex of heart
the liver projects inferiorly to midpoint btwn
xiphoid process and umbilicus
the liver is encased in
fibrous capsule and covered by visceral peritoneum
what parts of the liver are not encased
bare area, the fossa for the gallbladder, and the porta hepatis
liver surface: diaphragmatic
dome shaped; related to the concavity of the inferior surface of the diaphragm (mostly superior and anterior); includes bare area
liver surface: visceral
in the anatomical position, directed inferiorly and posteriorly; includes fossa for gallbladder and porta hepatis
porta hepatis
a transverse fissure where the vessels (hepatic portal vein, hepatic artery, and lymphatic vessels) the hepatic nerve plexus, and hepatic ducts that supply and drain the liver enter and leave it
lobes of the liver: rt
the largest lobe; separated from the left lobe by the falciform ligament and the left sagittal fissue
lobes of the liver: lt
smaller than rt but larger than caudate and quadrate
lobes of the liver: caudate
posterior to quadrate on visceral surface
lobes of the liver: quadrate
anterior to caudate; this and the caudate lobe are demarcated by the rt and lt sagittal fissures and the porta hepatis (both caudate and quadrate are part of the rt lobe)
celiac trunk
(arterial blood supply to liver) 1st major branch of the abdominal aorta after it emerges inferior to diaphragm
the celiac trunk gives rise to
3 main branches: splenic a., lt gastric a., and common hepatic a.
the common hepatic a. supplies the
liver, gallbladder, and parts of the stomach, pancreas, and duodenum
what are the 2 sources of blood supplied to the liver
arterial blood and venous blood
common hepatic artery gets renamed the _ as a continuation of arterial blood supplied to the liver which dumps into liver sinusoids
hepatic artery proper
hepatic a. proper
the continuation of the common hepatic a. (beyond branch, the gastroduodenal); gives rise to branches that supply the liver
the hepatic a. proper gives rise to these 2 branches that supply the liver
- right hepatic a.
2. left hepatic a.
blood from rt and lt hepatic artery eventually finds its way into spaces aka _ w/in liver tissue
sinusoids
a portal system is
2 capillary beds linked directly (in series) by a blood vessel
hepatic portal system
the venous system by which nutrient-rich blood passes from the capillary beds of the GI tract to the capillary beds/sinusoids of the liver
venous blood supply to the liver via
hepatic portal vein (often called the portal vein and to an organ)
hepatic portal vein carries blood to the:
liver
hepatic portal vein collects blood from the: (4 structures)
abdominal part of the GI tract, pancreas, spleen, and most of the gallbladder
hepatic portal vein is formed by the union of:
the spelinc vein and superior mesenteric vein (drain together and form hepatic portal vein; enters at porta hepatis)
portal triad contains
- portal vein
- hepatic artery
- bile passages
portal triad enters liver at
porta hepatis
blood drainage of liver:
the right, intermediate, and left hepatic veins open into the inferior vena cava
ducts of the liver:
- rt and lt hepatic ducts
- common hepatic duct
- bile duct
rt and lt hepatic ducts drain
drain bile from rt lobe liver and lt lobe of liver
common hepatic duct formed by the union of
formed by union of rt and lt hepatic ducts
bile duct formed by the union of the _ and _ ducts
formed by the union of common hepatic duct and cystic duct from the gallbladder
the bile duct unites with the _ to form the _ (the distal end of the ampulla opens into the duodenum)
main pancreatic duct to form the hepatopancreatic ampulla (the distal end of the ampulla opens into the duodenum)
the circular muscle around the distal end of the bile duct is thickened to form the _
sphincter of the bile duct
when the sphincter of the bile duct contracts, bile
cannot enter the ampulla and thus backs up into the gallbladder (fills the gallbladder once again)
the gallbladder is a pear-shaped organ lying btwn _ and _ lobes of liver
quadrate and right lobe of liver
gallbladder stores and concentrates _
bile
gallbladder is drained by the _
cystic duct
the gallbladder, together with the bile ducts inside and outside the liver, form the _
biliary system
nerves of the liver and biliary system: nerves carrying _ fibers are prominent along the
nerves carrying autonomic fibers are prominent along the hepatic artery, portal vein, bile duct, and their branches
the stomach is mostly located in
mostly located in epigastric and left hypochondriac regions
stomach regions (4)
- cardia
- fundus
- body
- pyloric part
cardia of stom
surrounds cardial orifice where esophagus enters the stomach
fundus of stom
superior part that is related to the left dome of diaphragm, limited inferiorly by the horizontal plane of the cardial orifice (cardial notch is btwn esophagus and fundus)
body of stom
major part of stomach btwn the fundus and pyloric antrum
pyloric part of stom is a _-shaped region feeding into the _ (pyloric _ is the wide portion of the pyloric part and _ is the narrow portion of the pyloric part)
funnel-shaped region feeding into duodenum (pyloric antrum is the wide portion of the pyloric part; pyloric canal is the narrow portion of the pyloric part)
other stomach feats: pyloric orifice
inferior opening of the stomach into duodenum, the passage of chyme through which is controlled by the pyloric sphincter
other stomach feats: lesser curvature
forms the shorter concave border of the stomach
other stomach feats: greater curvature
forms the longer convex border of the stomach
other stomach feats: angular incisure (notch)
indicates the junction of the body and pyloric part
other stomach feats: gastric rugae (folds)
longitudinal internal ridges that allow expansion of stomach
