Abdominal Cavity II lecture iii and Pelvic Bones and Cavity lecture i

Question 1

LI Anal Canal: the anal canal begins at _ and forms terminal part of _

Answer 1

begins at anorectal angle and forms terminal part of LI and entire digestive tract

Question 2

anal canal: internal anal sphincter

Answer 2

a thickened ring of the circular smooth muscle layer; surrounds upper part of anal canal

Question 3

internal anal sphincter controlled by

Answer 3

controlled involuntary by ANS (parasympathetic input promotes relaxation and sympathetic input promotes contraction)

Question 4

anal canal: external anal sphincter formed from _ tissue and controlled (voluntarily/involuntarily?) by _ neurons

Answer 4

formed from skeletal muscle tissue; controlled voluntarily via somatic motor neurons

Question 5

anal canal: anal columns:

Answer 5

longitudinal ridges in the mucous membrane of the superior half of the canal

Question 6

anal canal: pectinate line

Answer 6

an irregular line that indicates the jxn of the superior and inferior parts of the anal canal

Question 7

pectinate line is a transition point in that (superior vs inferior to the pectinate line)

Answer 7

superior to the line the anal canal nerve supply involves sympathetic, parasympathetic, and visceral afferent fibers, while inferior to the line the nerve supply involves somatic fibers

Question 8

anal canal: the arterial blood supply and the venous and lymphatic drainage of the anal canal also undergoes

Answer 8

undergo transitions at the pectinate line

Question 9

at _ is a switch in blood supply

Answer 9

left colic flexure (upstream is sup mesenteric artery, downstream is inf mesenteric artery)

Question 10

lower limb regions:

Answer 10

gluteal, thigh, leg, foot

Question 11

lower limb is specialized for

Answer 11

locomotion, the maintenance of balance and posture, and the support of the body’s weight

Question 12

the pelvic girdle attaches

Answer 12

(paired hip bones + sacrum) attaches the lower limb to the axial skeleton (consists of the skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage)

Question 13

hip bone is formed by fusion of

Answer 13

ilium, ischium, and pubis

Question 14

ilium: iliac fossa is site for attachment of

Answer 14

iliacus muscle

Question 15

ilium: anterior superior iliac spine is site for attachment of _ and proximal attachment of _

Answer 15

inguinal ligament and proximal attachment of sartorius muscle

Question 16

ilium: anterior inferior iliac spine is site for attachment of

Answer 16

proximal attachment (origin) of part of rectus femoris muscle

Question 17

ilium: auricular surface articulates with _

Answer 17

articulates with auricular surface of sacrum

Question 18

ilium: acetabulum is also formed by

Answer 18

ischium and pubis

Question 19

ilium: acetabulum has a _ surface; which is a half-moon areas that articulates with the head of the _

Answer 19

lunate surface, which is a half-moon areas that articulates with the head of the femur

Question 20

acetabular labrum

Answer 20

rim of fibrocartilage around edge of acetabulum that deepens it

Question 21

ischium: obturator foramen also formed by

Answer 21

the pubis

Question 22

ischium: obturator foramen covered by

Answer 22

obturator membrane; a passageway for obturator nerve and vessels

Question 23

pubis tubercle site of attachment for

Answer 23

attachment of inguinal ligament

Question 24

ischipubic ramus composed of

Answer 24

ramus of ischium + inferior pubic ramus

Question 25

distal attachments are called

Answer 25

insertions; more moveable but not always true

Question 26

proximal attachments are called

Answer 26

origin; less moveable

Question 27

fossa means

Answer 27

depression