Exam 3 - Older Age

Question 1

what happens to the epidermis as a person ages

Answer 1

becomes thin, stretches

collagen, elastic decreases

Question 2

is skin tenting common in older adults

Answer 2

yes

Question 3

bumpy yellow patches inside the corner of eyelids

causes by cholesterol buildup

Answer 3

xanthelasma

Question 4

yellow white bumps on the face

linked to sun exposure

Answer 4

pinguecula

Question 5

pink color growth on the conjunctiva

linked to sun exposure

Answer 5

ptyerygium

Question 6

loss of nearsightedness

Answer 6

presbyopia

Question 7

white, light gray, or bluish ring around the edge of the cornea

due to deposits of lipids

Answer 7

arcus senilis

Question 8

the tympanic membrane is __ and __ in older adults

Answer 8

thicker; pale

Question 9

lung sounds in older adults are typically ___ audible

Answer 9

less

Question 10

breast changes in older adults

Answer 10

less glandular tissue
more fatty tissue
less firm; more pendulous
nipples smaller, flatter
decrease erectile ability

Question 11

SBP will __ with aging

Answer 11

increase

Question 12

why does BP increase with age?

Answer 12

arterial walls lose elasticity, becomes rigid = increase vascular resistance = increase BP

Question 13

by ages 75-80 what % of nephrons have been lost

Answer 13

50%

GFR decreases

Question 14

older adult male gait changes

Answer 14

walk with head and trunk flexed
short, high steps
wide gait
smaller arm swing

Question 15

older adult female gait changes

Answer 15

bow-legged stance

increase risk of falls and fractures

Question 16

groups of conditions commonly identified with the older adults that may contribute to morality

Answer 16

malnutrition
polypharmacy
depression
fratility - associated with weakness

Question 17

when obtaining a health hx from an older adult, what should you do?

Answer 17

sit at eye level
allow pt to reminisce
adjust questions according to pt behavior
don’t interrupt if they’re explaining something not understood
don’t yell or speak loudly if having difficult hearing
**speak normal tone, lead towards good ear

Question 18

orthostatic hypotension changes

Answer 18

> 20 SBP
10 DBP

can be on or both

Question 19

s/sx of orthostatic hypotension

Answer 19

dizziness
light-headedness
faintness
confusion
blurred vision

occurs within a few minutes of standing, resolves rapidly ater lying down

Question 20

some pt have experienced these behaviors with orthostatic hypotension

Answer 20

falls
syncope
generalized seizures

Question 21

onychomycosis

Answer 21

toenail fungus

Question 22

yellowish, hardened nail mainly seen on the big toe; curvature develops

aka ram horn nail

Answer 22

onychogryphosis