Exam 3 - Older Age Flashcards

1
Q

what happens to the epidermis as a person ages

A

becomes thin, stretches

collagen, elastic decreases

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2
Q

is skin tenting common in older adults

A

yes

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3
Q

bumpy yellow patches inside the corner of eyelids

causes by cholesterol buildup

A

xanthelasma

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4
Q

yellow white bumps on the face

linked to sun exposure

A

pinguecula

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5
Q

pink color growth on the conjunctiva

linked to sun exposure

A

ptyerygium

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6
Q

loss of nearsightedness

A

presbyopia

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7
Q

white, light gray, or bluish ring around the edge of the cornea

due to deposits of lipids

A

arcus senilis

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8
Q

the tympanic membrane is __ and __ in older adults

A

thicker; pale

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9
Q

lung sounds in older adults are typically ___ audible

A

less

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10
Q

breast changes in older adults

A
less glandular tissue
more fatty tissue
less firm; more pendulous
nipples smaller, flatter
decrease erectile ability
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11
Q

SBP will __ with aging

A

increase

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12
Q

why does BP increase with age?

A

arterial walls lose elasticity, becomes rigid = increase vascular resistance = increase BP

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13
Q

by ages 75-80 what % of nephrons have been lost

A

50%

GFR decreases

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14
Q

older adult male gait changes

A

walk with head and trunk flexed
short, high steps
wide gait
smaller arm swing

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15
Q

older adult female gait changes

A

bow-legged stance

increase risk of falls and fractures

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16
Q

groups of conditions commonly identified with the older adults that may contribute to morality

A

malnutrition
polypharmacy
depression
fratility - associated with weakness

17
Q

when obtaining a health hx from an older adult, what should you do?

A

sit at eye level
allow pt to reminisce
adjust questions according to pt behavior
don’t interrupt if they’re explaining something not understood
don’t yell or speak loudly if having difficult hearing
**speak normal tone, lead towards good ear

18
Q

orthostatic hypotension changes

A

> 20 SBP
10 DBP

can be on or both

19
Q

s/sx of orthostatic hypotension

A
dizziness
light-headedness
faintness
confusion
blurred vision

occurs within a few minutes of standing, resolves rapidly ater lying down

20
Q

some pt have experienced these behaviors with orthostatic hypotension

A

falls
syncope
generalized seizures

21
Q

onychomycosis

A

toenail fungus

22
Q

yellowish, hardened nail mainly seen on the big toe; curvature develops

aka ram horn nail

A

onychogryphosis