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N1109 - Physical Assessment > Exam 2 - Chpt 15 > Flashcards

Exam 2 - Chpt 15 Flashcards

1
Q

sensory organ that functions in hearing and equilibrium

A

ear

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2
Q

what are the 3 portions of the ear

A

external
middle
inner

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3
Q

major functions of the ear

A

collecting, transporting sound vibrations to the brain and maintaining the sense of equilibrium

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4
Q

what helps move cerumen out of the canal

A

chewing, talking

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5
Q

what may become infected in adults after an ear infection?

A

mastoid process

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6
Q

what separates the external and middle ear

A

tympanic membrane aka eardrum

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7
Q

what connects the middle ear with the nasopharyn

A

eustachian tube

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8
Q

conducts sound vibrations from the external ear to the inner ear

A

middle ear

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9
Q

spiraling chamber that contains the receptors for hearing

A

cochlea

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10
Q

4 sinuses

A

sphenoid
frontal
ethmoid
maxillary

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11
Q

functions of the nose and sinuses

A

provide airway for respiration
filter, warm, humidify air
resonance of the voice
housing receptors for olfactory

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12
Q

how many adult teeth

A

32

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13
Q

how many deciduous (baby) teeth

A

20

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14
Q

papillae are aka

A

tastebuds

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15
Q

responsible for saliva production

A

parotid
submandibular
sublingual

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16
Q

where does saliva enter the mouth from the parotid gland

A

Stensen’s duct located in the buccal mucosa

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17
Q

where does saliva enter the mouth from the submandibular gland

A

Wharton’s duct

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18
Q

cerumen is secreted by which gland

A

apocrine and sebaceous

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19
Q

cerumen characteristics

A 
white, grey
yellow, orange-brown
dark brown
flaky, crumbly
wet, sticky
hard
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20
Q

dry cerumen is common in which race

A

East Asians

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21
Q

mixed dry, wet cerumen is common in which races

A

Native North American
Pacific Islander
Central Asian

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22
Q

brain is capable of simultaneously integrating information that is received from both ears

A

binaural hearing

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23
Q

children begin loosing their teeth by __ and have lost their last one by age __

A

6; 12-13

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24
Q

subjective data r/t ear

A 
earache (OLDCART, ICE)
infection (frequency)
discharge
hearing loss (onset)
environmental noise
tinnitus (persistant; meds?)
vertigo
pt-centered care
--how to you clean your ears; last hearing test; hearing aids.
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25
Q

do you irrigate an ear with hx of or examination suggests perforation or infection?

A

No

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26
Q

what is typically used to dislodge cerumen

A

mineral oil, H2O2

irrigate with warm H2O, bulb syringe, or WaterPik; direct fluid to posterior wall

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27
Q

objective data r/t ear

A 
inspect
palpate
inspect auditory canal
examine tympanic membrane
Whisper test
Rhinne, Weber, Romberg test
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28
Q

small, painless nodule at the top of the helix

congenital, not signifiant

A

Darwin’s tubule

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29
Q

Large or small speculum for examining the ear canal?

A

largest that will fit comfortably

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30
Q

what to do with the speculum after each ear, especially if there is discharge

A

clean it

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31
Q

color of tympanic membrane

A

translucent, pearl-gray

32
Q

how far to stand behind the pt when doing a whisper test?

A

30-60 cm / 1-2 ft

33
Q

what is used for the weber and rinne test?

A

tuning fork

34
Q

tuning fork location for weber test

A

bridge of FA, nose, or teeth

35
Q

tuning fork location for rinne test

A

base, beside the ear

36
Q

normal finding for weber test

A

sound heard equally in both ears

37
Q

normal finding for rinne test

A

AC > BC

38
Q

proprioception

A

otherwise known as kinesthesia, is your body’s ability to sense movement, action, and location

39
Q

abnormal findings: external near

A

frostbite
brachial remnant, ear deformity
otitis externa (Swimmer’s ear)
cellulitis

40
Q

abnormal lumps, lesions on external ear

A 
sebaceous cyst
tophi
chodrodematitis
carcinoma
battle sign
41
Q

where are sebaceous cyst commonly located r/t ear

A

postauricular fold

42
Q

tophi

A

small, hard, yellow, nontender nodules - greasy, chalky material of uric acid crystals

43
Q

battle sign

A

trauma to side of head may lead to basilar skull fracture

–glucose strip to test for CSF

44
Q

most common place for carcinoma r/t ear

A

superior rim of pinna d/t most sun exposure

45
Q

abnormal findings r/t ear cancal

A 
excessive cerumen
otitis externa
osteoma (benign; removable)
exostosis
furuncle
polpy
46
Q

exostosis is commonly seen in these individuals

A

cold water swimmers

found near eardrum; multiple, bilateral; no treatment

47
Q

furuncle locations r/t ear

A

tragus or cartilage of ear canal

painful, red; will often have regional lymphadenopathy

48
Q

abnormal findings r/t tympanic membrane

A

retracted drum

otitis media with effusion (OME)

49
Q

OME s/sx

A

fullness
transient hearing loss
popping with swallowing

d/t serous fluid in middler ear; blocked eustachian tube

50
Q

only externally visible organ of the respiratory system

A

nose

51
Q

the nose house with receptors

A

olfactory

52
Q

visible portion of the tooth

A

enamel-covered crown

53
Q

this CN assist with speech, swallowing

A

CN XII; hypoglossal

54
Q

throat is aka

A

pharynx

55
Q

subjective data r/t nose

A 
discharge
frequency: colds, respiratory infections
sinus pain
trauma
epistaxis
allergies
altered smell
56
Q

subjective data r/t mouth, throat

A 
sores, lesions
sore throat
bleeding gums
toothache
hoarseness
dysphagia
altered taste
tobacco, alcohol use
pt-centered care
-dental care pattern
-dentures, appliances
57
Q

African American lip color

A

bluish, dark line on gingival margin

58
Q

lip abnormalities

A 
cleft lip
herpes simplex
angular chelitis
carcinoma
cyst
59
Q

causes of cleft lip

A

family hx

maternal use of dilantin, alcohol, certain drugs

60
Q

angular chelitis

A

erythema, scaling, shallow pain fissures at the corner of the mouth

61
Q

tooth avulsion

A

traumatic injury

62
Q

what to do with a adult tooth if it has fallen out

A

put in milk so it can be implanted

if the tooth is dry for > 15 minutes, increase necrosis

63
Q

ventral surface of the tongue characteritistics

A

smooth
glistening
shows veins

64
Q

where are oral malignancies most commonly found

A

U-shape under tongue

65
Q

if lesions are present for any person > 50 with a hx of alcohol, tobacco use, you should

A

done gloves, palpate lesion

66
Q

ankyloglossia

A

aka tongue tie

short frenulum limits the mobility and affects speech

67
Q

tonsil grade 1+

A

visible

68
Q

tonsil grade 2+

A

halfway between tonsillar pillars and uvula

69
Q

tonsil grade 3+

A

touching uvula

70
Q

tonsil grade 4+

A

touching each other

71
Q

majority of Native American have what kind of uvula

A

fish tail

72
Q

leukoplakia can be caused by…

A

dipping, chewing

HIV

73
Q

do you reposition the ear while otoscope is in place

A

No

74
Q

most common place for epitaxis

A

Kiesselbach plexus in the anterior septum

75
Q

geographic tongue (migratory glossitis)

A

unknown cause

normal, mixed coating

76
Q

smooth, glossy tongue (atrophic glossitis)

A

slick, shiny surface

mucosa thin

77
Q

cause of black, hairy tongue

A

fungus after infection, abx use or heavy smoking

N1109 - Physical Assessment (14 decks)

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