Exam 2 - Chpt 11 Flashcards
What 4 things does psychosocial health include?
mental (thinking)
emotional (feeling)
social (relationships)
spiritual dimensions (being
What 3 internal factors influence psychosocial health?
genetics
physical health
emotional
What 4 external factors influence psychosocial health?
family
culture
geography
economic status
Other factors that influence psychosocial health
substance abuse self-concept eating disorders role development sexuality interpersonal relationships maltreatment stress, coping spiritual beliefs, patterns
Alcohol dependence increases the risk for…
ED visits
ICU admissions
sepsis
What are the 7 categories of illicit drug use?
marijuana/hashish cocaine/crack heroin hallucinogens inhalants Rx type drugs used nonmedically tobacco
__ years old and higher show highest risk fo illicit drug use
12
It is estimated that heredity accounts for __ - __% of a persons susceptibility to the disease
40-60%
What is a significant factor to substance abuse?
peer influence
What are sociological risk factors for substance abuse?
social learning
perspective of substance use influenced by family/friends
model/imitate parent behaviors
What are the 4 main categories of intimate partner violence?
physical
sexual
stalking
psychological
force resulting in injury or death
physical abuse
attempted or completed acts without permission
sexual violence
repeated unwanted attention through various methods
stalking
emotional abuse of an aggressive nature
psychological
___ who are abused are more likely to experience ongoing poor health as they age.
impact on brain development, behavior learning delays, and higher risk for chronic disease
children
health effects of violence
depression suicide PTTS substance abuse impacts on fetus --preterm, low birth weight, perinatal deaths
What are the 3 phases of cycle of abuse?
1: tension building
2: acute/battering incident
3: calm, loving (honeymoon phase)
Victim characteristics
women, men
all ages, race, religions, cultures, socioeconomic status
married, single
grew up in violent/abusive homes
2 most common:
–low self-esteem
willingness to accept the blame abuser’s actions
victims who are chronically exposed to violence can develop at ___ ___
learned helplessness
perpetrator characteristics
low self-esteem; need to maintain control possessive behavior threats of suicide, homicide common traits: --pathological jealousy limited ability to cope
barriers to treatment of intimate partner violence
societal stressors
legal status
lack of access to culturally appropriate care
societal stressor to IPV
poverty level = increased difficulties in daily struggles
past experience to discrimination
legal status stressor to IPV
immigration status/fear of deportation
hospitals can not report illegal immigrants
Who is over routine screening for IPV
US Preventative Task Force Guidelines (USPTF)
According to the USPTF, who who should be screened for IVP?
all women in childbearing years (14-46 y/o)
must be assess with every encounter
How to assess for IPV
open-ended questions interview away from perpetrator listen for cues IPV tool in clinical setting "Do you feel safe at home?" be aware of state laws
being mentally, emotionally, socially, an spiritually well
psychosocial health
___ ___ includes the way a person the way a person thinks, feels, acts, and relates to self and others
psychosocial functioning
environment factors can be ___ or ___
internal; external
___ responses result in feelings of self-worth, confidence
positive
___ responses result in low self-concept, unmanageable levels of stress which could trigger mental behavior or illness
negative
___ ___ is associated with satisfaction of basic needs, quality of life, and psychosocial well-being, often referred to as the mind-body spirit connection
physical health
body’s response to thoughts and feelings
mind-body-spirit
positive and negative stressors
school, job performance
financial difficulties
death of a friend, family
loss of a job
s/sx of stress/distress
back, chest pain difficulty breathing constipation fatigue HTN, palpitations dry mouth nausea weight loss, gain
T or F. Stress affects the immune system and can lead to increase susceptibility to infection.
True
measures to deal with stress
talk opening about feelings
think of positive aspect of life
relaxation techniques (meditation, yoga, prayer, positive energy)
follow health regimen (eating health, exercise, sleep)
an individuals experience and the way they respond to stress, coping, and life situations are determined in great part by ___
culture
___ areas may be subjected to stressors associated with crowded conditions, congestion, and crime raters higher
urban areas
___ areas experience the stressors of limited resources and isolation
rural areas
children of ___ face the difficulty of being raise in a family with the previous cultures values and norms, while growing and developing as members of their adopted community and culture
immigrants
___ advantages contribute to increased self-esteem and ability to adapt, cope with life changes
economic advantages
results of poverty
anger frustration difficulty coping family disturbances abnormal behaviors mental illness
beliefs and feelings one holds about oneself
self-concept
components are body image and self-esteem
severely restricting intake of nutrients and low body weight
anorexia nervosa
subjective findings: anorexia nervosa
fear of gaining weight, becoming fat perception of being overweight refusal to maintain body weight for their age/height constipation, GI bloating abdominal pain
objective findings: anorexia nervosa
extreme weight loss refusal of foods, supplements electrolyte imbalance damaged teeth esophageal, stomach injury irregular, absent menses
characterized by binging, purging
bulimia nervosa
how many calories will an individual consume in one sitting with bulimia nervosa?
4000
subjective data: bulimia nervosa
obsession with physical appearance
excessive food consumption followed by purging (vomiting, diuretic, laxative, extreme exercise)
objective data: bulimia nervosa
normal, slightly overweight
electrolyte imbalance
esophageal, stomach injury
damage to teeth
an individuals maladaptive behavior recurrent binge eating
binge eating disorder (BED)
accompanied by feelings of loss of control, distress
BED can co-occur with which other disorders
mood disorders
bipolar
SUD
anxiety
subjective data: BED
recurrent binge eating
marked distress re: eating habits
at least once a week x3 months
BED is associated with 3 or more of which characterisitics
eating faster than normal eating until uncomfortably full eating large amounts when not hungry eating alone d/t embarrassment feeling disgusted, depressed, guilty after eating
individuals capacity to identify and fulfill the social expectations r/t variety of roles assumed in a lifetime
role development
ex. of reciprocal relationships
child-parent
student-teach
employee-employer
self assigned; comprises most significant aspect of an individuals sexual life, including attractions, behaviors and desires
gender identity
individuals innate predisposition towards affiliation, affection, bonding, and thoughts in relationships of the same, other, both, or neither sex
sexual orientation
used to simplify and describe an individuals sexual orientation
sexual orientation label
individuals identify themselves as the gender that is different from their biologically assigned gender
transgender
individual establish bonds with others based on trust; characterized by mutual reliance and support
interdependent relationships
acts of abuse, neglect, omission, discriminatory behavior is required to be reported by the nurse, making them a ___ ___
mandated reporter
failure or refusal to provide food, shelter, protection, or healthcare for a child or older adult
neglect
behaviors of adults that threaten their own health, safety
self-neglect
r/t a persons disability, age, gender, race, sexuality, religion, or cultural background
discriminatory abuse
r/t theft, fraud, exploitation of inheritance, unexplained bank WD, unusual bank account activities, loss of valuables
financial abuse
physical s/sx of stress
^ HR decreased clotting time ^ RR, depth ^ BGL dilated skeletal blood vessels HTN dilated bronchi ^ blood volume contraction of spleen ^ blood supply to vital organs release of T lymphocytes
**fight, flight, or freeze
which has the highest rate of substance abuse?
alcohol, followed by marijuana
use of synthetic cannabinoids (SCBs) has increase because…
low cost
cannot be detected by routine drug screenings
clinical effects of SCB toxicity
tachycardia lethargy agitation irritable confusion HTN chest pain vertigo N/V
excessive alcohol intake damages…
brain neurological system pancreas liver intestines
refers to a learned response, which is elicited after a person has repeated exposure to a stimulus
conditioning
physiological adverse health effect of IVP
chronic pain GI disorders HTN chest pain STI psychological - depression, PTSD, substance abuse, SI
an abuser may have what kind of personality?
dual personality
dual personality characterisitc
controlling, jealous shown to partner
calm, charming to the rest of society
nurses role for IPV
provide empathy
asess pts situation
offer assistance, referral choices
encourage safety planning
when does a psychosocial assessment being?
before the interview - review medical records
what does the general appearance include?
dress
personal hygiene
grooming
tells pts to carry out acts against themselves or others that are usually harmful
command hallucinations
test for assessing stress
Holmes Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS)
–higher the score, more likely experience stress disorders
behaviors committed by and aimed at oneself that results in deliberate actual or potential self harm
nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI)
considering, planning, or thinking about committing suicide
suicide ideation
the CDC uses ___ ___ ___ to assess quality of life
Healthy Days Measures
