Exam 3 - Lecture 24: Nocardia and Actinomyces

Question 1

3

Nocardia and Actinomyces are what type of bacteria?

Question 2

3

Are nocardia and ACtinomyces aerobic or anaerobic?

Question 3

3

Are nocardia and Actinomyces motile ot non-motile?

Question 4

3

Are Actinomyces and Nocardia spore forming?

Question 5

3

Nocardia and Actinomyces reproduce by the _____.

Question 6

4

Actinomyces lesions may be extensive, consisting of ______, _____, and _______.

Question 7

4

_____ may be observed with the purulent material in Actinomyces infection

Question 8

4

____ is common in chronic cases of Actinomyces.

Question 9

5

Nocardia species are what kind of bacteria?

Question 10

5

Are mocardia acid fast or not?

Question 11

5

Rare outbreaks of Nocardia occur with contamination of ______.

Question 12

6

How many species of Nocardia are there?

Question 13

7

Incidence estimates of Nocardia infections in immunocompromised patients vary:

-Renal Tranpslant: ____%
-Bone marrow transplant: _____%
-Systemic Lupus Eryhtematosus: ____%

Question 14

8

Actinomyces is found in the ____, ____, ____, and _____.

Question 15

8

What two things can cause infection of Nocardia ?

Question 16

8

Is there person to person transmission of Nocardia?

Question 17

8

Is Nocardia commensal in humans or animals?

Question 18

9

Pulmonary infections have been caused by which Nocordia bacteria?

Question 19

9

What nocardia is associated with soft tissue/bone?

Question 20

10

Nocardia can cause ____, overwhelming ____, or brain ____.

Question 21

11

Infections with Nocardia are ____ or _____.

Question 22

12

What are 3 underlying illnesses associated with Nocardia?

Question 23

13

Entry of Nocardia via the respiratory tract results in pulmonary lesions such as ______.

Question 24

14

What is needed for killing of Nocardia?

Question 25

14

Infection of Nocardia progresses after the initial inhibition by neutrophils unless ______ therapy or _____ lymphocytes intervene.

Question 26

14

Hematogenous dissemination of Nocardia may occur to all organs of the body especially the ____, ____, and ____.

Question 27

20

N. brasinliensis is more common in ______.

Question 28

20

What is thename for multiple nodules/absesses in soft tissue/bone infections?

Question 29

20

What is the name for chronic progressive destruction of the hand or foot?

Question 30

28

What is lab diganosis of pulmonary infections by Nocardia?

Question 31

28

What is lab diagnosis for mycetoma?

Question 32

28

Gram-positive filamentous bacilli such as Nocardia are _____ positive.

Question 33

28

Identification of Nocardia may require _______.

Question 34

34

A significant number of patients cannot tolerate ____ for Nocardia infections andan alternative agent may be necessary.

Question 35

35

Otto von Bollinger described the organism
_______ and its ability to cause “lumpy jaw” in cattle

Question 36

37

Actinomyces were originally thought to be a ____.

Question 37

38

Incidence of symptomatic infection with Actinomyces is _____.

Question 38

38

What is the male to female ratio for Actinomyces causing pelvic infections?

Question 39

39

Actinomyces is normal flora of the ____ but less commonly of the ___ and ____.

Question 40

39

Actinomyces is a major component of dental ____.

Question 41

39

Actinomyces are ____ pathogens that cause breaks in _____ membranes.

Question 42

39

Actinomyces infection is generally a _____ infection. They may require ____ bacteria which enable infection by elaborating toxins or enzymes or by inhibiting host defenses.

Question 43

40

With Actinomyces, hematogenous dissemination to distant organs can occur at _____ of the infection.

Question 44

41

Actinomyces infection can result in a _____ process that becomes _____; fibrosis.

Question 45

41

With actinomyces, purulent discharge contains macroscopic _______ that appear as whitish, yellow, or brown granular bodies.

Question 46

42

What is the most common actinomyces manifestation and in what percent of cases does it occur?

Question 47

42

Cervicofacial actinomycosis is characterized in the initial stages by _____ of the ______.

Question 48

42

What is the anme for the purulent discharge containing yellow granules seen in Cervicofacial actinomycosis?

Question 49

42

With cervicofacial actinomycosis, there is invasion of the ____ or the ____ if untreated.

Question 50

48

Thoracic actinomycosis makes up ____% of cases.

Question 51

48

Thoracic Actinomycosis involves:

-aspiration via ____ perforations
-infection via ______
-direct spread from ____ or ____
-Hematogenous spread from a ______ lesion.

Question 52

49

Actinomycosis of the abdomen and pelvis make up ____% of cases. This involves recent or remote ____, perforated ________, and ingestion of ______.

Question 53

49

Actinomycosis of the abdomen and pelvis spread to the abdominal wall or any organ, with eventual formation of _____.

Question 54

50

A key colony appearance for Actinomyces is ______ colonies.

Question 55

50

For species identification of Actinomyces, _____ are required.

Question 56

53

What are two treatments needed for Actinomyces infection?

Question 57

53

Actinomyces treatment involves _____ weeks of high dose intravenous antibiotics, followed by _____ months of oral antibiotics.