Exam 3 - Lecture 24: Nocardia and Actinomyces Flashcards
3
Nocardia and Actinomyces are what type of bacteria?
3
Are nocardia and ACtinomyces aerobic or anaerobic?
3
Are nocardia and Actinomyces motile ot non-motile?
3
Are Actinomyces and Nocardia spore forming?
3
Nocardia and Actinomyces reproduce by the _____.
4
Actinomyces lesions may be extensive, consisting of ______, _____, and _______.
4
_____ may be observed with the purulent material in Actinomyces infection
4
____ is common in chronic cases of Actinomyces.
5
Nocardia species are what kind of bacteria?
5
Are mocardia acid fast or not?
5
Rare outbreaks of Nocardia occur with contamination of ______.
6
How many species of Nocardia are there?
7
Incidence estimates of Nocardia infections in immunocompromised patients vary:
-Renal Tranpslant: ____%
-Bone marrow transplant: _____%
-Systemic Lupus Eryhtematosus: ____%
8
Actinomyces is found in the ____, ____, ____, and _____.
8
What two things can cause infection of Nocardia ?
8
Is there person to person transmission of Nocardia?
8
Is Nocardia commensal in humans or animals?
9
Pulmonary infections have been caused by which Nocordia bacteria?
9
What nocardia is associated with soft tissue/bone?
10
Nocardia can cause ____, overwhelming ____, or brain ____.
11
Infections with Nocardia are ____ or _____.
12
What are 3 underlying illnesses associated with Nocardia?
13
Entry of Nocardia via the respiratory tract results in pulmonary lesions such as ______.
14
What is needed for killing of Nocardia?
14
Infection of Nocardia progresses after the initial inhibition by neutrophils unless ______ therapy or _____ lymphocytes intervene.
14
Hematogenous dissemination of Nocardia may occur to all organs of the body especially the ____, ____, and ____.
20
N. brasinliensis is more common in ______.
20
What is thename for multiple nodules/absesses in soft tissue/bone infections?
20
What is the name for chronic progressive destruction of the hand or foot?
28
What is lab diganosis of pulmonary infections by Nocardia?
28
What is lab diagnosis for mycetoma?
28
Gram-positive filamentous bacilli such as Nocardia are _____ positive.
28
Identification of Nocardia may require _______.
34
A significant number of patients cannot tolerate ____ for Nocardia infections andan alternative agent may be necessary.
35
Otto von Bollinger described the organism
_______ and its ability to cause “lumpy jaw” in cattle
37
Actinomyces were originally thought to be a ____.
38
Incidence of symptomatic infection with Actinomyces is _____.
38
What is the male to female ratio for Actinomyces causing pelvic infections?
39
Actinomyces is normal flora of the ____ but less commonly of the ___ and ____.
39
Actinomyces is a major component of dental ____.
39
Actinomyces are ____ pathogens that cause breaks in _____ membranes.
39
Actinomyces infection is generally a _____ infection. They may require ____ bacteria which enable infection by elaborating toxins or enzymes or by inhibiting host defenses.
40
With Actinomyces, hematogenous dissemination to distant organs can occur at _____ of the infection.
41
Actinomyces infection can result in a _____ process that becomes _____; fibrosis.
41
With actinomyces, purulent discharge contains macroscopic _______ that appear as whitish, yellow, or brown granular bodies.
42
What is the most common actinomyces manifestation and in what percent of cases does it occur?
42
Cervicofacial actinomycosis is characterized in the initial stages by _____ of the ______.
42
What is the anme for the purulent discharge containing yellow granules seen in Cervicofacial actinomycosis?
42
With cervicofacial actinomycosis, there is invasion of the ____ or the ____ if untreated.
48
Thoracic actinomycosis makes up ____% of cases.
48
Thoracic Actinomycosis involves:
-aspiration via ____ perforations
-infection via ______
-direct spread from ____ or ____
-Hematogenous spread from a ______ lesion.
49
Actinomycosis of the abdomen and pelvis make up ____% of cases. This involves recent or remote ____, perforated ________, and ingestion of ______.
49
Actinomycosis of the abdomen and pelvis spread to the abdominal wall or any organ, with eventual formation of _____.
50
A key colony appearance for Actinomyces is ______ colonies.
50
For species identification of Actinomyces, _____ are required.
53
What are two treatments needed for Actinomyces infection?
53
Actinomyces treatment involves _____ weeks of high dose intravenous antibiotics, followed by _____ months of oral antibiotics.
