Exam 3 - Lecture 19: The Spirochettes

Question 1

2

The spirochetes are ____, _____, ____-shaped cells.

Question 2

2

The spirochetes are motile via ______. They insert at the ____ and ____ around the cell.

Question 3

2

Are spirochetes gram positive or negative?

Question 4

2

_____ microscopy is the best way to view spirochetes.

Question 5

3

What are the three groups of spirochetes that are of medical importance?

Question 6

4

What is the causative agent of syphilis?

Question 7

4

What is the causative agent of relapsing fever?

Question 8

4

What is the causative agent of Lyme disease?

Question 9

4

What is the causative agent of infectious jaundice?

Question 10

10

How does one acquire symphilis?

Question 11

10

What percent of syphilis is sexually contracted?

Question 12

10

Can syphilis be transmitted congenitally?

Question 13

10

What are the 4 stages of syphilis?

Question 14

11

Does treponema pallidum survive well outside of the host?

Question 15

12

Are there any reports of genetic manipulation of T. pallidum?

Question 16

13

Growth of T. pallidum is carried out under ______ conditions.

Question 17

14

During which stages is syphilis infectious?

Question 18

14

There is no sexual spread of syphilis beyond _____ post acquisition.

Question 19

14

What is the age range most affected by syphilis?

Question 20

14

An infectious patient with syphilis averages ___ contacts and there is ____% transmission.

Question 21

14

Treponema pallidum divides every ____ hours.

Question 22

15

The primary stage of syphilis is usually marked by the appearance of a ______ called a _____. This can last for _____ weeks and may heal _____.

Question 23

15

A chancre is a _____ ulcer with a _____ base and ________ border.

Question 24

15

The primary stage of syphilis can have __________ lymphadenopathy.

Question 25

16

What are two characteristics seen in the secondary stage of syphilis?

Question 26

16

The secondary stage of syphilis may involve ______, ____, or _____ spots both of the _______ and the ______.

Question 27

16

Besides skin rash and mucous membrane lesions, what are two other symptoms associated with the secondary stage of syphilis?

Question 28

16

At what stage is a person with syphilis most contagious?

Question 29

16

The secondary stage of syphilis lasts ____ to ______.

Question 30

17

The latent stage of syphilis damages the _____.

Question 31

17

The early latent period of syphilis is _____ or less, and _______ may reappear.

Question 32

17

The late latent period is _______ years, and it is a _____ that may last a lifetime or result in ______.

Question 33

18

What are three symptoms of the tertiary stage of syphilis?

Question 34

18

Is the tertiary stage of syphilis infectious?

Question 35

18

What is a gumma in the tertiary stage of syphilis?

Question 36

19

Treponema pallidum is one of the few microorganisms able to cross the ______.

Question 37

19

A fetus may be infected with syphilis during the _________ from an infected mother who is either in the primary or secondary stage.

Question 38

19

In the infant, latent infectious with syphilis has ______ and _____ serology.

Question 39

19

In early infection of an infant with syphilis, what are 4 symptoms that appear up to the end of the second year of age?

Question 40

19

What are two lesions seen in late infection of a child with syphilis?

Question 41

20

What is the only absolute diagnostic test for syphilis? Which stages are viable?

Question 42

20

What should one look for with immunofluoresence of exudate in lab diagnosis of syphilis?

Question 43

20

What are two serological tests for T. pallidum? Which is more sensitive and specific?

Question 44

21

What is the recommended antibiotic for syphilis?

Question 45

24

All oral spirochettes are in the genus _____.

Question 46

24

Oral treponemes are found in the _____.

Question 47

24

Oral treponemes can cause lesions of _______ or ______.

Question 48

24

Oral treponemes travel through _____ environments and migrate within the ______ and penetrate ______ as well as ____.

Question 49

25

Oral Treponemes are involved in _____, _____, and _____.

Question 50

25

What is Vincent’s angina?

Question 51

25

Vincent’s angina is caused by a combination of ____ and ____.

Question 52

25

What are 5 symptoms of Vincent’s angina?

Question 53

26

In the primary stage of oral syphilis, chancre in the oral cavity occurs in ___% of cases in the lips and tongues and to a lesser extent in the ______ and ____ areas. The lesions heal spontaneously about ____ weeks after appearing.

Question 54

28 Borrelia burgdorferi is an _____ pathogen.

Question 55

31

Borrelia burgdorferi is the causative agent of Lyme disease, representing the most commonly acquired _______ in the US.

Question 56

31

B. burgdorferi are transmitted by _____ ticks to a variey of mammalian hosts.

Question 57

31

B. burgdorferi infection results in a multisystem disorder that includes occurence of ____, ____, and _____.

Question 58

31

What are four common symptoms of tick-borne diseases?

Question 59

31

What are 6 specific symptoms of tick-borne disease?

Question 60

35

What are the 2 lab tests for Lyme disease diagnosis?

Answer 60

immunologic tests and enzyme assays

Question 61

35

What are 3 treatments for Lyme disease?

Question 62

36

______ of RF Borrelia can occur within ___ seconds of tick attachment.

Question 63

38

For diagnosing relapsing fever, _____ is typical, particularly in the underdeveloped and developing countries.

Question 64

38

When available, serodiagnosis for relapsing fever is done via _____.

Question 65

38

New York has recently granted approval for a tick-borne RF test produced by IGeneX (_____).

Question 66

39

What are three symptoms of Relapsing Fever presentation?

Question 67

40

Relapsing fever recovery occurs in _____, with relapse again in _____.

Question 68

40

What are two antibiotics used to treat Relapsing Fever?

Question 69

43

Leptospita interrogans can be carried by ______ such as _____ and ____, and is spread through _____ and ____ contact.

Question 70

43

L. interrogans infects _____ or ______.

Question 71

43

What are 4 symptoms of infection with L. interrogans?

Question 72

43

What is the most common zoonotic infection in the world?

Question 73

43

What is the diagnostic test for L. interrogans?

Question 74

43

What are two treatments for L. interrogans?

Question 75

44

The time between a person’s exposure to a source contaminated with L. interrogans is ____ to ____.

Question 76

45

Leptospirosis occurs in ____ phases.

Question 77

45

What are 6 symptoms seen in the first phase of leptospirosis?

Question 78

45

What may occur in the second phase of leptospirosis?

Question 79

45

Leptospirosis may last from ____ to _____ or longer. Without treatment, the recovery may take ______.

Question 80

45

Leptospirosis illness can also be seen in ____