Exam 3 - Lecture 18: Gram Negative Diplococci - The Neisseriae

Question 1

2

What type of bacteria are the Neisseria?

Question 2

2

Do Neisseria have a capsule?

Question 3

2

What shape are the Neisseria? Do they form chains?

Question 4

2

What are the two pathogenic species of Neisseria?

Question 5

2

The Neisseria share ___% of DNA sequences.

Question 6

3

Neisseria grow best in atmospheres with ______.

Question 7

3

What are two examples of complex medium that pathogenic Neisseria require?

Question 8

3

Do Neisseria survive long outside the host?

Question 9

3

Transmission of Neisseria requires ____.

Question 10

4

N. gonorrhoeae are ______ pathogens.

Question 11

4

N. gonorrhoeae attaches to cells in the ___ and ______.

Question 12

4

N. gonorrhoeae is a master at ______. It can occur in a _____ exposure.

Question 13

4

What is the percent chance of transmission of N. gonorrhoeae in males and females?

Question 14

4

____ carriers of N. gonorrhoeae are common.

Question 15

4

Asymptomatic carriers of N. gonorrhoeae are more common in which gender?

Question 16

5

What are three gonococcal virulence factors?

Question 17

5

Pili are play a role in the ______ to host cells.

Question 18

5

Are nonpiliated gonococci virulent?

Question 19

5

Gonoccocal bacteria being masters at antigenic variation protects them against _____.

Question 20

5

Gonoccocal bacteria utilizes phase variation, which turns _____ on and off.

Question 21

6

Gonoccocal virulence factors include ______ proteins. These proteins allow ______ after ____ attach. This mediates _______.

Question 22

6

Gonoccocal bacteria have ____ alleles that are turned on and off in phase variation. This leads to _______ infections.

Question 23

7

What virulence factor is found in the outer membrane of gonococcal bacteria?

Question 24

7

Lipooligosaccharide is similar to LPS in that is has ______.

Question 25

7

Lipooligosaccharide stimulates ______ that causes symptoms.

Question 26

7

Anti-lipooligosaccharide antibodies activate ______.

Question 27

7

Gonococcal bacteria have secretory _______ that breaks the _____.

Question 28

7

Gonococcal bacteria can carry _____ which are involved in ____ resistance.

Question 29

8

In gonococcal invasion, Neisseria attach to ______, reducing the _______ on _____. This prevents the _________, causing the ____ to ___ and _____.

Question 30

9

No. gonorrhoeae invade using their _____. They cause _____ by epithelial cells.

Question 31

9

N. gonorrhoeae multiply _____.

Question 32

9

N. gonorrhoeae are protected from _____ and some ____.

Question 33

9

Gonococcal bacteria are transported to the _____. The _____ and they exit by ____. This allows gonococci to traverse the _____.

Question 34

9

Gonococcal bacteria generally remain ______.

Question 35

10

Acute urethritis occurs in men _____ after exposure.

Question 36

10

What are two symptoms of acute urethritis?

Question 37

10

Can acute urethritis subside without treatment?

Question 38

10

People with acute urethritis may become _____.

Question 39

10

_______ may result from repeated genital tract infections.

Question 40

11

What is the primary site of genital tract infection in women?

Question 41

11

What percent of genital tract infections in women are asymptomatic?

Question 42

11

Pelvic inflammatory disease can occur in ____% of untreated women.

Question 43

11

Pelvic inflammatory disease is infection of the ______, _____, and ______.

Question 44

11

What are three symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disease?

Question 45

11

Scarring with pelvic inflammatory disease can cause _____.

Question 46

11

Pelvic inflammatory disease is a major cause of _____ in women.

Question 47

12

Disseminated gonococcal infection can enter ____ and cause disseminated disease/

Question 48

12

Disseminated gonococci must be _____ to survive in blood. The bacteria can attach _____ to lipooligosaccharides to camouflage. They do not activate _____ well.

Question 49

13

Disseminated gonococcal infections develop after ___% of genital infections.

Question 50

13

Disseminated gonoccocal infection are usually due to _____ strains.

Question 51

13

Disseminated gonococcal infection occur in predominately which gender?

Question 52

13

______ deficient hosts are more susceptible to disseminated gonococcal infections.

Question 53

13

What are four systemic signs of disseminated gonococcal infections?

Question 54

13

____% of cases of disseminated gonococcal infections will have rash, and ___% will have arthritis.

Question 55

13

Disseminated gonococcal infections are the most common cause of _____ in sexually active adolescents and adults under 30.

Question 56

14

Does immunity develop after infection with disseminated gonococcal infection?

Question 57

14

____ are found in the secretions and serums of people who have been infected with disseminated gonococcal infections.

Question 58

14

Are there any vaccines for disseminated gonococcal infections?

Question 59

14

For prevention of disseminated gonococcal infection in prostitutes, there is ______ that could increase the ______.

Question 60

15

Is penicillin recommended for gonococcal infection?

Question 61

16

Gonococcal eye infections in newborns can cause ______. _____ can be used to protect newborns’ eyes. Most states require ____ in all baby’s eyes.

Question 62

17

What is a presumptive lab diagnosis for N. gonorrhoeae?

Question 63

17

There are several reliable and sensitive ____ amplification tests available for confirmed N. gonorrhoeae.

Question 64

21

What is the only natural reservoir for N. meningitidis?

Question 65

21

N. meningitidis is a common colonizer of the _____.

Question 66

21

N. meningitidis is transmitted by _____.

Question 67

21

N. meningitidis spreads rapidly in ______.

Question 68

21

How many serogroups are there for N. meningitidis?

Question 69

22

What are two virulence factors for N. meningococcus?

Question 70

22

Does N. meningococcus produce any exotoxins?

Question 71

22

While growing rapidly inside the host, N. meningitidis releases _____ from the ____. The host response to this causes many of the _____.

Question 72

23

Many people are _____ of N. meningitidis.

Question 73

23

N. meningitidis pathogenes involves pili binding to _____ in the ____. Clearance occurs when ____ are produced. Pili is not _____ as for gonococcys.

Question 74

23

Meningococcal diseases often follow ______ by taking advantage of ______ and invading past the _____.

Question 75

24

N. meningitidis passes through ____ to enter the blood. Bacteria in the blood release _____. This causes ___ and the release of _____.

Question 76

24

Meningococcal pathogenesis can lead to ___ damage, _____ within the skin, and death can occur in ____% of cases even with treatment.

Question 77

24

What is a hallmark of meningococcal infection?

Question 78

25

Meningococcal organisms cross to the ____ and _____. The organisms multiply faster than _______.

Question 79

25

What are 4 inflammatory responses in the brain when infected by meningococcal organisms?

Question 80

26

The highest rate of meningococcal infections are seen in children age _____. Before this they are protected by _____.

Question 81

26

There are high rates of meningococcal infections in people with _______ defects.

Question 82

26

Household contacts of patients with meningococcal infection need to be given ______. _____ will not work because it does not eliminate carriage.

Question 83

27

What are 4 symptoms that follow the sudden onset of throbbing headache in meningococcal infection?

Question 84

27

There is a ____% mortality rate for meningococcal infections even with ____.

Question 85

29

What are the two treatment and prevention options for meningococcal infection?

Question 86

30

What are three lab diagnoses for N. meningitidis?

Question 87

31

What are the two antibiotics used for N. meningitidis?