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Biology 211 > Exam 3 chapter 35 > Flashcards

Exam 3 chapter 35 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are two characteristic morphological features in deuterostomes

A

Anus develops first and the coelom forms from mesoderm being pinched

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2
Q

What are three synapomorphies that characterize echinoderms

A

Adults have radial symmetry
Endoskeleton
Watervascular system

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3
Q

What are the components of the echinoderm water vascular system?

A

Tube feet – podium (outside body) and Ampulla (inside body)

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4
Q

What type of symmetry do adult echinoderms have

A

Radial

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5
Q

Describe three different ways in which echinoderms feed

A

Mass feeding – ex: feeding on bivalves by ripping their shells apart with their tube feet, extruding their stomachs through the opening, secreting enzymes into them and sucking them up
Suspension feeding – extend tube feet into the water and use them to flick up food particles. Their cilia then sweep food into their mouth
Deposit feeding – dissolve food in mucus and eat mucus by moving it to their mouth with their tube feet

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6
Q

What are the five major lineages and common names of echinoderms

A

Crinodidea – feather stars and sea lilies
Asteroidea – sea stars
Ophiuroidea – brittle stars and basket stars
Echinoidea – sea urchins and sand dollars
Holothuroidea – sea cucumbers

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7
Q

What do you need to know about Crinoidea

A

They are sessile and suspension feeder

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8
Q

What do you need to know about Ophiuroidea

A

They have 5 or more arms connected to disk for feeding

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9
Q

What do you need to know about Holothuroidea

A

Suspension/deposit feed with modified tube feet around mouth called tentacles

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10
Q

What do you need to know about Hemichordata and Xenoturbellida

A

They are worm like

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11
Q

What four morphological features distinguish chordates

A

Openings in the throat called pharyngeal gill slits
A dorsal hollow nerve cord that runs the length of the body
A stiff and supportive but flexible rod, called the notochord, that runs the length of the body
A muscular post-anal tail

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12
Q

The three lineages of chordates are

A

Cephalochordates
Urochordates
Vertebrates

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13
Q

Cephalochordates are also called

A

lancelets or amphioxus

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14
Q

Urochordates are also called. What parts that distinguish them as chordates only occur in the larvae

A

tunicates or sea squirts. notochord, dorsal hollow nerve chord, muscular post anal tail

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15
Q

Birds are

A

Reptiles

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16
Q

In vertebrates, the dorsal hollow nerve cord =

A

Spinal cord

17
Q

In aquatic species of vertebrates, what do pharyngeal pouches develop into

A

Gills

18
Q

What are the synapomorphies that distinguish vertebrates? What do these protect

A

Vertebrae
Cranium
Protects the central nervous system

19
Q

What are the three regions of the brain

A

Forebrain – housing the sense of smell
Midbrain – associated with vision
Hindbrain – responsible for balance and hearing

20
Q

Asteroidia are predators or scavengers that feed on animals such as bivalves, sponges, barnacles and snails

A

correct

21
Q

Asteroidia crawl by using their tube feet

A

correct

22
Q

Asteroidia only consist of females

A

incorrect

23
Q

Asteroidia have reproductive organisms in one or more of their arms

A

correct

24
Q

The larvae are short lived. They only spend a few hours in the water column

A

incorrect

25
Q

Most species can regenerate lost arms. Some can regenerate by dividing the body in two and regenerating the missing half

A

correct

26
Q

Most species of Ecinoidea are what

A

sea urchins and sand dollars

27
Q

Bony exoskeleton

A

ordocician, scale-like plates

28
Q

Jaws

A

silurian, predation

29
Q

Bony endoskeleton

A

Silurian, rapid swimming

30
Q

Limbs capable of moving on land

A

Devonian, tetrapods

31
Q

amniotic egg

A

carboniferous, better developed young

32
Q

Wings and flight

A

flying

33
Q

The key vertebrate chordate lineages include

A

Fish
Amphibians
Mammals
Reptiles

Biology 211 (27 decks)

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