Exam 3: Alcohol Metabolism Flashcards
Enzymes responsible for alcohol metabolism in liver
ADH
ALDH
MEOS
Catalase (presence of H2O2)
If ADH becomes saturated, what ER system is used to metabolize alcohol
MEOS
Coenzyme reduced during alcohol metabolism
NAD —- NADH
Fate of acetate
TCA Cycle
Fate of NADH
ETC
Energy state in cell during alcohol metabolism
High
Metabolic pathways inhibited during alcohol metabolism
Gluconeogenesis
FA oxidation
Krebs
Pyruvate DH
What pathways would be activated under alcohol metabolism
Fat synthesis
Ketone synthesis
Lactate synthesis (fast glycolysis)
During alcohol metabolism, why would glycolysis slow down?
High NADH levels
How does glycolysis regenerate NAD from NADH
Pyruvate —-lactate reaction
What would happen to blood glucose if consumed alcohol after using insulin
Drop in blood sugar
If OAA concentrations reduced and have low blood sugar, what is fate of acetyl CoA
Ketone formation
How does Disulfiram work?
What metabolite builds up?
Inhibits ALDH
Increase in acetaldehyde
How does alcohol increase urine output
Blocks antidiuretic hormone
More water stays in urine = larger urine volume
Toxic intermediate of alcohol metabolism
Acetaldehyde
Enzymes involved in alcohol conversion to acetaldehyde
ADH
MEOS
Catalase
Alcoholism can lead to
Fatty liver Hepatic disease (cirrhosis) Lactic acidosis Ketoacidosis Death
Energy of alcohol
7 kcal/g
Ethanol is absorbed where?
Throughout entire GI tract
Alcohol oxidatively degraded in
Liver
MEOS aka
Cytochrome P-450 system
Catalase works in presence of
Hydrogen peroxide
NADH is a produce when ethanol metabolized by either
ADH or MEOS
Alcohol dehydrogenase pathway occurs in
Cytoplasm of liver cells
